A Miniature Storing Activity Recorder for Seabird Species

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vsevolod Afanasyev ◽  
Peter A. Prince
Keyword(s):  
Seabird Species ◽  
Activity Recorder

scholarly journals Foraging niche partitioning in sympatric seabird populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Petalas ◽  
Thomas Lazarus ◽  
Raphael A. Lavoie ◽  
Kyle H. Elliott ◽  
Mélanie F. Guigueno
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Niche Differentiation ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Foraging Strategies ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Seabird Species ◽  
Foraging Range ◽  
Common Murre ◽  
Prey Items

AbstractSympatric species must sufficiently differentiate aspects of their ecological niche to alleviate complete interspecific competition and stably coexist within the same area. Seabirds provide a unique opportunity to understand patterns of niche segregation among coexisting species because they form large multi-species colonies of breeding aggregations with seemingly overlapping diets and foraging areas. Recent biologging tools have revealed that colonial seabirds can differentiate components of their foraging strategies. Specifically, small, diving birds with high wing-loading may have small foraging radii compared with larger or non-diving birds. In the Gulf of St-Lawrence in Canada, we investigated whether and how niche differentiation occurs in four incubating seabird species breeding sympatrically using GPS-tracking and direct field observations of prey items carried by adults to chicks: the Atlantic puffin (Fratercula arctica), razorbill (Alca torda), common murre (Uria aalge), and black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla). Although there was overlap at foraging hotspots, all species differentiated in either diet (prey species, size and number) or foraging range. Whereas puffins and razorbills consumed multiple smaller prey items that were readily available closer to the colony, murres selected larger more diverse prey that were accessible due to their deeper diving capability. Kittiwakes compensated for their surface foraging by having a large foraging range, including foraging largely at a specific distant hotspot. These foraging habitat specialisations may alleviate high interspecific competition allowing for their coexistence, providing insight on multispecies colonial living.

scholarly journals Metabolomic profiles in relation to benchmark polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and trace elements in two seabird species from Arctic Canada

2021 ◽  
pp. 112022
Author(s):  
Sailendra Nath Sarma ◽  
Philippe J. Thomas ◽  
Shama Naz ◽  
Bruce Pauli ◽  
Doug Crump ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Arctic Canada ◽  
Seabird Species ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

scholarly journals Inter-Specific and Intra-Specific Competition of Two Sympatrically Breeding Seabirds, Chinstrap and Gentoo Penguins, at Two Neighboring Colonies

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 482
Author(s):  
Won Young Lee ◽  
Seongseop Park ◽  
Kil Won Kim ◽  
Jeong-Hoon Kim ◽  
Jong-Ku Gal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Isotopic Niche ◽  
Seabird Species ◽  
Δ13c And Δ15n ◽  
Foraging Area ◽  
Colonial Seabird ◽  
Gps Tracks ◽  
Colony Level

Theory predicts that sympatric predators compete for food under conditions of limited resources. Competition would occur even within the same species, between neighboring populations, because of overlapping foraging habits. Thus, neighboring populations of the same species are hypothesized to face strong competition. To test the hypothesis that intra-specific competition is more intense than inter-specific competition owing to a lack of niche partitioning, we estimated the foraging area and diving depths of two colonial seabird species at two neighboring colonies. Using GPS and time-depth recorders, we tracked foraging space use of sympatric breeding Chinstrap and Gentoo penguins at Ardley Island (AI) and Narębski Point (NP) at King George Island, Antarctica. GPS tracks showed that there was a larger overlap in the foraging areas between the two species than within each species. In dive parameters, Gentoo penguins performed deeper and longer dives than Chinstrap penguins at the same colonies. At the colony level, Gentoo penguins from NP undertook deeper and longer dives than those at AI, whereas Chinstrap penguins did not show such intra-specific differences in dives. Stable isotope analysis of δ13C and δ15N isotopes in blood demonstrated both inter- and intra-specific differences. Both species of penguin at AI exhibited higher δ13C and δ15N values than those at NP, and in both locations, Gentoo penguins had higher δ13C and lower δ15N values than Chinstrap penguins. Isotopic niches showed that there were lower inter-specific overlaps than intra-specific overlaps. This suggests that, despite the low intra-specific spatial overlap, diets of conspecifics from different colonies remained more similar, resulting in the higher isotopic niche overlaps. Collectively, our results support the hypothesis that intra-specific competition is higher than inter-specific competition, leading to spatial segregation of the neighboring populations of the same species.

