scholarly journals A randomized controlled trial of a power brush/irrigator/mouthrinse routine on plaque and gingivitis reduction in orthodontic patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Erbe ◽  
Malgorzata Klukowska ◽  
Hans C Timm ◽  
Matthew L Barker ◽  
Janneke van der Wielen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Gingival Inflammation ◽  
Gingival Bleeding ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Objectives: To assess plaque and gingivitis reduction in orthodontic patients after 4 weeks' use of an oscillating-rotating power brush, irrigator, and mouthrinse. Materials and Methods: This was a randomized, examiner-blind, clinical trial comparing plaque and gingivitis outcomes for an experimental power brush/irrigator/mouthrinse oral hygiene routine vs a dental prophylaxis followed by regular manual brushing (positive control). Fifty-one participants with fixed orthodontic appliances in the upper and lower jaw and a minimum of 15 gingival bleeding sites were randomly assigned to experimental or positive control treatment. Both groups were instructed to use their products at least twice daily. At baseline, week 1, and week 4, plaque was evaluated using digital plaque imaging analysis and a conventional subjective index. Gingival inflammation and bleeding were also measured. Analysis of covariance was used to compare groups. Results: Fifty-one participants (mean age = 13.9 years) were randomized; 50 (25 per group) completed the study. At baseline, group means were not statistically different (P > .1) for gingival inflammation or bleeding. At week 4, the experimental and control groups had a 10.0% to 32.7% and 5.9% to 6.7% reduction vs baseline, respectively, in plaque (across both methods); 12.6% and 8.3% reduction, respectively, in gingival inflammation; and 50.6% and 37.8% reduction, respectively, in bleeding. At week 4, group differences favoring the experimental group were statistically significant (P < .05) for gingival inflammation, gingival bleeding, and plaque (by conventional and digital imaging indexes). Conclusions: Use of a power brush/irrigator/mouthrinse resulted in statistically significantly greater plaque and gingivitis reductions than prophylaxis followed by manual brushing in patients with fixed appliances over 4 weeks.

scholarly journals Gingival Bleeding Index Status Among Orthodontic Patients Treated with Fixed Orthodontic Appliances in a Tertiary Level Hospital

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
Md Ali Kawsar ◽  
Mohammad Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Rifat Rezwana ◽  
Md Rubayet Alam Prodhan ◽  
Md Ahsan Habib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Dental Floss ◽  
Gingival Bleeding ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Mouth Wash ◽  
Medical University

Background: Oral hygiene maintenance becomes difficult during fixed orthodontic treatment.Objective: The aim of this study was to assess Gingival Bleeding Index among patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances in a tertiary level hospital.Metanitil and Methody: This study was conducted on 100 patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances for more than six months in the OPD of Orthodontics Department at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from July 2013 to July 2014. All the information related to oral hygiene maintenance like brushing, dental floss use, use of mout hwash during treatment in the OPD were recorded. The Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI) was calculated and recorded. Apart from this, frequency of brushing, type of tooth brush, technique of brushing and inter dental brush were also considered.Result: Over all mean value of GBI was 23.44±17.00. Mean value of GBI was 26.44 ± 15.23 among patients who brushed their teeth once a day but it was decreased gradually as the patients increased frequency of toot hbrush use per day and became 11.55±4.71 among the patients who brushed their teeth thrice a day. Mean value of GBI was 23.46±17.18 who did not use dental floss and 22.85 (12.64) who used dental floss once a day. Mean value of GBI was 25.30±17.73 who used inter dental brush irregularly but 2.75±0.35 who used it thrice a day. Mean value of GBI was25.17±17.69 who did not use mouth wash whereas it reduced to 8.00±0.00 among them who used mouth wash thrice a day.Conclusion: The Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI) is increased in patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances.KYAMC Journal Vol. 9, No.-3, October 2018, Page 129-132

