scholarly journals Una nova proposta d’identificació de l’«alqueria mia per nom Xilvella» de la crònica de Ramon Muntaner: les Cases de Bàrcena, al nord de la ciutat de València

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Vicent Baydal Sala ◽  
Ferran Esquilache Martí
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
James I ◽  
Current Term ◽  
The City

  Resum: Tradicionalment s’ha identificat l’«alqueria mia per nom Xilvella» on comença la crònica de Ramon Muntaner amb l’actual municipi de Xirivella, al sud de la ciutat de València, tot i que alhora sempre s’han mantingut dubtes, atesa la manca de proves documentals que ho confirmaren i l’existència d’algunes que ho desmentien. En el present article proposem una altra localització per a l’alqueria de Ramon Muntaner: l’explotació rural que apareix al Llibre del Repartiment de Jaume I com a Xilvella al-Xarquia, en l’actual pedania de les Cases de Bàrcena, al nord de la mateixa ciutat de València. Diversos indicis documentals i paisatgístics així ho assenyalen.   Paraules clau: Ramon Muntaner, Xilvella, Les Cases de Bàrcena, Xirivella, cròniques   Abstract: “My farm called Xilvella” where Ramon Muntaner’s chronicle begins has been traditionally identified with the current municipality of Xirivella, south of the city of Valencia, although at the same time doubts have always remained, given the lack of documentary evidence to confirm it and the existence of some to disprove it. In this article we propose another location for the farm of Ramon Muntaner, that is, the rural area that appears in the Llibre del Repartiment of James I as Xilvella al-Xarquia, in the current term of Les Cases de Bàrcena, a district north of the same city of Valencia. Several documentary and landscape indications point this out.   Keywords: Ramon Muntaner, Xilvella, Les Cases de Bàrcena, Xirivella, chronicles  

scholarly journals Changes in Water Quality of the River das Antas as It Passes through Rural and Urban Areas

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Valdemir Antoneli ◽  
Manuel Pulido-Fernández ◽  
João Anésio Bednarz ◽  
Leonardo Brandes ◽  
Michael Vrahnakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
The City

The catchment area of River das Antas (Irati, Paraná, Brazil) is of high importance both for human consumption and irrigation. Within Irati, this river passes through a rural area and through the city of Irati, crossing both poor and rich neighbourhoods. We selected three study areas downstream (a rural area, poor community, and rich neighbourhood) in which we measured turbidity, the concentration of sediments and pH during rainy days. Our results showed downstream trends of increasing turbidity and concentrations of sediments with decreasing pH. The values of turbidity and of concentration of sediments were significantly different in the rural area, while the pH values were significantly different between the three study areas. These findings highlight the effect of agricultural activities in the generation of sediments and turbidity. The—presumably expected—effects of organic urban waste from the poor neighbourhood were also detected in the pH values. We conclude that efforts should be made to ensure that land planning and training/education programmes on sustainable farming practices are undertaken by the authorities to reduce water pollution and its effects on water bodies during rainfall events, since paving streets is not a feasible option in the short term due to the high costs associated with this measure.

ASIF Approach to Solve the Green Traveling Salesman Problem

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Haroun Sabry ◽  
Jamal Benhra ◽  
Abdelkabir Bacha
Keyword(s):  
Objective Function ◽  
Ant Colony Optimization ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Traveling Salesman Problem ◽  
Real World ◽  
Transportation Problem ◽  
Problem Formulation ◽  
Traveling Salesman ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The City

The present article describes a contribution to solve transportation problems with green constraints. The aim is to solve an urban traveling salesman problem where the objective function is the total emitted CO2. We start by adapting ASIF approach for calculating CO2 emissions to the urban logistics problem. Then, we solve it using ant colony optimization metaheuristic. The problem formulation and solving will both work under a web-based mapping platform. The selected problem is a real-world NP-hard transportation problem in the city of Casablanca.

Urban Change in Early Medieval Italy: The Example of Pavia

1966 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 82-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Bullough
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Social History ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
Medieval Studies ◽  
Medieval Italy ◽  
Warm Hospitality ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

Prefatory Note.—My interest in Pavia goes back at least to 1951 when I was elected Rome Scholar in Medieval Studies. I began seriously to collect material for the history of the city in the early Middle Ages in the winter and spring of 1953 when I enjoyed the warm hospitality of the Collegio Ghislieri, thanks to the efforts made on my behalf by the late Hugh Last, to whose memory this article is dedicated. The published proceedings of the Reichenau and Spoleto congresses on ‘The early medieval town’ in the 1950s clearly underlined the need for detailed studies of particular towns; but the lack of adequate archaeological evidence discouraged me from attempting such a study of early medieval Pavia. In 1964, however, Dr. A. Peroni, Director of the Museo Civico invited me to read a supplementary paper on this topic to the Convegno di Studio sul Centro Storico di Pavia held in the Università degli Studi at Pavia on July 4th and 5th of that year. The present article is an amplified and corrected version of that paper: I have made no substantial alterations to my account of the ‘urbanistica’ of early medieval Pavia—written for an audience of architects and art-historians as well as of historians—but have dealt more fully with the social history of the city in this period. Professor Richard Krautheimer read a draft of the revised version and made some pointed and helpful comments. I am greatly indebted to Dr. Peroni, not merely for the invitation to present the original paper but also for supplying illustrations and answering queries at a time when he and his staff were engaged in helping to repair the ravages of the Florence floods.

