scholarly journals From “Blood Transfusion” to “Harmonious Development”: The Political Economy of Fiscal Allocations to China's Ethnic Regions

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
National Development ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
The Political ◽  
National Integration ◽  
Ethnic Tensions

For six decades, China's central authorities have promoted development in ethnic regions through special fiscal allocations with the idea that economic development is the key to national integration and inter-ethnic harmony. Yet, inter-ethnic tensions and violence persist in China. Focusing on historical changes to fiscal allocations as the principal policy instrument used by Beijing to promote development in ethnic areas, this analysis finds these changes mirror broad shifts in the country's national development strategy. As the study argues, this pattern reflects an approach to development policy in ethnic regions whereby policies serve central objectives consistent with a policy process for determining the fiscal allocations to ethnic regions that has been both centrally concentrated and non-participatory. With evidence that this “non-engaging” approach may be exacerbating ethnic tensions, Beijing has made efforts to introduce more “inclusive” approaches to determining policies for ethnic regions; however, whether these approaches will be institutionalized remains unclear.

scholarly journals Singapore: Reflections and Implications of Another Smart State

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Michael Porter ◽  
State Initiatives ◽  
The Development Strategy

The objective of this paper is to analyse key elements of the development strategy of Singapore since the mid–1960s. The paper describes the economic challenge faced by Singapore in the mid–1960s, overviews contemporary world trends in foreign direct investment, and uses competitiveness constructs developed by Michael Porter (1985) to clarify key stages in the evolution of Singapore's development strategy. The paper argues that the strategy has been successful because of unremitting top priority given to it by Singapore's political leadership and because the political leaders charged a single organisation, the Economic Development Board (EDB), with absolute authority to develop and implement the strategy. The paper concludes with implications for Queensland's Smart State initiatives.

The International Conference on Islam and Development in Southeast Asia

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-572
Author(s):  
Omar Altalib
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Political Process ◽  
National Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Resource Center

The International Conference on Islam and Development in SoutheastAsia was held during September 25-26, 1991, at the Equatorial Hotel, KualaLumpur, Malaysia. The conference was jointly organized by the Academyof Malay Studies (University of Malaya), the Islamic Academy (Universityof Malaya), and the Information and Resource Center (Singapore) and wassponsored by the Hanns-Seidel Foundation. The conference's stated aim wasto demonstrate the differences in programs for cooperation between Islamiccountries, the integration attempts of developing countries, and the actualeconomic and political situations of Southeast Asian countries.There were four main panels in the program: a) Islam and Developmentin Southeast Asia: A Historical Perspective; b) Islam and the Political Process;c) Islam and Economic Development; and 4) Islam and the Future of theRegion.In the first panel, Khoo Kay Kim (professor of Malaysian history,University of Malaya) pointed out that Muslims have historically emphasizededucation, while in modern times they have tended to allow education tobe shaped by outside rather than inside influences. In addition, Muslimeducation in Southeast Asia has lagged behind national development. Atpresent, the education system in Malaysia continues to produce students who ...

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Development and Infrastructure Cost Performance in China: Comparing Transport and Energy Sectors

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-206
Author(s):  
Wiebke Rabe ◽  
Genia Kostka ◽  
Sabrina Habich-Sobiegalla
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
National Development ◽  
Project Performance ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Cost Performance ◽  
Infrastructure Provision ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
Infrastructure Performance

Socio-economic development is often linked to efficient infrastructure provision. In China, the government has rolled out ambitious infrastructure projects as part of its national development strategy. There is much to praise about China’s infrastructure provision, such as its remarkable scale and speed of infrastructure delivery. However, based on studying 153 infrastructure cases between 1983 and 2018 and two in-depth case studies, we find that China’s infrastructure performance is not as positive as often assumed. We show that infrastructure projects continuously arrive significantly over budget. We argue that this cost performance depends – similar to Western countries – on inaccurately anticipating technical hindrances and geographical challenges. In addition, however, we identify another important and so far less discussed project performance determinant specifically relevant to the Chinese context: population resettlements and land acquisition.

scholarly journals Environmental Management and Development Strategy of Cross-border River Water Resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 259 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Water ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
National Development ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
International Rivers ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Development And Utilization ◽  
International River

International Rivers pass through more than two countries, which makes it difficult to manage international rivers. Nowadays, the integration of world economic development determines the increasingly close cooperation between countries. The international river has become a hot area of economic development. How to rationally develop and utilize the international river and make it healthy and sustainable development is an important problem facing all countries. China is rich in cross-border river water resources. With the increasingly obvious economic status of cross-border river water resources, how to use cross-border river is an urgent problem. Combined with the distribution characteristics of cross-border rivers in China, this paper discusses the strategic significance of cross-border river development and utilization for national development, combs the current situation of cross-border river development and utilization, and puts forward corresponding measures for cross-border river development strategy, which has reference value for solving the problems caused by cross-border river development.

