scholarly journals Pylos and Sphacteria

1898 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 147-159
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Complete Collection ◽  
Early Number ◽  
Set Up

In my first article on Pylos and Sphacteria I made the rash promise that in an early number of this Journal I would support my theories by documentary evidence. It is with shame that I realise that this is now two years ago. Various circumstances have delayed me. I have been unable to visit Greece again myself, and the friends who were kind enough to do the work for me were constantly baulked by the storminess of the place. Not only was it often impossible to set up a camera ὁπότε πνεῦμα ἐκ πόντου εἴη but even to reach Sphacteria at all. Of the Pylian boatmen, as I know from my own experience, it cannot be said that ἀφειδὴς ὁ κατάπλους καθέστηκε It is only as a patchwork of the results of three different expeditions that I am now in a position to publish a plan of the παλαιὸν ἔρυμα and a fairly complete collection of photographs. In the present article my business will be to act as showman to this series; I have little new to add, and, happily, no fresh opponent to meet. My collaborators have, I think, on practically every point on which they have expressed an opinion, given their support to my views.

Two Approaches to Foundations in Greek Mathematics: Apollonius and Geminus

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Acerbi
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Foundations Of Mathematics ◽  
Previous Issue ◽  
Greek Mathematics ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Key Characters

ArgumentThis article is the sequel to an article published in the previous issue of Science in Context that dealt with homeomeric lines (Acerbi 2010). The present article deals with foundational issues in Greek mathematics. It considers two key characters in the study of mathematical homeomery, namely, Apollonius and Geminus, and analyzes in detail their approaches to foundational themes as they are attested in ancient sources. The main historiographical result of this paper is to show that there was a well-established mathematical field of discourse in “foundations of mathematics,” a fact that is by no means obvious. The paper argues that the authors involved in this field of discourse set up a variety of philosophical, scholarly, and mathematical tools that they used in developing their investigations.

scholarly journals Gainful game, set-up, cyberworld

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Eldred
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Philosophical Orientation ◽  
Essential Nature ◽  
Critical Insight ◽  
Set Up

There is a critique of capitalist market economy that consists in claiming not only that capitalist social relations are uncaring and alienating, nor only exploitative of the working class, but that the process of capitalist economy as a whole is a way of living, today globalized, that has gotten out of hand. Its essential nature is unmasked as a senseless circular movement that, besides ruthlessly exploiting natural resources, demeans human being itself and alienates it from the historical alternative of a purportedly authentic mode of human being rooted in collective, solidaric subjectivity. The present article offers an alternative hermeneutic cast for understanding capitalism as the gainful game that can serve as philosophical orientation in fighting for a free and fair social interplay in which the powers and abilities of free individuals are appropriately and reciprocally estimated and esteemed. This requires, first and foremost, seeing through the fetishisms inherent in the valorization of reified value that the mature Marx identified in his critiques of political economy as the essential nature of capitalism. Such critical insight is necessary for orientation also in today’s predicament of the ever more encroaching and ensnaring cyberworld.

AUDITORS' LIABILITY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE EUROPEAN FINANCIAL MARKETS

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Doralt ◽  
Alexander Hellgardt ◽  
Klaus J. Hopt ◽  
Patrick C. Leyens ◽  
Markus Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Max Planck ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
International Private Law ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Set Up

In 2007 the European Commission produced a Staff Working Paper seeking consultation on the development of auditors' liability in Europe. The present article represents the views of the Working Group on the subject set up by the Max Planck Institute for Comparative and International Private Law in Hamburg.

