COMMENTS ON THE POLLEN TYPES

This study aimed to characterize the honeys of Babors Kabylia through sensory, melissopalynological and physico-chemical parameters. Thirty samples of honey produced in this region were collected over a period of two years and analyzed. All the samples presented physico-chemical parameters in conformity with legislation on honey quality, with few exceptions, linked mainly to beekeeping management. The pollen spectrum revealed a great diversity with 96 pollen types. The main pollen types were spontaneous species as Fabaceae (Hedysarum, Trifolium, Genisteae plants), Asteraceae plants, Ericaceae (Erica arborea L.) or Myrtus and Pistacia. The sensory properties of samples showed a high tendency to crystallization, the colors were from white to brown, but most of them had gold color. Smell and odor corresponded mainly to vegetal and fruity families and in taste perceptions besides sweetness highlighted sourness and saltiness notes. Seventeen samples were polyfloral, one was from honeydew and twelve were monofloral from heather, genista plants, sulla, blackberry or Asteraceae. Heather and the honeydew samples showed the darkest color, the highest electrical conductivity and phenol and flavonoid content. A statistical analysis based on the most representative pollen types, sensory properties and some physico-chemical components allowed the differentiation of honey samples in terms of botanical origin.

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Pollen Source Affects Development and Behavioral Preferences in Honey Bees

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12020130 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 130

Author(s):

Jun Lan ◽

Guiling Ding ◽

Weihua Ma ◽

Yusuo Jiang ◽

Jiaxing Huang

Keyword(s):

Honey Bees ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Choice Test ◽

Physiological Status ◽

Significant Preference ◽

Hypopharyngeal Glands ◽

Pollen Types ◽

Behavioral Preferences ◽

Foraging Preference ◽

Pollen Consumption

With the availability of various plants in bloom simultaneously, honey bees prefer to collect some pollen types over others. To better understand pollen’s role as a reward for workers, we compared the digestibility and nutritional value of two pollen diets, namely, pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.) and apricot (Armeniaca sibirica L.). We investigated the visits, pollen consumption, and pollen extraction efficiency of caged Apis mellifera workers. Newly emerged workers were reared, and the effects of two pollen diets on their physiological status (the development of hypopharyngeal glands and ovaries) were compared. The choice-test experiments indicated a significant preference of A. mellifera workers for apricot pollen diets over pear pollen diets (number of bees landing, 29.5 ± 8.11 and 9.25 ± 5.10, p < 0.001 and pollen consumption, 0.052 ± 0.026 g/day and 0.033 ± 0.013 g/day, p < 0.05). Both pollen diets had comparable extraction efficiencies (67.63% for pear pollen and 67.73% for apricot pollen). Caged workers fed different pollen diets also exhibited similar ovarian development (p > 0.05). However, workers fed apricot pollen had significantly larger hypopharyngeal glands than those fed pear pollen (p < 0.001). Our results indicated that the benefits conferred to honey bees by different pollen diets may influence their foraging preference.

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Pollen Taphonomy in a Canyon Stream

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1016/0033-5894(87)90006-8 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 393-406 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Patricia L. Fall

Keyword(s):

Surface Soil ◽

Pollen Grains ◽

Close Correlation ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Alluvial Deposits ◽

Modern Pollen ◽

Pollen Types ◽

Pollen Rain ◽

Arid Steppe ◽

Turbulent Water

AbstractSurface soil samples from the forested Chuska Mountains to the arid steppe of the Chinle Valley, Northeastern Arizona, show close correlation between modern pollen rain and vegetation. In contrast, modern alluvium is dominated by Pinus pollen throughout the canyon; it reflects neither the surrounding floodplain nor plateau vegetation. Pollen in surface soils is deposited by wind; pollen grains in alluvium are deposited by a stream as sedimentary particles. Clay-size particles correlate significantly with Pinus, Quercus, and Populus pollen. These pollen types settle, as clay does, in slack water. Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthus, Artemisia, other Tubuliflorae, and indeterminate pollen types correlate with sand-size particles, and are deposited by more turbulent water. Fluctuating pollen frequencies in alluvial deposits are related to sedimentology and do not reflect the local or regional vegetation where the sediments were deposited. Alluvial pollen is unreliable for reconstruction of paleoenvironments.

