Cigarette Smoking and Cancer Mortality Risk in Japanese Men and Women: Results from Reanalysis of the Six-Prefecture Cohort Study Data

1502 Background: There are indications of an association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and risk of different cancer types. There is dispute whether this association differs between males and females. Methods: We studied the association of BMI at the first survey with risk of mortality from the most common types of cancer (lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancer) in a large general population-based cohort study (Vlagtwedde-Vlaardingen, 1965-1990) with follow-up on mortality status until 2009. Additionally, we assessed this association based on tertiles of the annual change in BMI (defined as the difference between BMI at last survey and first survey divided by the time between last and first survey). We used 3 categories of BMI (< 25 kg/m2, 25-30 kg/m2, and ≥ 30 kg/m2) and changes in BMI (< 0.02 kg/m2/yr, 0.02-0.2 kg/m2/yr, and > 0.2 kg/m2/yr) in the analyses. The multivariate Cox regression model was adjusted for age, smoking, gender. Analyses were additionally stratified by gender and smoking. Results: Among all 8645 subjects, 1194 died due to cancer (lung cancer: 275; colorectal cancer: 134; breast cancer: 117; prostate cancer: 83). Mortality from all types of cancer was significantly increased in subjects with BMI > 30 kg/m2 (HR (95 % CI)) = 1.22 (1.00-1.48)), especially in females (1.38 (1.06-1.81)) and in never smokers (1.39 (1.02-1.90)). Prostate cancer mortality was significantly increased in males with BMI 25-30 kg/m2 (2.04 (1.90-3.83)) and > 30 kg/m2 (2.61 (1.02-6.67)). This association between prostate cancer mortality and BMI was higher in smokers. Lung cancer mortality risk was decreased in subjects with BMI 25-30 kg/m2 (0.71 (0.54-0.93)) and > 30 kg/m2 (0.82 (0.50-1.32)), especially in males, in smokers, and in smoking males. There were no significant associations between BMI and colorectal or breast cancer mortality nor between change in BMI and mortality from all analyzed types of cancer. Conclusions: We show that an increase in BMI is associated with an increased risk of mortality from all types of cancer in females and with an increased mortality risk from prostate cancer in males but with a decreased lung cancer mortality risk, especially in males. More research is needed into the biological mechanisms that link BMI to cancer.

Download Full-text

Duration of cigarette smoking is a risk factor for oropharyngeal cancer mortality among Japanese men and women: the Ibaraki Prefectural Health Study (IPHS)

Annals of Epidemiology ◽

10.1016/j.annepidem.2013.06.007 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 23 (9) ◽

pp. 546-550 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nobue Saito ◽

Toshimi Sairenchi ◽

Fujiko Irie ◽

Hiroyasu Iso ◽

Kyoko Iimura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽

Health Study ◽

Japanese Men ◽

Men And Women

Download Full-text

Fruit, vegetable and bean intake and mortality from cardiovascular disease among Japanese men and women: the JACC Study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114508143586 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 102 (2) ◽

pp. 285-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 97

Author(s):

Junko Nagura ◽

Hiroyasu Iso ◽

Yoshiyuki Watanabe ◽

Koutatsu Maruyama ◽

Chigusa Date ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Mortality Risk ◽

Vegetable Intake ◽

Total Mortality ◽

Fruit Intake ◽

Japanese Men ◽

Men And Women

To examine the association of plant-based food intakes with CVD and total mortality among Japanese. In the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk, 25 206 men and 34 279 women aged 40–79 years, whose fruit, vegetable and bean intakes were assessed by questionnaire at baseline in 1988–90, were followed for 13 years. Deaths from total stroke, stroke subtypes, CHD and total CVD, according to the International Classification for Diseases 10th Revision, were registered. During 756 054 person-years of follow-up, there were 559 deaths from total stroke, 258 from CHD, 1207 from total CVD and 4514 from total mortality for men, and for women, 494, 194, 1036 and 3092, respectively. Fruit intake was inversely associated with mortality from total stroke (the multivariable hazard ratio (HR (95 % CI)) in the highest v. lowest quartiles = 0·67 (0·55, 0·81)), total CVD (HR = 0·75 (0·66, 0·85)) and total mortality (HR = 0·86 (0·80, 0·92)). Vegetable intake was inversely associated with total CVD (HR = 0·88 (0·78, 0·99)). Bean intake was inversely associated with other CVD (HR = 0·79 (0·64, 0·98)), total CVD (HR = 0·84 (0·74, 0·95)) and total mortality (HR = 0·90 (0·84, 0·96)). Further adjustment for other plant-based foods did not alter the association of fruit intake with mortality from total stroke, total CVD and total mortality, but attenuated the associations of vegetables and beans with mortality risk. In conclusion, intakes of plant-based foods, particularly fruit intake, were associated with reduced mortality from CVD and all causes among Japanese men and women.

Download Full-text