scholarly journals Lo smarrimento come inizio in alcuni testi di Giuseppe Culicchia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Puto
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Space And Place ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Getting Lost ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Dimensions Of Space

The aim of the present article is to analyze the relationship between the city and the protagonists of Giuseppe Culicchia’s texts. The methodological perspective is that of cultural anthropology, in particular the concept of mente locale, discussed by Franco La Cecla. Mente locale, as a relationship between space and human mind, is vital in the act of getting lost in space (perdersi), which leads to getting to know it (orientarsi) and finally initiating the profound relationship based on emotivity. Culicchia’s texts are set in Turin, and the study points out the different ways of perception of the city. The analyzed texts represents the gradual acquisition of knowledge about the city that corresponds to the theoretical thesis that is how the anthropology of space and place illustrates the conceptual and material dimensions of space which is central to the production of social life, bringing classics of cultural anthropology together with new theoretical approaches.

The destruction and looting of cultural heritage sites by ISIS in Syria: The case of Manbij and its countryside

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-260
Author(s):  
Adnan Almohamad
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Income Source ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Primary Documents ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The City

AbstractThe Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) occupied the city of Manbij and its countryside from 23 January 2014 until 12 August 2016. During this period, the region suffered greatly as ISIS monopolized control and brutally imposed its ideology. Fierce battles were fought for the control of oil wells, bakeries, mills, dams, and power stations, all of which were sources of revenue. Antiquities were soon recognized as another potential income source. This article demonstrates the ways in which ISIS began to administer and facilitate the looting of antiquities through the Diwan Al-Rikaz. Within this diwan, ISIS established the Qasmu Al-Athar, which was specifically responsible for looting antiquities. Based on interviews conducted in 2015 and primary documents, this article studies the specific ways in which ISIS facilitated the quarrying and looting of antiquities in Manbij and the rich archaeological sites of its countryside. Further, by examining the damage at a previously undocumented archaeological site, Meshrefet Anz, the looting of antiquities under the direct supervision of the Diwan Al-Rikaz is studied. Using documentary evidence including ISIS’s internal documentation as well as photographs collected by the author between 2014 and 2016, the article demonstrates the methods used by ISIS, reveals its financial motivations, and bears witness to the damage done at specific Syrian heritage sites.

When was Melaka founded and was it known earlier by another name? Exploring the debate between Gabriel Ferrand and Gerret Pieter Rouffaer, 1918−21, and its long echo in historiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 175-196
Author(s):  
Peter Borschberg
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Early History ◽  
Port City ◽  
Place Names ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
English Speaking World ◽  
The City

A century ago, research on the Malay world was experiencing major breakthroughs on several fronts, but the greatest achievement at the time was without doubt George Coedès’ ‘rediscovery’, based on Asian sources, of a forgotten kingdom named Srivijaya. His book, published in 1918, saw a wave of publications follow in its wake. Sources were trawled in the hope of finding answers to unresolved issues and unidentified place names. Attention invariably also fell on Melaka. In a long article published by the French academic and diplomat Gabriel Ferrand in the same year, the question of Melaka's founding date came under the spotlight. What do the different surviving sources tell us? What about Gaspar Correia's claim that Melaka was a thriving port city for centuries before the arrival of the Portuguese? Was the city — just as in the case of Temasek (Singapore) — known by a different name in earlier times? Ferrand's publication provoked a response from the Dutch academic Gerret Pieter Rouffaer, director of the KITLV. What he planned to be a 20-odd page response to Ferrand swelled into a multifaceted argument running into hundreds of pages. The debate between Ferrand and Rouffaer that touched on Melaka and Temasek-Singapura's early history probably eluded most of their academic contemporaries who were not proficient in both Dutch and French, especially in the English-speaking world. The present article reconstructs the main points of this debate together with their echo in historiography. It makes a contribution to the ongoing discourses, especially in Malaysia, concerning the founding date of Melaka.