Seabird and dolphin associations: do seabirds benefit from feeding in association with dusky dolphins in Patagonia?

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 1147-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Degrati ◽  
Silvana L. Dans ◽  
Griselda V. Garaffo ◽  
Enrique A. Crespo
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Strategy ◽  
Research Vessel ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Seabird Species ◽  
Magellanic Penguins ◽  
Dusky Dolphins ◽  
Dusky Dolphin ◽  
Mixed Groups

The objective of this study was to describe associations between several species of seabirds and dusky dolphins. We investigated during what dolphin activities seabirds were most commonly associated, and the size of flock in relation to the number of dolphins in a group. Since both seabirds and dolphins may display different feeding strategies, we also investigated if benefits differed among seabird species. Data were collected in Golfo Nuevo (42°20′S65°00′W) on-board a research vessel between 2001 and 2008. A total of 224 mixed groups of seabirds were encountered during this study. The seabird–dolphin associations were mainly observed during dusky dolphin surface feeding. Shearwaters and kelp gulls were mainly observed in flocks that were associated with dolphins, while Magellanic penguins and cormorants were mainly observed without dolphins. Seabirds may be conditioned to the foraging strategy of dolphins, since birds are associated with dolphins only during dolphin surface feeding. This association probably helped seabirds to find prey, but there were no obvious benefits to dolphins.

scholarly journals Widespread gene flow between oceans in a pelagic seabird species complex

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (20) ◽  
pp. 5716-5728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Booth Jones ◽  
Malcolm A. C. Nicoll ◽  
Claire Raisin ◽  
Deborah A. Dawson ◽  
Helen Hipperson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Seabird Species ◽  
Pelagic Seabird

scholarly journals Terrestrial and Marine Foraging Strategies of an Opportunistic Seabird Species Breeding in the Wadden Sea

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e0159630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Garthe ◽  
Philipp Schwemmer ◽  
Vitor H. Paiva ◽  
Anna-Marie Corman ◽  
Heino O. Fock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wadden Sea ◽  
Foraging Strategies ◽  
Seabird Species

Evaluating habitat, prey, and mesopredator associations in a community of marine birds

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 1602-1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly F Goyert ◽  
Beth Gardner ◽  
Richard R Veit ◽  
Andrew T Gilbert ◽  
Emily Connelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Potential Conflict ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Seabird Species ◽  
Marine Birds ◽  
Offshore Development

Abstract Offshore wind energy development on the US Atlantic Continental Shelf has brought attention to the need for marine spatial planning efforts to reduce potential conflict between wind turbines and marine animals, including seabirds. We evaluated the effects of marine mammals, fishes, and habitat characteristics on the distribution and relative abundance of marine birds off the coast of Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia. From May 2012 to 2014, we collected line transect data from 14 shipboard surveys, and novel high-resolution digital videography data from 14 aerial surveys. We compiled five habitat covariates: three static (distance to shore, sea floor slope, and sediment grain size), and two dynamic (sea surface temperature, salinity). We additionally analysed two seabird community covariates: the density of observed marine mammals and detected fish. Using zero-altered models, we tested our hypothesis that plunge-diving seabird species would show positive associations with marine mammals. Our results provide statistical evidence that, alongside competition, facilitative interactions occur among pelagic communities, where subsurface predators improve the detectability and accessibility of prey to surface-feeding seabirds. This study highlights the importance of quantifying community and ecological influences on avian abundance, particularly in predicting the potential exposure of marine birds and mammals to offshore development.

scholarly journals Poaching vs. patrolling: effects on conservation of Cory’s Shearwater Calonectris diomedea borealis colonies

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTA LOPEZ-DARIAS ◽  
JAVIER LUZARDO ◽  
RAFAEL MARTÍNEZ ◽  
DANIEL GONZÁLEZ ◽  
EDUARDO A. GARCÍA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Breeding Success ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Seabird Species ◽  
Cory’S Shearwater ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Calonectris Diomedea ◽  
Government Surveillance