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The Use of Ecological Tolerances for the Reconstruction of Tertiary Palaeoclimates

Australian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1071/bt96037 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 475 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Helene A. Martin

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Types ◽

Climatic Parameters ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Pollen Assemblage ◽

Pollen Types ◽

Living Species ◽

Marine Influence ◽

Lagarostrobos Franklinii ◽

Single Living ◽

Very High

The major vegetation types may be recognised from the pollen assemblage being deposited beneath them, hence the palaeovegetation may be reconstructed from fossil pollen assemblages. The climatic parameters of the vegetation may then be used to reconstruct palaeoclimates. The result, however, is very general. Most pollen types can only be affiliated with a family, a genus or a group of species and the ecological tolerances within these groups may not be uniform. There are, however, some distinctive pollen types that can be identified with a single living species and this paper examines the potential of these types in the reconstruction of palaeoclimates. Lagarostrobos franklinii (J.D.Hook) Quinn, Huon pine, has a long history and the fossil occurrences of it are compatible with the hypothesis that its ecological tolerances have not changed and it has always required very high humidity. Two sclerophyllous taxa,Eucalyptus spathulata Hook. and Dodonaea triquetra Wendl., however, coexisted with rainforest and then other vegetation types as the climate became drier, adapting to the prevailing conditions. The evidence suggests that the salt-tolerant E. spathulata may have evolved in small patches of coastal scrub, subjected to marine influence, within the dominant rainforest vegetation.

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Air Borne Pollen Types of Allergenic Significance in India

Experientia Supplementum - Advances in Aerobiology ◽

10.1007/978-3-0348-7491-5_11 ◽

1987 ◽

pp. 61-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. B. Singh

Keyword(s):

Pollen Types

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Taxonomic implications and evolutionary trends in pollen of Canadian Ericales

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b86-410 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 64 (12) ◽

pp. 3113-3126 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Barry G. Warner ◽

C. C. Chinnappa

Keyword(s):

Pollen Morphology ◽

Evolutionary Relationships ◽

Evolutionary Trends ◽

Fungal Symbiont ◽

Pollen Types ◽

Taxonomic Implications ◽

The Individual ◽

Individual Grains ◽

Evolutionary Progression ◽

Scanning Electron

The pollen of 61 of about 80 taxa of Ericales that occur in Canada are described through the use of light and scanning electron microscopy. Five main pollen types are recognized: (I) compact tetrads in which the individual grains are not clearly delimited when rolled and viewed in all positions, and possessing costae endopori or costae endocolpi, (II) tetrads in which the individual grains are clearly and consistently delimited, occasionally possessing costae endopori or costae endocolpi, (III) a category in which grains within the tetrad are not consistently delimited, and lack costae endopori or costae endocolpi, (IV) loose tetrads in which individual grains are poorly fused, and (V) monads. A key identifies general morphological distinctions among the pollen groups or species. This survey of the pollen morphology of the Ericales supports conventional taxonomic treatments. We favour treatment of Monotropaceae and Pyrolaceae as separate families and suggest the elevation of Orthila secunda to its own monotypic family. The Clethraceae and Orthila secunda may be better treated outside the Ericales. We propose that the tetrad pollen of most Ericales is a derived condition from the more primitive trizonocolporate monad of the Cyrillaceae, Clethraceae, and Orthila secunda. Subfamily Vaccinioideae (Ericaceae) and Empetraceae, through subfamily Rhododendroideae (Ericaceae), to Pyrola and Moneses (Pyrolaceae), and finally to Chimaphila (Pyrolaceae) represent the evolutionary progression based on a trend from compact tetrads to loose individual grains within the tetrad. Finally the most advanced group is represented by the zonoaperturate monads of the Monotropaceae. This evolutionary progression based on pollen morphology is in accord with general principles of tetrad formation during microsporogenesis and with evolutionary relationships suggested by the macromorphology, phytochemistry, embryology, and degree of dependence on a fungal symbiont.

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Melliferous flora and pollen characterization of honey samples of Apis mellifera L., 1758 in apiaries in the counties of Ubiratã and Nova Aurora, PR

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ◽

10.1590/s0001-37652013005000017 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 85 (1) ◽

pp. 307-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

ELIZABETE S. SEKINE ◽

VAGNER A.A. TOLEDO ◽

MARCELO G. CAXAMBU ◽

SUZANE CHMURA ◽

ELIZA H. TAKASHIBA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Apis Mellifera ◽

Native Species ◽

Ricinus Communis ◽

Cultivated Plants ◽

Melia Azedarach ◽

Native Vegetation ◽

Pollen Types ◽

Pollen Analyses

The aim of this study was to carry out a survey of the flora with potential for beekeeping in the counties of Ubiratã and Nova Aurora-PR through the collection of plants and pollen analyses in honey samples collected monthly. 208 species of plants were recorded, distributed in 66 families. The families that showed the major richness of pollen types were: Asteraceae, Myrtaceae and Solanaceae. Approximately 80 pollen types were found in honey samples, most of them were characterized as heterofloral. Cultivated plants, such as Glycine max (soybean) and Eucalyptus spp., were representative in some months of the year. Exotic species, such as Ricinus communis and Melia azedarach, were also frequent. However, over than 50% of the pollen types belong to native species of the region, such as Schinus terebinthifolius, Baccharis spp. Alchornea triplinervia, Parapiptadenia rigida, Hexaclamys edulis, Zanthoxylum sp. and Serjania spp., indicating the importance of the native vegetation for the survival of the colonies.

