The impact of changing value systems on social inclusion:

2018 ◽  
pp. 109-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Phillips ◽  
Kevin H.C. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
The Impact

Collectivistic Leadership in Context: An Examination of How and When Collective Charismatic Leadership Relates to Unit Functioning

2021 ◽  
pp. 154805182098653
Author(s):  
Jonathan C. Ziegert ◽  
David M. Mayer ◽  
Ronald F. Piccolo ◽  
Katrina A. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Charismatic Leadership ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Collective Leadership ◽  
Contingency Perspective ◽  
The Impact

This research explores the nature of collective leadership by examining the boundary conditions of how and when it relates to unit functioning. Building from a contingency perspective that considers the impact of contextual factors, we propose that collective charismatic leadership will be associated with lowered unit conflict, and this relationship will be strengthened by the contingency elements of individual charismatic leadership, task complexity, and social inclusion. Furthermore, we propose that the interactions of collective charismatic leadership with these contextual factors will relate to performance and satisfaction through conflict. We examine our hypotheses across two unit-level field studies, and the results illustrated that high levels of these contextual factors enhanced the negative relationship between collective charismatic leadership and conflict, which generally mediated the relationships between these interactive effects and performance and satisfaction. The results also highlight the detrimental aspects of collective leadership and how it can relate to reduced unit functioning when it is not aligned with an appropriate context. Overall, these findings begin to provide a more complete picture of collective leadership from a contingency perspective through a greater understanding of when and how it is related to unit functioning.

scholarly journals The potential for person-centred planning to support the community participation of adults with an intellectual disability

2021 ◽  
pp. 174462952110221
Author(s):  
Darren McCausland ◽  
Esther Murphy ◽  
Mary McCarron ◽  
Philip McCallion
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Qualitative Case Studies ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Person-centred planning (PCP) puts individuals with an intellectual disability at the centre of service and support planning, identifying how individuals wish to live their lives and what is needed to make that possible. PCP has been identified as having the potential to facilitate improved social inclusion and community participation. A mixed-methods approach combined quantitative analyses with qualitative case studies of individuals with severe-profound intellectual disability to assess the impact of PCP on community participation for adults with an intellectual disability at a disability service in Dublin. We conclude that PCP may provide a good basis to plan community participation and, with the right supports in place, may provide opportunities for people with complex needs to improve their community participation. Supports including familiar staff and family are critical to the success of PCP for people with complex needs, and their absence may undermine the best intentions of PCP for this population.

Impact of values on the learning approaches of Chinese construction students in Hong Kong

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-yung Leung ◽  
Chen Dongyu ◽  
Anita M.M. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Personal Integrity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Learning Behaviours ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of personal values on students’ learning behaviours. Hong Kong construction students are often criticized, by both practitioners and educators, as rote learners. To improve students’ learning processes, extensive research on a variety of aspects of construction education has been conducted. However, limited attention has been paid to the influence of personal values on students’ learning behaviours. The impact of personal value factors on the learning approaches of Chinese construction students in Hong Kong is investigated. Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire survey was conducted to ethically Chinese construction students in four universities in Hong Kong. A total of 820 questionnaires were distributed and 431 valid returns were collected. Findings – The survey identified six influential values (namely, personal integrity, conservatism, determination, discipline, interpersonal relationships, and achievement), and shows that students who emphasize the virtues of personal integrity, determination, and a positive attitude toward achievement are better able to handle their interpersonal relationships, which will eventually lead them to engage in deep learning. Originality/value – Work to develop appropriate value systems is thus recommended in freshmen courses, as is the use of cooperative learning approaches. Such value systems will have a long-term influence on the learning approaches of construction students.

scholarly journals Ethical Issues of Organ Transplantation in Islam

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
M Mostafa Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Proxy Consent ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Scientists and clinicians must become familiar with the factors that affect the emotional, physical, and spiritual health of their patients that are outside the ken of the traditionally dominant value systems. Although many researchers have addressed the cultural and ethnical factors, very few have considered the impact of religion. Islam, as the largest and fastestgrowing religion in the world, has adherents throughout the world, presents a complete moral, ethical, and medical framework, while it sometimes concurs conflicts with the conventional and secular ethical framework. This paper introduces to the Islamic principles of ethics in organ transplantation involving human subject to address issues of religion and religious ethics. Historical reflections are discussed as to why Muslim thinkers were late to consider contemporary medical issues such as organ donation. Islam respects life and values need of the living over the dead, thus allowing organ donation to be considered in certain circumstances. The sources of Islamic law are discussed in brief to see how the parameters of organ transplantation are derived. The Islamic perception, both Shiite and Sunni, is examined in relation to organ donation and its various sources. The advantages and disadvantages of brain dead and cadaveric donation are reviewed with technical and ethical considerations. The Islamic concept of brain death, informed and proxy consent are also discussed. The concept of rewarded donation as a way to alleviate the shortage of organs available for transplantation is assessed.    doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3230 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 97-103

scholarly journals Exploring a circular business model: Insights from the institutional theory perspective and the business model lens

