Policy-Making for the Brazilian Amazon

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 416-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Jon Rosenbaum ◽  
William G. Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Political Rhetoric ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
National Integration ◽  
Major Development

Long a region seemingly immune to modernization and relegated to governmental neglect, the Brazilian Amazon has nonetheless frequently been the theme of political rhetoric. While the area has stagnated, Brazilians have continually referred to it as the “Land of Promise.” Now, however, it appears that Amazonia is finally to become a major government beneficiary.An area comprising 42 percent of Brazil's territory but only about three percent of its population, a land often inaccurately portrayed as both a “Green Hell” and a “Green Paradise,” the Amazon recently has been selected by President Garrastazu Médici as the site of a major development effort. Its colonization and economic development have been assigned priority status within the president's “Plan for National Integration.”

Regulation of Special Economic Zones Through Regional Trade Agreements: Confronting the Synergy Issue

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjiao Chi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Regional Trade Agreements ◽  
Special Economic Zones ◽  
International Level ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Economic Zones ◽  
Rule Making

ABSTRACT Special economic zones (SEZs) and regional trade agreements (RTAs) are frequently used by states as policy tools to promote economic development. As SEZs and RTAs overlap in geographical coverage and regulation areas and are implemented in parallel, they could create profound synergies. As there is no specialized international legal framework for SEZ regulation, and national SEZ laws seldom touch upon the synergy issue, SEZ regulation is largely left to RTAs at the international level. Yet, existing SEZ-related provisions in RTAs almost exclusively focus on trade in goods and appear insufficient in addressing the synergy issue—especially ‘new synergies’ created by ‘advanced SEZs’ and ‘deep RTAs’. To properly address the synergy issue, states should treat SEZ policy-making and RTA rule-making in a coordinated way and consider adopting a regional or multilateral approach in SEZ regulation.

Ecosystem protection and poverty alleviation in the tropics: Perspective from a historical evolution of policy-making in the Brazilian Amazon

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 97-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Fernanda Pinho ◽  
Genevieve Patenaude ◽  
Jean P Ometto ◽  
Patrick Meir ◽  
Peter M Toledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Historical Evolution ◽  
Ecosystem Protection ◽  
The Tropics

scholarly journals Analyzing the economic impact of sustainable development programs in the Brazilian Amazon

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-321
Author(s):  
DREW NELSON
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Economic Impact Analysis ◽  
Economic Development Model ◽  
Local Sustainable Development

ABSTRACT Over the last forty years, the Brazilian Amazon has been the object of many development and industrialization programs. The vast majority of those programs have been “mega-projects” implemented by the Brazilian federal government. Recently, several states have implemented their own style of economic development programs in the Amazon. These smaller scale “local” sustainable development programs offer policy makers an alternative to the “mega-projects”. This paper seeks to identify the strengths and weaknesses of each economic development model. Additionally, this paper provides an economic impact analysis of one “local” sustainable development project, Projeto Castanha-do-Brasil.

Het profiel van de lokale politiek

Res Publica ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-26
Author(s):  
Rudolf Maes
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Local Politics ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Political Rhetoric ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Government Organization ◽  
Cultural Sector ◽  
Total Government Expenditure

In Belgian political rhetoric municipalities are described as the cornerstone of a well-balanced government organization. However, this is not noticeable in the administrative language: municipalities are described as 'subordinate' administrations or 'administrations under tutelage'. Their share in total government expenditure is alarmingly low, 10.8%.The importance of local politics is determined by:- the political will to recognise the municipality as a 'civil society'- the interest in the democratic content of government and the necessity of policy differentiation- the recognition of local government as a laboratory for policy and as a voice of the place community in the national politics.From the perspective of policy-making Belgian municipalities have a mixed profile. First of all, they are 'cultural municipalities': 28.5% of the expenditures are in the educational and cultural sector. Other important expenditures are: roads and utilities (17%) and security (12.8%). Compared to different West-European countries, expenditures for social matters are rather limited (11 %).

Jeffrey L. Pressman and Aaron B. Wildavsky,

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Wegrich
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Public Policy Research ◽  
Implementation Studies ◽  
Central Argument ◽  
Aaron Wildavsky ◽  
Emergent Networks

This chapter comments onImplementation, a book by Jeffrey L. Pressman and Aaron Wildavsky. It traces its roots to the Economic Development Agency’s Oakland project, designed to promote economic development in cities by increasing employment opportunities for minorities. It considers Pressman and Wildavsky’s account of why the Oakland program failed, as well as their central argument with regards to the role of politics and policy-making in implementation. It discusses the decline of implementation studies as the dominating subfield of public policy research and highlights some key concerns raised by Pressman and Wildavsky that continue to be influential. The chapter concludes by looking at debates about the merits of non-hierarchical coordination, informal interaction, and emergent networks.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurship indicators, policies and their influence on the business environment in West Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinseye U. Olowu ◽  
Edwin Ijeoma ◽  
Annabel Vanroose
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
National Integration ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
Colonial Policy ◽  
Indirect Rule

Background: This article examined the performance of entrepreneurship indicators and their influence on the business environments through economic rankings in selected Anglophone and Francophone countries in West Africa.Aim: An institutional framework for entrepreneurship indicators was adopted as a measure for entrepreneurship in the region focusing on its determinants, impacts and outcomes.Setting: The colonial policy of indirect rule in the Anglophone West Africa focused on economic development and national integration, while the colonial policy of assimilation in the francophone focused on trade and centralisation.Method: This study focused on a comparative evaluation and synthesis.Results: The study found that the Anglophone countries were more entrepreneurship enhancing than the Francophone divide, but the economies in the region were all factor driven.Conclusion: The study recommends private sector partnership in the drive to promote entrepreneurship so that the entrepreneurship drive in the countries aim towards innovative and efficient competitiveness.

scholarly journals From “Blood Transfusion” to “Harmonious Development”: The Political Economy of Fiscal Allocations to China's Ethnic Regions

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
National Development ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
The Political ◽  
National Integration ◽  
Ethnic Tensions

For six decades, China's central authorities have promoted development in ethnic regions through special fiscal allocations with the idea that economic development is the key to national integration and inter-ethnic harmony. Yet, inter-ethnic tensions and violence persist in China. Focusing on historical changes to fiscal allocations as the principal policy instrument used by Beijing to promote development in ethnic areas, this analysis finds these changes mirror broad shifts in the country's national development strategy. As the study argues, this pattern reflects an approach to development policy in ethnic regions whereby policies serve central objectives consistent with a policy process for determining the fiscal allocations to ethnic regions that has been both centrally concentrated and non-participatory. With evidence that this “non-engaging” approach may be exacerbating ethnic tensions, Beijing has made efforts to introduce more “inclusive” approaches to determining policies for ethnic regions; however, whether these approaches will be institutionalized remains unclear.

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