VERBUM – virtual enhanced reality for building modelling (virtual technical tour in digital twins for building conservation)

The digital transformation of the construction sector is also involving cultural and architectural heritage conservation management to solve criticalities of information exchange in refurbishment/restoration, from the preliminary steps until the execution and monitoring of interventions. Nevertheless, time and resources required to complete digital models (point clouds, 3D meshes and HBIM model) are extensive and this can cause interruption of knowledge communication among professionals. The VERBuM project (Virtual Enhanced Reality For Building Modelling) aims at investigating how a central Virtual Technical Tour (VTT), would guarantee a continuous stream of information when other disruptive technologies are integrated in the process and their related products are linked to the VTT. The use of a VTT, based on 360° photos, may fill time and resources gaps as it is a rapid up-to-date and high-fidelityto-reality tool. The fostering of the paradigmatic change in refurbishment/restoration process requires the development of all-in-one digital environments for digital twinning of cultural and architectural heritage and its assessment, aware of potentialities and criticalities to be overcame. The research moves from stakeholders’ information requirements to implement the VERBuM process supported by the central VTT, editable via cloud-based platform (VERBuM product) to exchange digital contents, uploaded in different file format, but consulted in VR by all the involved actors via web services, without any software product installation. The tool has been evaluated via SWOT analysis supported by Task-Technology Fit (TTF) model and users’ perceptions. The results provide mitigation measures of threats related to distrust in use of VTT within working groups and fruition of point clouds, meshes and BIM models, possible via WebGL-based libraries.

Universality and Cultural Diversity in Moral Reasoning and Judgment

Many theories have shaped the concept of morality and its development by anchoring it in the realm of the social systems and values of each culture. This review discusses the current formulation of moral theories that attempt to explain cultural factors affecting moral judgment and reasoning. It aims to survey key criticisms that emerged in the past decades. In both cases, we highlight examples of cultural differences in morality, to show that there are cultural patterns of moral cognition in Westerners’ individualistic culture and Easterners’ collectivist culture. It suggests a paradigmatic change in this field by proposing pluralist “moralities” thought to be universal and rooted in the human evolutionary past. Notwithstanding, cultures vary substantially in their promotion and transmission of a multitude of moral reasonings and judgments. Depending on history, religious beliefs, social ecology, and institutional regulations (e.g., kinship structure and economic markets), each society develops a moral system emphasizing several moral orientations. This variability raises questions for normative theories of morality from a cross-cultural perspective. Consequently, we shed light on future descriptive work on morality to identify the cultural characteristics likely to impact the expression or development of reasoning, justification, argumentation, and moral judgment in Westerners’ individualistic culture and Easterners’ collectivist culture.

Exploring a circular business model: Insights from the institutional theory perspective and the business model lens

Circular entrepreneurship is becoming a new, promising reality, in the manner of needed radical paradigmatic change in the era of Anthropocene. Circular entrepreneurs intend to create social and environmental value while they build financially viable businesses. They are embedded in multiple institutionalised value systems that they are expected to adhere to. Those institutionalised systems provide circular entrepreneurs with different, in many cases, contradictory norms, values and guiding principles. Substantial amount of research has been done to date to examine the impact of institutions on entrepreneurial endeavours. And yet, research lacks sufficient insights into how circular entrepreneurs engage with the institutional structures in designing business models on a financially feasible ground while creating social and environmental value. To address this, this paper investigates how circular entrepreneurs respond to the value systems of surrounding institutions in business modelling and how two fundamental aspects of embeddedness, namely resource integration and value cocreation, are achieved within a circular business model that is coherent in itself and with the entrepreneur's ambitions. Both the institutional context and the institutional logics surrounding entrepreneurs are examined to comprehend the surrounding institutional systems more in-depth and extensively. By analysing a longitudinal in-depth case study, this article aims to develop better insights into circular business modelling and underlying mechanisms of embeddedness. The case is a born-circular small cidermaker in Cornwall (UK), namely Wasted Apple. The findings show that the circular entrepreneur is surrounded by dominant normative institutions forming the principles of business model design. circular entrepreneurs mark fidelity to the institutional norms to obtain a range of microcompetencies and to manage integrated hybrid tensions within the value creation system. And therefore, a circular business model is a more holistic and inclusive structure as compared to a typical conventional linear business model. And yet, paradoxically embeddedness facilitates business survival but hinders strategic business planning as well as business profitability and growth.