Pyrrho (c.365–c.275 BC)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Brunschwig
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Patron Saint ◽  
Sextus Empiricus ◽  
Greek Philosopher ◽  
Extensive Documentation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Suspension Of Judgment ◽  
Pyrrhonian Scepticism

The Greek philosopher Pyrrho of Elis gave his name first to the most influential version of ancient scepticism (Pyrrhonism), and later to scepticism as such (pyrrhonism). Like Socrates, he wrote nothing, despite which – or thanks to which – he too became one of the great figures of philosophy. Although he has vanished behind his own legend, he must have helped nurture that legend: his unique personality palpably exercised an unequalled fascination on his acquaintances, and through them, on many others. We possess, thanks especially to Sextus Empiricus, extensive documentation of what can be called ‘Neo-Pyrrhonian’ scepticism, because from the time of Aenesidemus (first century bc) it invoked Pyrrho as its patron saint. But Pyrrho’s own thought is hard to recover. The documentary evidence for him is mainly anecdotal, and the principal doxography is more or less directly dependent on his leading disciple Timon of Phlius, who managed to present himself as Pyrrho’s mere ‘spokesman’, but who was in fact perhaps rather more than that. The main question, which is still unanswered, is whether Pyrrho was primarily or even solely a moralist, the champion of an ethical outlook based on indifference and insensibility, or whether he had already explicitly set up the weaponry of the sceptical critique of knowledge which underlies the epistemological watchword ‘suspension of judgment’.

The Educational Activities of Fray Alonso de la Vera Cruz in Sixteenth Century Mexico

1948 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-47
Author(s):  
John F. Blethen
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
Ghost Town ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Right ◽  
General Appearance

The Little Pueblo of Tiripetío lies at the foot of a mountain near Morelia in the state of Michoacán. Its Indian name means “place of gold”, but the adobe houses with their straw roofs plus a general appearance of shabbiness belie such a title. Tiripetío, however, was not always a ghost town. In the sixteenth century it pulsed with life and activity. The life of the place centered about a convent of Augustinian friars, with its adjoining church, hospital and school. The name Vera Cruz is closely linked with this convent and school as with many other educational activities in sixteenth century Mexico. But like Tiripetío itself, which marked the scene of his early labours, the name of Alonso de la Vera Cruz has fallen into obscurity and today counts little, even with historians of his own Order. The recent work of Oswaldo Robles, a translation of one of Vera Cruz’s philosophic treatises, the Physica Speculano, (vd. The Americas, October 1944, under article: “Fray Alonso de la Vera Cruz and the Beginnings of Philosophic Speculation in the Americas”.) is truly a step in the right direction. It can only be hoped that the relatively settled political set-up in Mexico will open the way for a more thorough search for historical data on outstanding figures like Alonso de la Vera Cruz. The present article attempts, from the sources now at hand, to synthesize the many and varied activities in the field of education in which Vera Cruz engaged and to give an interpretation of the influence he exerted in the field of learning and in the development of the philosophic thought of his day in Mexico.

scholarly journals A Discussion of Aristotelianism and Machiavellianism in William Golding’s “Lord of the Flies” as a Children’s Dystopic Novel

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-77
Author(s):  
Nilay Erdem Ayyıldız
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Present Article ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Political Regimes ◽  
Lord Of The Flies ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Order Set

The present article analyses the representation of the political regimes in William Golding’s children’s dystopic novel, Lord of the Flies. Therefore, it, first of all, underlines the dystopian nature of the novel along with the features of plot, setting, characters and content to facilitate the reader to grasp the warning against totalitarianism throughout the novel. The study finds Aristotelian and Machiavellian philosophies of politics as highly convenient approaches to examine the political endeavours of the boys in the novel. As the key intention is to interrogate to what extent they fail or succeed in following the Aristotelianism and Machiavellianism, the paper presents a detailed comparative analysis of two separate philosophies to reveal their weaknesses and strengths in controlling people. The article then affirms that the order, set up through Aristotelianism, necessitates the repression of the evil, which is considerably tough for a ruler while the evil empowers Machiavellian totalitarians who turn citizens’ lives into a nightmare.

scholarly journals Una nova proposta d’identificació de l’«alqueria mia per nom Xilvella» de la crònica de Ramon Muntaner: les Cases de Bàrcena, al nord de la ciutat de València

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Vicent Baydal Sala ◽  
Ferran Esquilache Martí
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
James I ◽  
Current Term ◽  
The City