SummaryNegative effects of poaching on seabird populations are not usually evaluated quantitatively when assessing seabird colony conservation status, nor are they generally considered a major concern. We demonstrate that poaching is still intense in the Canary Islands, and has negative consequences for the conservation of seabird colonies. We quantified the effects of poaching of Cory’s Shearwater fledglings on breeding success on different islands in the Canaries, comparing colonies that suffer from intense, medium, or no poaching. Poaching reduced the breeding success of affected colonies to almost a third, potentially causing the future extinction of the colony. Only colonies with intense wardening campaigns reached high values of reproductive success, showing that government surveillance in conjunction with volunteers from different NGOs is a very effective approach in reducing poaching. A population sensitivity analysis was also conducted to provide data on the factors that most affect the performance of the model. Although population growth and mean final population size varied with increases and decreases in mortality and carrying capacity, only harvesting resulted in a probability of 100% of extinction in 20–40 years. To promote seabird conservation in regions such as the Canary Islands, a core archipelago for seabird species in the Atlantic, poaching control should be elevated by society to a level of urgency, requiring dedicated funding and mobilisation of experts and volunteers to adequately address it through education, prevention and enforcement.

scholarly journals Climate driven spatiotemporal variations in seabird bycatch hotspots and implications for seabird bycatch mitigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rujia Bi ◽  
Yan Jiao ◽  
Joan A. Browder
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Stream ◽  
Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽  
Seabird Species ◽  
Advanced Planning ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
Pelagic Longline Fishery ◽  
Bayesian Approximation ◽  
Fishing Fleets ◽  
North Wall ◽  
National Marine Fisheries Service

AbstractBycatch in fisheries is a major threat to many seabird species. Understanding and predicting spatiotemporal changes in seabird bycatch from fisheries might be the key to mitigation. Inter-annual spatiotemporal patterns are evident in seabird bycatch of the U.S. Atlantic pelagic longline fishery monitored by the National Marine Fisheries Service Pelagic Observer Program (POP) since 1992. A newly developed fast computing Bayesian approximation method provided the opportunity to use POP data to understand spatiotemporal patterns, including temporal changes in location of seabird bycatch hotspots. A Bayesian model was developed to capture the inherent spatiotemporal structure in seabird bycatch and reduce the bias caused by physical barriers such as coastlines. The model was applied to the logbook data to estimate seabird bycatch for each longline set, and the mid-Atlantic bight and northeast coast were the fishing areas with the highest fleet bycatch estimate. Inter-annual changes in predicted bycatch hotspots were correlated with Gulf Stream meanders, suggesting that predictable patterns in Gulf Stream meanders could enable advanced planning of fishing fleet schedules and areas of operation. The greater the Gulf Stream North Wall index, the more northerly the seabird bycatch hotspot two years later. A simulation study suggested that switching fishing fleets from the hindcasted actual bycatch hotspot to neighboring areas and/or different periods could be an efficient strategy to decrease seabird bycatch while largely maintaining fishers’ benefit.

scholarly journals Seabird and Marine Mammal at-sea Distribution in the Norwegian, Greenland and Wandel Seas, 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Marine Mammal ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Seabird Species ◽  
Norwegian Sea ◽  
Fulmarus Glacialis ◽  
Ivory Gull ◽  
Transect Counts ◽  
North Greenland

Quantitative seabird and marine mammal at-sea distribution was determined in the Norwegian, Greenland and Wandel seas in August 2018 on board the icebreaking RV Polarstern. A total of 7,380 seabirds belonging to 25 species were tallied during 380 transect counts lasting 30 minute each, i.e. a mean value of 19 per count. Cetaceans were represented by seven species (mean of 0.1 per count) and pinnipeds by four species (0.1 per count). Numbers of seabird species and of individuals were low in the Norwegian Sea and the Greenland Sea (12 and 14 species, 4 and 8 individuals per count). They were especially low in the Wandel Sea off North Greenland: seven seabird species (2 individuals per count), mainly ivory gull Pagophila eburnea and fulmar Fulmarus glacialis. Cetaceans were absent and pinnipeds represented by three species only (0.3 per count). These concentrations are extremely low even when compared to other areas of the high Arctic Ocean.

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