Towards competence-oriented higher education: a systematic literature review of the different perspectives on successful exit profiles

PurposeThe twenty-first century education system seeks to meet the societal demands of economic effectiveness and the unique professional development needs of individuals. This paper aims to discuss the qualities of competence-oriented educational processes and the recent movement towards competence-based curricula in higher education.Design/methodology/approachThis study follows a systematic literature review (SLR) methodology to explore the concept of competence within the context of educational science. The subsequent thematic synthesis analyses the findings of reviewed publications regarding graduate attributes in competence-oriented higher education and their perspectives and working-life expectations on exit profiles.FindingsInterest in competence-oriented education, training and learning has grown in recent years, resulting in numerous theoretical and technical pedagogical applications in higher education. Nonetheless, ambiguous terminology presents a significant challenge, which is demonstrated by the inconsistent language of the study's results. Moreover, there is an obvious need for teachers' in-service training. The qualitative synthesis of this article will be useful for both educational and working life sectors to inform and promote different perspectives on competence-oriented educational processes. A clear articulation of competences is crucial for reforming higher education to meet students' interests and recognise their work-life needs.Originality/valueThe concept of competence has been under-investigated in higher education research and practices. This study offers novel insights and practical implications for competence-oriented learning concerning the paradigmatic change across higher education.

SpaceX Hyperloop: a future technology disruption of the transportation system?

Purpose This paper aims to discuss the possibility that Hyperloop using air levitation technology would create a revolution in the future industry of transportation. It also analyses the financing dimension in bringing Hyperloop technology towards full-scale commercialisation. Design/methodology/approach The study uses a case study of SpaceX Hyperloop. The analyses if Hyperloop would bring about a paradigmatic shift in the transportation industry are based on the classical economic theories of technology S-curves (Utterback and Abernathy, 1975; Fisher and Pry, 1971) and Schumpeter’s model of economic development (Schumpeter, 1939, 1967). The three factors influencing a paradigmatic change (a shift in technoeconomic paradigm) according to Freeman and Perez (1988) are also explored. Findings The analyses of findings have shown that Hyperloop has not yet met three factors influencing a paradigmatic change. However, the Hyperloop technology has the potential to create a new market of mass transportation. In terms of technology financing, SpaceX needs the right financing infrastructure – corporate venture arm, the crowdfunding platform, initial coin offering, as well as debt and equity financing to accelerate the process of commercialisation. As the project moves forward, Hyperloop technology would create a market for itself (innovation to create the demand and not demand to create innovation).v Originality/value Although the body of literature on technology management is already voluminous, there has been a scarcity of past research devoted to elucidating the technology disruption and technology financing. This research study has applied the concepts of technology S-curves to better understand if SpaceX Hyperloop would bring about a paradigm shift or revolution in the future of the transportation industry. The research findings would help fill an identified knowledge gap in the body of research in technology disruption and financing.

Metáfora "árvore do conhecimento" na pesquisa saúde infantil/ambiente na Amazônia