  Resum: Tradicionalment s’ha identificat l’«alqueria mia per nom Xilvella» on comença la crònica de Ramon Muntaner amb l’actual municipi de Xirivella, al sud de la ciutat de València, tot i que alhora sempre s’han mantingut dubtes, atesa la manca de proves documentals que ho confirmaren i l’existència d’algunes que ho desmentien. En el present article proposem una altra localització per a l’alqueria de Ramon Muntaner: l’explotació rural que apareix al Llibre del Repartiment de Jaume I com a Xilvella al-Xarquia, en l’actual pedania de les Cases de Bàrcena, al nord de la mateixa ciutat de València. Diversos indicis documentals i paisatgístics així ho assenyalen.   Paraules clau: Ramon Muntaner, Xilvella, Les Cases de Bàrcena, Xirivella, cròniques   Abstract: “My farm called Xilvella” where Ramon Muntaner’s chronicle begins has been traditionally identified with the current municipality of Xirivella, south of the city of Valencia, although at the same time doubts have always remained, given the lack of documentary evidence to confirm it and the existence of some to disprove it. In this article we propose another location for the farm of Ramon Muntaner, that is, the rural area that appears in the Llibre del Repartiment of James I as Xilvella al-Xarquia, in the current term of Les Cases de Bàrcena, a district north of the same city of Valencia. Several documentary and landscape indications point this out.   Keywords: Ramon Muntaner, Xilvella, Les Cases de Bàrcena, Xirivella, chronicles  

scholarly journals Towards a new monolingual Hungarian explanatory dictionary

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (29) ◽  
pp. 83-96
Author(s):  
Veronika Lipp ◽  
László Simon
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Lexical Knowledge ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Hungarian Language

The Lexical Knowledge Representation Research Group at the Department of Lexicology is one of the youngest research groups of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, founded in February 2020. The group is currently working on a new version of a monolingual explanatory dictionary partly based on The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language. The aim is to compile an up-to-date online dictionary of contemporary Hungarian (2001–2020) by corpus-driven methods. The present article describes The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language and the Comprehensive Dictionary of Hungarian by presenting their history, the circumstances of their compilation, and the basic editorial guidelines. Then it outlines how the corpus for the planned dictionary is to be set up and how this corpus is to be analysed.

Improved Techniques in Palatography and Kymography

1950 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 771-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Firth ◽  
H. J. F. Adam
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
English School ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Descriptive Linguistics ◽  
Verbal Statement ◽  
Set Up ◽  
General Linguistic ◽  
Speech Events ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Made In

Since the early ‘thirties we have found it necessary constantly and independently to review the sort of abstractions usually made in descriptive linguistics, and in making new ones to refer them to a schematic framework of levels, at each one of which some component of meaning could be handled by a system of constructs and stated.Professor Panconcelli-Calzia seems only recently to have awakened to the idea that four-fifths of linguistics, including even experimental phonetics, is invention rather than discovery. The work of the English school of phonetics since the time of the Bells has been rich in invention, and earned the inadequate description of being “practical”. In the best sense of the word, descriptive linguistics must be practical, since its abstractions, fictions, inventions, call them what you will, are designed to handle instances of speech, spoken or written, and make statements of the meaning of what may be called typical speech events. All these fictions, whether made by machines or by direct verbal statement may perhaps be figuratively described as “asymptotic”.If we are constantly mindful of the different levels of abstraction and the nature of the fictions set up, the inventions of kymography and palatography and the inventions of phonology or other branches of linguistics may be brought into relation and used to justify one another mutually.The purpose of the present article is to give an illustration of the pressure of “invention” at the levels of phonology and even of general linguistic theory, which has led to ancillary “inventions” in the laboratory.

Codification and Development of International Law

1955 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Lauterpacht
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Present Article ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Set Up ◽  
International Law Commission ◽  
Law Commission ◽  
First Session

The object of the present article is to survey the problems and to assess the achievements and prospects of the codification of international law within the United Nations in the light of the experience of the first five years of the activity of the International Law Commission. The Charter, in Article 13, imposes upon the General Assembly the obligation to “initiate studies and to make recommendations … for the purpose of encouraging the progressive development of international law and its codification.” In pursuance of that article the General Assembly set up the International Law Commission and adopted a Statute regulating its functions and organization. The first session of the Commission took place in 1949. Since then, it has been meeting in yearly sessions lasting between eight and eleven weeks.

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