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a motionless ultrasonic toothbrush in reducing plaque and gingival inflammation in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thayika Saruttichart ◽  
Pintu-on Chantarawaratit ◽  
Chalermpol Leevailoj ◽  
Panida Thanyasrisung ◽  
Waranuch Pitiphat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Gingival Inflammation ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Manual Toothbrush ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the effectiveness of a motionless ultrasonic toothbrush to a manual toothbrush in reducing dental plaque, gingival inflammation, and mutans streptococci in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five orthodontic patients were recruited to this crossover study. The patients were randomized into two groups starting with manual or motionless ultrasonic toothbrushes for 30 days. After a 30-day washout period, the patients switched to the other toothbrush type for 30 days. Plaque and gingival indices were evaluated by two calibrated-blinded examiners before and after each 30-day period of brushing. Salivary samples were also collected for quantification of mutans streptococci. Results: On the bracket side, the motionless ultrasonic toothbrush showed a significantly higher mean plaque index bracket score after 30-day usage than baseline (P = .049), while the manual toothbrush group showed no difference between the before and after brushing periods (P = .10). The changes in plaque index bracket score were significantly more favorable in the manual toothbrush group than in the ultrasonic toothbrush group (P = .04). In contrast, no difference was observed on the nonbracket side. There was no significant difference in the changes of gingival index or the numbers of mutans streptococci between the two groups. Conclusion: Manual toothbrushing performed better than brushing with the motionless ultrasonic toothbrush in plaque removal on the bracket side in orthodontic patients. However, no difference was observed in terms of gingival status and the numbers of mutans streptococci.

scholarly journals Nitric oxide as prediction factor of gingival inflammation in orthodontic patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 856-863
Author(s):  
Predrag Janosevic ◽  
Ivana Stojanovic ◽  
Mirjana Janosevic ◽  
Gordana Filipovic ◽  
Maja Stosic
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Gingival Inflammation ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Oxide Concentration ◽  
Nitric Oxide Concentration ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

Background/Aim. Nowadays therapy with fixed orthodontic appliances is widely spread, having in mind positive effects it has in malocclusion treatments The side effect is increased gingivial inflammation in treated patients. The aims of this research are to estimate the inflammatory condition of gingiva in the first 6 months of orthodontic therapy on the basis of clinical parameters of sulcus bleeding index, plaque index, gingival crevicular fluid and salivary nitric oxide concentration, and to investigate role of nitric oxide as predicting factor of gingival inflammation in orthodontic patients. Methods. In this study, 30 patients of the Dental Clinic treated with fixed orthodontic appliances (11 males and 19 females), aged 15-22 years, were examined. Clinical parameters were evaluated and gingival crevicular fluid and saliva were collected, before the beginning of orthodontics therapy, and then, three and six months after it. Results. The approximate values of clinical parameters, gingival crevicular fluid and salivary nitric oxide concentration progressively increased. Low statistical significance of correlations among gingival crevicular fluid and salivary nitric oxide concentration and the measured clinical parameters were found. There is a statistically significant correlation between gingival crevicular fluid and salivary nitric oxide concentration. Conclusion. According to the obtained results, we can conclude that gingival crevicular fluid and saliva are reliable mediums for monitoring of the gingival inflammatory condition. More studies are needed to investigate a potential role of nitric oxide as predicting factor of gingival inflammation in orthodontic patients.

scholarly journals A randomized clinical trial to evaluate the plaque removal efficacy of an oscillating-rotating toothbrush versus a sonic toothbrush in orthodontic patients using digital imaging analysis of the anterior dentition

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Erbe ◽  
Collin Jacobs ◽  
Malgorzata Klukowska ◽  
Hans Timm ◽  
Julie Grender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Imaging Analysis ◽  
Plaque Score ◽  
Plaque Removal ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Adolescent Patients ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Electric Toothbrush

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the plaque removal efficacy of an oscillating-rotating electric toothbrush with an orthodontic brush head versus a sonic toothbrush in adolescent patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and Methods: This was a randomized, examiner-blind, replicate single-use, two-treatment, four-period, crossover study with a washout period between visits of approximately 24 hours. Forty-four adolescent patients with fixed orthodontic appliances in both arches were randomized based on a computer-generated randomization schedule to one of four toothbrush treatment sequences. The primary outcome was plaque score change from baseline, measured using digital plaque imaging analysis. Results: Baseline plaque levels for both brush treatments were high, covering more than 50% of the tooth area. Effective plaque removal was observed with both brush treatments (P < .001); however, the reduction in plaque with the oscillating-rotating toothbrush was statistically significantly greater (P = .017) compared with the sonic toothbrush. Conclusions: The study provides evidence for more effective plaque-removing efficacy of the oscillating-rotating toothbrush versus the sonic toothbrush among orthodontic patients.