POTRET POLITIK PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI KAMPUNG MAREDAN 2014-2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Khairul Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Current Policy ◽  
Development Politics ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village

This study aims to describe the economic development of Maredan kampong 2014-2016. Thisresearch uses R.William Liddle (2004) conceptualization that is “Restricted Pluralism”. Thispolitical analysis is included in the pluralist paradigm of modern political economy. In thisanalysis, research attempts to answer the main questions, such as whether Maredan villageeconomic development politics? This question is answered by identifying: (1) What are thepreference and preferences of building a penghulu? What is the position of the actor in thevillage development policy process? The results of this study revealed that The choice ofMaredan village development policy is determined by the actions of the village heads andinstitutions in linking the market and the will of the government as a manifestation of theinherent authority. The ability to “reconcile” these two interests is the current policy of villagedevelopment in Maredan. There are many issues of governance and village development Thatappear on the surface. But the most prominent political color of economic development inMaredan is the economic factor that affects Maredan society.

The complex assessment of tour-recreational potential of Uvs province of Mongolia

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-133
Author(s):  
B Baasannamjii ◽  
L Bayasgalan ◽  
B Shoshvandan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Research Work ◽  
National Development ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Fast Development ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Recreation Activities

Government of Mongolia has developed “National Development Strategy of Mongolia” and “Regional Development Policy of Mongolia” and it was focused on promoting fast development of tourism as one of the leading sectors of the economy. Furthermore, increase in responsibility of state and local authorities for business sector is paying more attention to further development of regional tour-recreation. Given that the tour-recreation recourses in rural area are ought to be determined specifically as well as the determined recourses are required to be utilized in efficient way, it is envisaged that gradually increases are important for involving the Camp of cooperating Herding Households (CCHH) to be participated in local tour-recreation activities. Accordingly, demands are raised to identify the factors and influences on developing the Tour-recreation activities in CCHH.Our objective of this research work is to conduct the full assessment and regionalize the tour-recreational capacity of Uvs province.Journal of agricultural sciences №15 (02): 130-133, 2015

scholarly journals Regional socio-economic disparities in the Kashmir Valley (India) – a geographical approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 85-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahnaz Mohiuddin ◽  
Haseena Hashia
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
National Development ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Kashmir Valley ◽  
Populated Area ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Physical Features

Abstract.The problem of regional disparities in the levels of social and economic development is a universal phenomenon. Both developed and developing countries have witnessed this problem in the path of their socio-economic advancement. India is a large federal nation and it is well known that there are widespread disparities in the levels of socio-economic development among the different regions of the Indian nation. Balanced regional development has always been an essential component of India’s national development strategy in order to ensure the unity and integrity of the nation. Jammu and Kashmir, the northernmost state of India, has been divided into three geo-physical regions, viz. Jammu, the Valley of Kashmir and the Ladakh. The Kashmir Valley is the most thickly populated area of the state; the overriding characteristics of the economy of the Kashmir Valley is its extreme backwardness which is largely the result of the peculiar physical features of the Valley and traditional society. The indicators to be used in the present study have been assigned statistical weights derived through the factor analysis method. The changes in the index values have been examined to trace the direction of development. Finally, the sectoral indices have been pooled together to derive a comprehensive composite index of development. This gives an aggregate picture of the changes in the levels of development of all the tehsils over two time periods, i.e. 1981 and 2001.

scholarly journals Reclaiming the Past: Restoration of Personal and Communal History in Petals of Blood

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-122
Author(s):  
Simona Klimková
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
National Development ◽  
Postcolonial Literature ◽  
Ngugi Wa Thiong'o ◽  
The Political ◽  
Communal Identity ◽  
National History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Postcolonial Writers

Abstract The implications of the colonialist discourse, which suggested that the colonized is a person “whose historical, physical, and metaphysical geography begins with European memory” (Thiong’o, 2009), urged postcolonial writers to correct these views by addressing the issues from their own perspectives. The themes of history and communal/national past thus play a prominent role in postcolonial literature as they are inevitably interwoven with the concept of communal identity. In Petals of Blood (1977), the Kenyan writer Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o explores the implications of social change as brought about by the political and economic development during the post-independence period. This paper seeks to examine the crucial relation between personal and communal/national history and relate it to the writer’s views of principal legacies of colonialism. As Thiong’o states: “My interest in the past is because of the present and there is no way to discuss the future or present separate from the past” (Thiong’o, 1975). Clearly, the grasping of the past and one’s identification with it seems fundamental in discussing national development. As Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o’s narratives are always situated in the realm of political and historical context, blending fiction with fact, this paper also aims to elaborate on the implications of his vision.

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