Descrever a aplicabilidade da dinâmica de criatividade e sensibilidade ‘árvore do conhecimento’ do método criativo sensível com enfermeiros que atendem crianças na atenção primária em região da Amazônia durante as queimadas. A metáfora da árvore materializada na produção artística com as questões geradoras de debate, possibilitou um ambiente acolhedor, descontraído, com coletivização das experiências, determinando material empírico vertical, profundo e coerente. O espaço foi catalizador de reflexões críticas sobre o papel social e profissional do enfermeiro, preocupado com a sustentabilidade frente às particularidades ambientais, o grupo infantil e sua família. A dinâmica se manifesta como estratégia alternativa de se construir uma epistemologia na enfermagem com olhar sensível para a interface saúde e ambiente. Trata-se de uma mudança paradigmática desafiadora para a ciência, ao respeitar o sujeito na sua singularidade e repensar um novo lugar para os atores sociais, não mais passivo, mas ativo e interativo na produção do conhecimento.Descritores: Criatividade, Conhecimento, Enfermeiros, Ambiente. Metaphor “tree of knowledge” in child health/environment research in the AmazonAbstract: Describe the applicability of the creativity and sensitivity dynamics tree of knowledge of the sensitive creative method with nurses who care for children in primary care in the Amazon region during fires. The metaphor of the tree materialized in artistic production with the questions that generate debate, enabled a welcoming, relaxed environment, with collectivization of experiences, determining empirical vertical, deep and coherent material. Space was a catalyst for critical reflections on the social and professional role of nurses, concerned with sustainability in the face of environmental particularities, the child group, and their family. The dynamics manifest themselves as an alternative strategy to build an epistemology in nursing with a sensitive look at the interface between health and the environment. It is a challenging paradigmatic change for science, by respecting the subject in its uniqueness and rethinking a new place for social actors, no longer passive, but active and interactive in the production of knowledge.Descriptors: Creativity, Knowledge, Nurses, Environment. Metáfora “árbol del conocimiento” en la investigación de salud infantil/medio ambiente en la AmazoníaResumen: Describa la aplicabilidad de la dinámica de la creatividad y la sensibilidad del “árbol del conocimiento" del método creativo sensible con enfermeras que asisten a niños en atención primaria en la región amazónica durante los incendios. La metáfora del árbol materializada en la producción artística con las preguntas que generan debate, permitió un ambiente acogedor, relajado, con colectivización de experiencias, determinando material empírico vertical, profundo y coherente. El espacio fue un catalizador para reflexiones críticas sobre el papel social y profesional del enfermero, preocupado por la sostenibilidad frente a las particularidades ambientales, el grupo infantil y su familia. La dinámica se manifiesta como una estrategia alternativa para construir una epistemología en enfermería con una mirada sensible a la interfaz entre la salud y el medio ambiente. Es un cambio paradigmático desafiante para la ciencia, al respetar el tema en su singularidad y repensar un nuevo lugar para los actores sociales, ya no pasivos, sino activos e interactivos en la producción de conocimiento.Descriptores: Creatividad, Conocimiento, Enfermeros, Ambiente.

Animal rights – Jewish perspectives

This article raises the question why is it that, despite Jewish tradition devoting much thought to the status and treatment of animals and showing strict adherence to the notion of preventing their pain and suffering, ethical attitudes to animals are not dealt with systematically in the writings of Jewish philosophers and have not received sufficient attention in the context of moral monotheism. What has prevented the expansion of the golden rule: »Love your fellow as yourself: I am the LORD« (Lev 19,18) and »That which is hateful to you do not do to another« (BT Shabbat 31a:6; JT Nedarim 30b:1) to animals? Why is it that the moral responsibility for the fellow-man, the neighbor, or the other, has been understood as referring only to a human companion? Does the demand for absolute moral responsibility spoken from the face of the other, which Emmanuel Levinas emphasized in his ethics, not radiate from the face of the non-human other as well? Levinas’s ethics explicitly negates the principle of reciprocity and moral symmetry: The ›I‹ is committed to the other, regardless of the other’s attitude towards him. Does the affinity to the eternal Thou which Martin Buber also discovers in plants and animals not require a paradigmatic change in the attitude towards animals?

International Organizations and the Global Social Governance of Pensions

The chapter on international organizations (IOs) and the global social governance of pensions analyzes the way in which IOs have competed to shape the pensions discourse. It shows how the organizational field has been shaped by the dominant economic paradigm, which has created space for IOs to operate in the policy area. A paradigmatic change creates the environmental conditions for new IOs to enter the field and compete or cooperate with the existing IOs to shape the discourse. The intrinsic features of each IO operating in the pension reform arena will be shown to determine their approach to influencing the pensions discourse and how they respond to rivals entering the field.