scholarly journals Effect of fixed orthodontic appliances on nonmicrobial salivary parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 806-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis P. Zogakis ◽  
Erez Koren ◽  
Shlomit Gorelik ◽  
Isaac Ginsburg ◽  
Miriam Shalish
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ph Decrease

ABSTRACT Objectives: To examine possible changes in the levels of salivary antioxidants, C-reactive protein (CRP), cortisol, pH, proteins, and blood in patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and Methods: Salivary samples from 21 orthodontic patients who met specific inclusion criteria were collected before the beginning of orthodontic treatment (T0; baseline), 1 hour after bonding (T1), and 4–6 weeks after bonding (T2). Oxidant-scavenging ability (OSA) was quantified using a luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay. Cortisol and CRP levels were measured using immunoassay kits. pH levels and presence of proteins and blood in the samples were quantified using strip-based tests. Results: A significant decrease in salivary pH was observed after bonding (P = .013). An increase in oxidant-scavenging abilities during orthodontic treatment was detected, but the change was not statistically significant. Cortisol and CRP levels slightly increased after bonding, but the difference was small without statistical significance. Changes in the presence of proteins and blood were also insignificant. Conclusions: Exposure to fixed orthodontic appliances did not show a significant effect on salivary parameters related to inflammation or stress, with the exception of a significant but transient pH decrease after bonding.

scholarly journals A Randomized Controlled Trial of Chuanhutongfeng Mixture for the Treatment of Chronic Gouty Arthritis by Regulating miRNAs

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yao Wang ◽  
Liping Dong ◽  
Peng Liu ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Shaodan Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Gouty Arthritis ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Mirna Expression Profiles ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Mirnas Expression ◽  
And Control ◽  
Plasma Mirnas

Background. We investigated whether Chuanhutongfeng mixture has actions on chronic gouty arthritis (CGA) by regulating miRNAs. Methods. A total of 255 patients with CGA and 30 controls were enrolled. miRNA expression profiles and cluster analysis were preformed; RT-qPCR was used to detect miRNAs associated with CGA. Patients were allocated into Chuanhutongfeng mixture, allopurinol (positive control), and control (etoricoxib) groups. Expression of plasma miRNAs was measured before and after treatments; expression of chemokine 2 (CCL2) and interleukin 8 (CXCL8) was determined by ELISA. Results. 48 miRNAs were differentially expressed and compared to controls. 36 miRNAs expression levels were > 1.5 times and 12 miRNAs < 1.5 times compared to the controls. miR-339-5p, miR-486-5p, and miR-361-5p levels in patients with CGA were lower than in controls (P < 0.05). This trial showed that the Chuanhutongfeng mixture and allopurinol groups had upregulated the expressions of miR-486-5, miR-339-5p, and miR-361-5p and decreased levels of CCL2 and CXCL8 proteins. After 8 weeks of treatment, Chuanhutongfeng mixture decreased serum uric acid levels more than allopurinol (P < 0.05) and reduced levels of CCL2 and CXCL8 protein significantly more than in the allopurinol and control groups. Conclusions. The therapeutic actions of Chuanhutongfeng mixture inhibit the expression of proteins CCL2 and CXCL8 in plasma and upregulated the expressions of three miRNAs (miR-486-5p, miR-339-5p, and miR-361-5p).

scholarly journals Efficacy of a herbal toothpaste on patients with established gingivitis: a randomized controlled trial

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Ozaki ◽  
Claudio Mendes Pannuti ◽  
Ana Vitória Imbronito ◽  
Wellington Pessotti ◽  
Luciana Saraiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

The aim of this randomised, double blind controlled trial was to verify the efficacy of a herbal dentifrice on the reduction of plaque and gingivitis. Forty eight volunteers with established gingivitis were randomly assigned to either a test group (herbal dentifrice) or positive control group (dentifrice with triclosan and fluoride). The dentifrices were distributed in plain white tubes by an independent pharmacy, which revealed the contents of each tube only after the experimental period. Plaque and gingivitis assessments were carried out on baseline and after 28 days of product use. All examinations were conducted by the same calibrated investigator. Subjects were instructed to brush their teeth three times daily using their assigned dentifrice for 28 days. There was a significant reduction in plaque levels in both the test and control groups. However, there was no significant difference between the groups. A significant reduction in gingivitis was observed in both groups, although there was no significant difference between them. No adverse reactions were reported. The authors concluded that both dentifrices were effective in reducing plaque and gingivitis in subjects with established gingivitis.

