A New Approach to Taxation of Investments in Less Developed Countries: A Comparison of Tax Laws in the United States and in West Germany

1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietrich von Boetticher
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Tax Laws

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregg A. Brazinsky
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Cold War

The conclusion seeks to draw out some of the manuscript’s lessons for China, the United States, and less developed countries. It looks briefly at current Sino-American competition in Africa and parts of Asia and draws comparisons with the Cold War period, pointing to both similarities and differences. Although the dimensions of Chinese involvement in these regions have changed, some of the PRC’s motives remain the same.

The Generalized System of Preferences of the United States: Does It Promote Industrialization and Economic Growth in Least Developed Countries?

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caf Dowlah
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Generalized System ◽  
Generalized System Of Preferences

The Generalized System of Preferences (GSP)—a system of differential and favorable trade arrangements toward less developed countries, adopted by the General Agreement on Tariff and Trade (GATT)—has been around since the early 1970s. A primary objective of these schemes has been to promote industrialization and economic growth in less developed countries through trade rather than aid. The outcome of such programs has, however, been mixed. This paper identifies some of the underlying political and economic dynamics which led to the dismal performance of the GSP schemes of the United States in respect to the industrialization and economic growth of the Least Developed Countries (LDCs). The paper suggests that the effectiveness of GSP schemes could be significantly improved if they were brought under the binding WTO rules, if greater resources were directed to removing supply constraints in the LDCs, and if developed countries granted unwavering market access to LDC exports.

Decentralisation in Planning and Economic Decision-Making in Ghana

1975 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
Leslie E. Grayson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Economic Decision ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Economic Decision Making ◽  
General Guide

‘The general guide should be to transfer power to the smallest unit consistent with the scale of the problem.’ This quotation is based on the experience of the United States, but should be even more applicable to less-developed countries, because of their poor system of communications. In this article I shall examine the attempts to decentralise planning and economic decision-making in Ghana, analyse the rationale for such moves away from centralisation, and evaluate the Ghanaian experience against the existing body of knowledge on this subject and the special local conditions that are relevant.

Erasmus Lecture 2005 From science to education: the need for a revolution

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIERRE LÉNA
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Scientific Literacy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Elementary Level ◽  
Education For All ◽  
New Developments ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Education Practice ◽  
The World

Primary education for all seems on the way to being achieved throughout the world within a couple of decades, despite the deep inequalities and lack of resources that remain. Science education at an elementary level, during the first years of school, should now be considered as essential to the cultural, civic, ethical, economic and technical development of humans and societies, in a context of globalization, as the triad ‘reading–writing–arithmetic’ has been during the two last centuries. Yet current education practice – which often characterizes science lessons in developed countries as well as in developing ones, when they exist at all – is quite unsatisfactory, as it is more concerned with transferring knowledge of facts than with scientific literacy, and misses the goal of capacity building. New developments in the last decade, based on inquiry pedagogy and often proposed or led by science Academies, have demonstrated another way to communicate science, and to involve and train teachers. In France, the United States and Sweden, but also in China, Brazil and Egypt, the results of this new approach have led to great hopes for transformation, fully supported by science academies. In Europe, a recently implemented EU programme aims at similar goals, in the spirit of the Lisbon objectives toward a society of knowledge.

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

1963 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 306-309 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Secondary Products ◽  
Primary Products

The twentieth session of the Contracting Parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was held at Geneva from October 23 to November 16, 1962. The Contracting Parties decided to convene a ministerial meeting in the early part of 1963 to consider a program for effective liberalization and expansion of trade in both primary and secondary products. In this connection, full weight would be attached to the importance and urgency of negotiating solutions to the problems of trade in primary products and to the additional trade problems of less developed countries. The proposal that such a meeting should be held was made jointly by the governments of the United States and Canada.

scholarly journals Solar—A New Open Access Journal for Solar Technologies

Solar ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-3
Author(s):  
Juergen H. Werner
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Open Access Journal ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Temperature Records

Climate change and the consequential environmental catastrophes are real, not only in less developed countries of the so-called “Global South” but also in so-called industrialized and “well-developed” areas of the world! Just within the last few months and years, we have seen high-temperature records in the United States, fire disasters in Canada, Australia, Greece, Italy, and Spain [...]

scholarly journals The Economic Implications of a Complete Free Trade and an Alternative Form of Free Trade in Sugar Through 1980

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-358
Author(s):  
M. Raquibuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alternative Form ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Trade Restrictions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries

In recent years, it has been emphasized by many economists that the less developed countries cannot achieve self-sustaining economic growth unless they are given fair opportunities to sell their exportables in the world market. It is argued that the less developed countries are losing potential investment resources as a result of trade restrictions imposed by the developed countries on primary commodities. Sugar provides an example of a commodity whose free entry into world trade has been restricted by the United States and most of the developed countries of Europe. Sugar is the principle earner of foreign exchange for many developing countries. A decrease in the quantity of exports or a fall in the price has an important impact on the overall development of their economies. In recent years, the world production of centrifugal sugar has ranged between 64 and 66 million metric tons of raw sugar. Of this total production, Europe's share ranged from 23 to 24 million tons, or approximately 36 per cent. The United States, including Hawaii, produced approximately 5 million tons. Thus, nearly 50 per cent of world sugar production comes from the developed countries.

Some Aspects of the “Value” of Less-developed Countries to the United States

1963 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Wolf
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
World Today ◽  
Precise Sense ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The World

If one thinks seriously about any of the major international trouble spots in the world today, one soon confronts the problem of what really is the “value” of, for example, Cuba, Berlin, or Laos to the United States. The view put forward in this article is that, while the question is unanswerable in a rigorous and precise sense, some useful things can be said in approaching it, and in trying to distinguish between more and less unsatisfactory answers to it. In principle, of course, the value of other countries to the United States includes that of the advanced countries, and, most significantly, of Western Europe. The present article, however, will be primarily concerned with the value of less-developed countries to the United States, and with their value in certain extreme contingencies over a time period that is relatively short from the standpoint of history, though somewhat longer from the standpoint of economics.

The Washington Consensus, liberal ideas and terms of the military-technological policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2103-2123
Author(s):  
V.L. Gladyshevskii ◽  
E.V. Gorgola ◽  
D.V. Khudyakov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
Industrial Complexes ◽  
The Military

Subject. In the twentieth century, the most developed countries formed a permanent military economy represented by military-industrial complexes, which began to perform almost a system-forming role in national economies, acting as the basis for ensuring national security, and being an independent military and political force. The United States is pursuing a pronounced militaristic policy, has almost begun to unleash a new "cold war" against Russia and to unwind the arms race, on the one hand, trying to exhaust the enemy's economy, on the other hand, to reindustrialize its own economy, relying on the military-industrial complex. Objectives. We examine the evolution, main features and operational distinctions of the military-industrial complex of the United States and that of the Russian Federation, revealing sources of their military-technological and military-economic advancement in comparison with other countries. Methods. The study uses military-economic analysis, scientific and methodological apparatus of modern institutionalism. Results. Regulating the national economy and constant monitoring of budget financing contribute to the rise of military production, especially in the context of austerity and crisis phenomena, which, in particular, justifies the irrelevance of institutionalists' conclusions about increasing transaction costs and intensifying centralization in the industrial production management with respect to to the military-industrial complex. Conclusions. Proving to be much more efficient, the domestic military-industrial complex, without having such access to finance as the U.S. military monopolies, should certainly evolve and progress, strengthening the coordination, manageability, planning, maximum cost reduction, increasing labor productivity, and implementing an internal quality system with the active involvement of the State and its resources.

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