2021 ◽  
pp. 146575032110555
Author(s):  
Ufuk Alpsahin Cullen
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Business Modelling ◽  
Environmental Value ◽  
Value Cocreation ◽  
Business Profitability ◽  
Paradigmatic Change ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact

Circular entrepreneurship is becoming a new, promising reality, in the manner of needed radical paradigmatic change in the era of Anthropocene. Circular entrepreneurs intend to create social and environmental value while they build financially viable businesses. They are embedded in multiple institutionalised value systems that they are expected to adhere to. Those institutionalised systems provide circular entrepreneurs with different, in many cases, contradictory norms, values and guiding principles. Substantial amount of research has been done to date to examine the impact of institutions on entrepreneurial endeavours. And yet, research lacks sufficient insights into how circular entrepreneurs engage with the institutional structures in designing business models on a financially feasible ground while creating social and environmental value. To address this, this paper investigates how circular entrepreneurs respond to the value systems of surrounding institutions in business modelling and how two fundamental aspects of embeddedness, namely resource integration and value cocreation, are achieved within a circular business model that is coherent in itself and with the entrepreneur's ambitions. Both the institutional context and the institutional logics surrounding entrepreneurs are examined to comprehend the surrounding institutional systems more in-depth and extensively. By analysing a longitudinal in-depth case study, this article aims to develop better insights into circular business modelling and underlying mechanisms of embeddedness. The case is a born-circular small cidermaker in Cornwall (UK), namely Wasted Apple. The findings show that the circular entrepreneur is surrounded by dominant normative institutions forming the principles of business model design. circular entrepreneurs mark fidelity to the institutional norms to obtain a range of microcompetencies and to manage integrated hybrid tensions within the value creation system. And therefore, a circular business model is a more holistic and inclusive structure as compared to a typical conventional linear business model. And yet, paradoxically embeddedness facilitates business survival but hinders strategic business planning as well as business profitability and growth.

scholarly journals Architectural design approach for morphing smart cities in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina García-Luna Romero
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Background Information ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Impact

This academic work aims to provide an intricate definition of the terms at hand as well as explain the relationship between smart cities and the sustainable development that they present based on a comparative analysis of case studies and experiences in the Mexican context. The endeavour to achieve being an architectural proposal of an innovative solution adapted to current conditions that will be carried out by an academic team, thus incorporating sustainable criteria, universal accessibility and social inclusion. This research work reflects the theoretical aspect, providing an intricate academic reflection and giving background information also establishing the complexity that lies within Latin American metropolis emphasizing in Mexican cities, as to provide insight into the academic dynamics in order to educate professionals on the field from an updated perspective in which they´ll be able to determine and analyse the implementation of smart cities from an architectural standpoint and the impact they would have on the quality of urban life in those Mexican cities.

scholarly journals Segregación Social y Desigualdad de Logros Educativos en Argentina

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Krüger
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Social Composition ◽  
The Social ◽  
Educational Risk ◽  
Socioeconomic Segregation ◽  
The Impact

This paper analyzes the impact of high school socioeconomic segregation on educational equity in Argentina. The presence of segregation means that students are unevenly distributed throughout the system, concentrating in certain schools according to their social origin. The aim is to assess whether this process can increase educational attainment inequality. Using the PISA 2009 database, multilevel models are estimated in order to examine the effects of schools` social composition on individual reading performance. The evidence supports the existence of significant compositional effects which help explain test score dispersion. This suggests that young people of low socioeconomic status face a double educational risk: i) an initial disadvantage related to their social and family background; and ii) a high probability of assisting a school with a vulnerable student population, where they may be exposed to negative peer effects. The findings support the need to consider the social composition of schools as a key educational policy factor, and the relevance of analyzing ways to promote social inclusion in the system.

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