scholarly journals Microbiologic Changes in Subgingival Plaque After Removal of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1149-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Soon Choi ◽  
Bong-Kuen Cha ◽  
Paul-Georg Jost-Brinkmann ◽  
Si-Young Lee ◽  
Beom-Seok Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Method ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Treponema Denticola ◽  
Subgingival Plaque ◽  
Campylobacter Rectus ◽  
Prevotella Nigrescens ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Subgingival Microbiota

Abstract Objective: To evaluate changes that occur in the subgingival microbiota after removal of fixed orthodontic appliances using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Materials and Methods: Thirty orthodontic patients (11 males and 19 females; aged 20 ± 7.3 yr) were included in this study. Subgingival plaque samplings were gathered from the disto-buccal gingival crevice of the left upper central incisors and the left lower central incisors, and from the mesio-buccal gingival crevice of the left upper first molars and the left lower first molars, at two different times: 2 weeks before appliance removal (T1), and 3 months after appliance removal (T2). DNA was extracted from the samples and the 16S rRNA-based PCR detection method was used to determine the prevalence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, and Treponema denticola, which are considered as putative periodontopathogens. Results: The frequency of positive sites at T1 and T2 was 65% and 43.3% for C. rectus, and 53.3% and 30.8% for E. corrodens, respectively. For the other bacteria, the frequency tended to be reduced between times. Conclusion: Periodontopathogens during orthodontic treatment were significantly reduced within 3 months of appliance removal. However, how long it takes to return to the preorthodontic composition of the subgingival microbiota and whether it happens at all remain to be seen.

Caries-Preventive Effects of Fluoride-Releasing Materials

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Büyükyilmaz ◽  
B. Øgaard
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Caries Model ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Caries Lesions

The plaque-retentive properties of fixed orthodontic appliances result in a severe challenge on surfaces generally not susceptible to caries. Lesions may develop within a month in the absence of fluoride, and clinical studies have shown that from 50 to 75% of orthodontic patients develop decalcifications on labial surfaces during treatment. Fluoride mouthrinses reduce the occurrence, although compliance is often poor. Orthodontic bonding agents and cements releasing fluoride, which reduce the need for cooperation, have been introduced. Few clinical studies have been done to prove the cariostatic properties of fluoride-releasing materials in orthodontics. In short-term caries model studies, glass ionomers and a glass filler containing light-cured adhesive that releases relatively large amounts of fluoride have shown cariostatic properties. However, during severe challenges such as occur with orthodontic appliances, fluoride alone has limited cariostatic properties. The combination of fluoride with antimicrobial agents, and the use of acidic fluoride solutions depositing acid-resistant coatings of calcium fluoride and titanium have shown to give better clinical effects than fluoride alone during extreme conditions. Fluoride-releasing materials may therefore be considered as useful supplements to these procedures.

scholarly journals Microbiological Evaluation of Octenidine Dihydrochloride Mouth Rinse after 5 Days' Use in Orthodontic Patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 766-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alev Aksoy Dogan ◽  
Emel Sesli Cetin ◽  
Emad Hüssein ◽  
Ali Kudret Adiloglu
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Lactobacillus Species ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Cariogenic Bacteria ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Octenidine Dihydrochloride ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Fixed Appliances

Abstract Objective: To determine the absolute and relative antibacterial activity of octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT) against total and cariogenic bacteria in saliva samples of patients with fixed orthodontic appliances during 5 days of usage. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 5 male and 13 female subjects who were selected from patients in the Clinic of Orthodontics. Each patient was given physiologic saline (PS), chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine complex (PVP-I), and OCT every morning for 5 days, each separated by a 2-week interval. Total and cariogenic bacteria in saliva samples of orthodontically treated patients with fixed appliances were collected during 5 days of usage. Unstimulated saliva was collected as a baseline sample. Saliva samples were collected at 15 minutes, and on the second, third, and fifth day after rinsing the mouth with any of the solutions for 30 seconds, and bacterial counts were detected. Results: OCT showed an ultimate reduction of total viable oral bacteria, Lactobacillus species, and Streptococcus mutans in vivo. OCT also had a significantly greater inhibitory effect than 0.2% CHX and 7.5% PVP-I, from the beginning of the study until the fifth day after the orthodontic appliances were bonded (P &lt; .1). Conclusions: OCT compared favorably with respect to CHX and PVP-I complex in orthodontically treated patients with fixed appliances (P ≤ .1).

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