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Airborne pollen observations using a multi-wavelength Raman polarization lidar in Finland: characterization of pure pollen types

10.5194/acp-2020-794 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoxia Shang ◽

Elina Giannakaki ◽

Stephanie Bohlmann ◽

Maria Filioglou ◽

Annika Saarto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Properties ◽

Airborne Pollen ◽

Pollen Grains ◽

Wavelength Dependence ◽

Depolarization Ratio ◽

Mean Values ◽

Pollen Types ◽

Pine Pollen ◽

Significant Wavelength ◽

532 Nm

Abstract. We present a novel algorithm for characterizing the optical properties of pure pollen particles, based on the depolarization values obtained in lidar measurements. The algorithm was first tested and validated through a simulator, and then applied to the lidar observations during a four-month pollen campaign from May to August 2016 at the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) station in Kuopio (62°44′ N, 27°33′ E), in Eastern Finland. Twenty types of pollen were observed and identified from concurrent measurements with Burkard sampler; Birch (Betula), pine (Pinus), spruce (Picea) and nettle (Urtica) pollen were most abundant, contributing more than 90 % of total pollen load, regarding number concentrations. Mean values of lidar-derived optical properties in the pollen layer were retrieved for four intense pollination periods (IPPs). Lidar ratios at both 355 and 532 nm ranged from 55 to 70 sr for all pollen types, without significant wavelength-dependence. Enhanced depolarization ratio was found when there were pollen grains in the atmosphere, and even higher depolarization ratio (with mean values of 25 % or 14 %) was observed with presence of the more non-spherical spruce or pine pollen. The depolarization ratio at 532 nm of pure pollen particles was assessed, resulting to 24 ± 3 % and 36 ± 5 % for birch and pine pollen, respectively. Pollen optical properties at 1064 nm and 355 nm were also estimated. The backscatter-related Ångström exponent between 532 and 1064 nm was assessed as ~ 0.8 (~ 0.5) for pure birch (pine) pollen, thus the longer wavelength would be better choice to trace pollen in the air. The pollen depolarization ratio at 355 nm of 17 % and 30 % were found for birch and pine pollen, respectively. The depolarization values show a wavelength dependence for pollen. This can be the key parameter for pollen detection and characterization.

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Aeroallergens and Climate Change in Tulsa, Oklahoma: Long-Term Trends in the South Central United States

Frontiers in Allergy ◽

10.3389/falgy.2021.726445 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

Author(s):

Estelle Levetin

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

United States ◽

Pollen Season ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

The South ◽

South Central ◽

Pollen Types ◽

Central United States ◽

Total Pollen

Climate change is having a significant effect on many allergenic plants resulting in increased pollen production and shifts in plant phenology. Although these effects have been well-studied in some areas of the world, few studies have focused on long-term changes in allergenic pollen in the South Central United States. This study examined airborne pollen, temperature, and precipitation in Tulsa, Oklahoma over 25 to 34 years. Pollen was monitored with a Hirst-type spore trap on the roof of a building at the University of Tulsa and meteorology data were obtained from the National Weather Service. Changes in total pollen intensity were examined along with detailed analyses of the eight most abundant pollen types in the Tulsa atmosphere. In addition to pollen intensity, changes in pollen season start date, end date, peak date and season duration were also analyzed. Results show a trend to increasing temperatures with a significant increase in annual maximum temperature. There was a non-significant trend toward increasing total pollen and a significant increase in tree pollen over time. Several individual taxa showed significant increases in pollen intensity over the study period including spring Cupressaceae and Quercus pollen, while Ambrosia pollen showed a significant decrease. Data from the current study also indicated that the pollen season started earlier for spring pollinating trees and Poaceae. Significant correlations with preseason temperature may explain the earlier pollen season start dates along with a trend toward increasing March temperatures. More research is needed to understand the global impact of climate change on allergenic species, especially from other regions that have not been studied.

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