scholarly journals Identification and Location of a Transitional Zone between an Urban and a Rural Area Using Fuzzy Set Theory, CLC, and HRL Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Biłozor ◽  
Szymon Czyża ◽  
Tomasz Bajerowski
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Set Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Fuzzy Set Theory ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
City Centre ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Changes in land use, which accompany the development of towns, generate a transitional zone on the border between areas of urban and rural use, which—due to its complex (unspecified, fuzzy) land use—cannot be identified either as a rural or an urban area. In order to prevent the unplanned development, it should go according to plan, in line with the spatial order principles, making a coherent whole, taking into account all functional, socio-economic, cultural, as well as aesthetic factors and requirements. This paper describes studies and analyses of the fuzzy set theory applicability in studies of land use in areas around towns. The main aim of the study was to present the methodology, which employs fuzzy logic to identify and locate a transitional zone between rural and urban areas. This study dealt with the transitional zone at the junction of the urban and rural area and its parameters, which affect the type of land use. The attributes of the transitional zone were defined based on an analysis of current land use methods in areas under direct urbanisation pressure. The study was conducted in the city of Olsztyn (Poland) and on its outskirts, directly exposed to the impact of the developing city, with an area of 202.4 km2, within an 8-km radius of the city centre. The study determined the impact of individual forms of land use on the development of urban or rural use. The degree of each type of use—urban or rural—allowed for developing a fuzzy town and country model, identifying the urban investment border and its spatial dispersion, as well as identifying and locating the transitional zone between urban and rural areas. Moreover, land cover models based on the Corine land cover (CLC) data as well as high-resolution layers (HRL) impervious and canopy data were developed. The borders of urban investment determined on the basis of the fuzzy set theory assumptions, CLC, and HRL data were also identified and verified.

scholarly journals Pylos and Sphacteria

1898 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 147-159
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Complete Collection ◽  
Early Number ◽  
Set Up

In my first article on Pylos and Sphacteria I made the rash promise that in an early number of this Journal I would support my theories by documentary evidence. It is with shame that I realise that this is now two years ago. Various circumstances have delayed me. I have been unable to visit Greece again myself, and the friends who were kind enough to do the work for me were constantly baulked by the storminess of the place. Not only was it often impossible to set up a camera ὁπότε πνεῦμα ἐκ πόντου εἴη but even to reach Sphacteria at all. Of the Pylian boatmen, as I know from my own experience, it cannot be said that ἀφειδὴς ὁ κατάπλους καθέστηκε It is only as a patchwork of the results of three different expeditions that I am now in a position to publish a plan of the παλαιὸν ἔρυμα and a fairly complete collection of photographs. In the present article my business will be to act as showman to this series; I have little new to add, and, happily, no fresh opponent to meet. My collaborators have, I think, on practically every point on which they have expressed an opinion, given their support to my views.

Reconstructing a hydraulic model for historic flood levels in the city of Bath, United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioanna Stamataki ◽  
Thomas Kjeldsen
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Hydraulic Model ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Roughness Coefficient ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
The City

<p>Assessing the risk of future flood events and the implications for flood risk in cities is an economically and socially costly problem. In this research, we assess the utility of documentary evidence of past flood events for contemporary flood risk assessments to reduce the uncertainty in flood frequency estimation due to the interpolation from short annual maximum series (AMS) records.</p><p>The historical city of Bath, United Kingdom, developed in close relation to the River Avon, and evidence of flooding in the city of Bath can be traced back to Roman occupation. For this research a particularly rich record of historical evidence was chosen occurring from the 19<sup>th</sup> century onwards with flood marks on buildings through-out the city as well as documentary evidence in contemporary newspapers and technical reports. The earliest flood mark found in the city of Bath dates to 1823 with 15 more extreme floods after that marked as well. The extensive flooding in 1947 initiated work on what eventually became the present-day Bath flood protection scheme (BFS) which was implemented after the 1960 catalyst flood event.</p><p>Using an existing one-dimensional hydraulic model representing the current hydraulic system of the River Avon in Bath, a historical survey of how the river and its management has changed over time was conducted. The model was developed using historical evidence (e.g. maps, flood marks, photographs, newspaper articles etc), surveyed river cross sections, recorded and design hydrographs from National datasets.</p><p>The 1960 flood is reconstructed numerically using all available data, from flood marks to old surveyed river cross sections.  The resulting hydraulic model is used to investigate the effect of the Bath Flood Defence Scheme. Sensitivity studies with different values for the roughness coefficient are also presented in order to assess the uncertainty on water levels during extreme events. Finally, the numerically reconstructed historical peak flood discharge is compared with the results obtained using a simple Manning equation approach to assess the two methods. This paper demonstrates how hydraulic modelling can be applied to historical data and offers considerable potential to further investigations in the improvement of design flood flows.</p>

Sovereign Counterfeits: The Trial of the Pyx

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 334-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Wortham
Keyword(s):  
James I ◽  
Royal Power ◽  
Formal Testing ◽  
City Of London ◽  
The City ◽  
Current Standards

On 9 May 1611 James I broke with a royal custom that had been established for more than a century of Tudor rule. He attended the trial of the pyx at the Royal Mint in the city of London. This yearly ceremony was for the formal testing of sovereign moneys. It was designed to ensure that the manufacture of various denominations conformed to current standards set by the crown. While his Tudor predecessors had allowed previous trials to continue unattended by majesty, James's presence at the pyx in 1611 provided the occasion for a striking display of royal power.

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