scholarly journals One-year comparative assessment of retention of arch width increases between modified vacuum-formed and Hawley retainers:

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Ashari ◽  
Lew Xian ◽  
Alizae Marny Fadzlin Syed Mohamed ◽  
Rohaya Megat Abdul Wahab ◽  
Yeoh Chiew Kit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Retention Period ◽  
Arch Width ◽  
Transverse Expansion ◽  
Data Analyst ◽  
Mixed Analysis ◽  
P 16 ◽  
One Year

ABSTRACT Objectives To compare the clinical effectiveness of Hawley retainers (HRs) and modified vacuum-formed retainers (mVFRs) with palatal coverage in maintaining transverse expansion during a 12-month retention period. Materials and Methods Data were collected from postorthodontic treatment patients who met the inclusion criteria. A total of 35 patients were randomly allocated using a centralized randomization technique into either mVFR (n = 18) or HR group (n = 17). The outcome assessor and data analyst were blinded to the retention method. Dental casts of patients were evaluated at debond, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months of retention. Intercanine width (ICW), interpremolar width (IPMW), interfirst molar mesiobuccal cusp width 1 (IFMW1), and interfirst molar distobuccal cusp width 2 (IFMW2) were compared between groups over time using mixed analysis of variance. Results No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups for ICW (P = .76), IPMW (P = .63), IFMW1 (P = .16), and IFMW2 (P = .40) during the 12-month retention period. Conclusions The null hypothesis could not be rejected. HR and mVFR had similar clinical effectiveness in the retention of transverse expansion cases during a 12-month retention period.

Evaluation of Mandibular Arch Width Changes following Fixed Retention in Post Orthodontic Patients - a Randomized Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasreen Iqbal Nagani
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mandibular Arch ◽  
Arch Width ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Stability

Background: Retention is an integral phase in which teeth are maintained in their newly adapted position for which retainers are inserted. Retainers are generally of two types: removable and fixed. Fixed retainers are indicated in the mandibular arch for an indefinite period specifically in the non-extraction cases. Changes in intercanine and intermolar widths are valuable parameters to evaluate the stability. The objectives of this study were to assess and compare the mandibular intercanine and intermolar width changes following orthodontic treatment after insertion of two types of fixed lingual retainers for one year. Methods: Total 54 subjects were recruited in which two types of fixed lingual retainers were inserted in the mandibular arch randomly. Intercanine and intermolar arch widths were measured by digital caliper of 0.01 mm accuracy. Data was analyzed by using Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS V-21). Chi-square and independent t tests were used to compare baseline characteristics. Intercanine and intermolar widths were assessed and compared using independent t test, p-value ≤ 0.05 is considered as statistically significant. Results: Intercanine width increased from baseline to T4 in both retainers. When mean differences of intercanine width were compared between two retainers significant differences were observed at T1, T2, T3 and T4 with significant p-values (< 0.05) and increased intercanine width with multistranded stainless steel wire (MSW) retainers. Conclusion: Mandibular intercanine width increases significantly in post retention phase with multistranded stainless steel retainers. Thus, fiber reinforced composite retainers are more effective in preserving the arch width changes.

Driving While Impaired and Riding with an Impaired Driver among Recent Latinx Immigrants

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110148
Author(s):  
Eduardo Romano ◽  
Mariana Sanchez ◽  
Eileen P. Taylor ◽  
Rosa Babino
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Latin American ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Dade County ◽  
Baseline Assessment ◽  
Drinking And Driving ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Driving While Impaired ◽  
One Year ◽  
Significant Factors

The overarching aim of this study is to assess driving while impaired by alcohol (DWI) and riding with an impaired driver (RWID) rates among young adult Latinx immigrants to Miami-Dade County, Florida, within a year of arrival in the U.S.A. More specifically, this study aims to: (i) describe the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of Latinx immigrants to Miami-Dade County within a year of arrival; (ii) examine their alcohol use, DWI, and RWID; and (iii) identify factors influencing these behaviors. This study uses baseline data from an ongoing National Institutes of Health-funded longitudinal study examining drinking and driving trajectories among young adult recent Latinx immigrants to Miami-Dade County. During the baseline assessment, retrospective pre-immigration data and post-immigration data were obtained via personal interviews. Inclusion criteria included being a Latinx immigrant, 18–34 years old, who recently immigrated (within one year before baseline assessment) to the U.S.A. from a Latin American country with the intention of staying in the U.S.A. for at least three years beyond baseline. Respondent-driven sampling was applied. Results showed that since arriving in the U.S.A. approximately 6.3% of all participants had engaged in DWI at least once and 20% reported RWID. Although household income and being male were significant factors, the factor that influenced post-immigration DWI/RWID the most was pre-immigration DWI (odds ratio = 13.1) and pre-immigration RWID (odd ratio = 24.5). Interventions aimed to prevent recent immigrants from engaging in DWI and RWID should take cultural factors and pre-immigration behaviors into account.

Abstract P467: Clinical Effectiveness of Endovascular Stroke Treatment in the Early and Extended Time Windows

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Nogueira ◽  
Diogo C Haussen ◽  
David S Liebeskind ◽  
Tudor G Jovin ◽  
Rishi Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Time To Treatment ◽  
Stroke Treatment ◽  
Real World Setting ◽  
Lower Baseline ◽  
Iv Tpa

Background and Purpose: The clinical efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has been unequivocally demonstrated in multiple randomized clinical trials (RCTs). However, these studies were performed in carefully selected centers and utilized strict inclusion criteria. We aim to assess the clinical effectiveness of MT by comparing the specific RCT populations with corresponding patient cohorts derived from a prospective registry. Methods: A total of 2008 patients from 76 sites across 12 countries were enrolled in a prospective open-label MT registry. Patients were categorized into the corresponding cohorts of the SWIFT-Prime, DAWN, and DEFUSE 3 trials based on the age, baseline NIHSS, occlusion site, IV tPA use, pre-morbid mRS and time to treatment criteria used in the RCTs without considering specific parenchymal imaging findings. Baseline and outcome variables were compared across the corresponding groups. Results: As compared to the treated patients in the actual trials, registry-derived patients tended to be younger and had lower baseline ASPECTS. In addition, time to treatment was earlier and the use of IV tPA and general anesthesia were higher in DAWN- and DEFUSE 3-registry derived patients versus their corresponding trials. Reperfusion rates were higher in the registry patients. The rates of 90-day good outcome (mRS 0-2) in registry-derived patients were comparable to those of the patients treated in the corresponding RCTs (SWIFT-Prime, 64.5% vs 60.2%; DAWN, 50.4% vs 48.6%; Beyond-DAWN: 52.4% vs 48.6%; DEFUSE 3, 52% vs 44.6%, respectively; all P>0.05). Registry-derived patients had significant less disability than the corresponding RCT controls (ordinal mRS shift OR, P <0.05 for all). Conclusion: Our study provides favorable generalizability data for the safety and efficacy of thrombectomy in the “real-world” setting and supports that patients may be safely treated outside the constraints of RCTs and strict guidelines.

Diagnoses and mortality in a population without acute myocardial infarction, but with elevated highsensitive troponin I – a retrospective register-based single center study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Rasmus Søgaard Hansen ◽  
◽  
Jesper Revsholm ◽  
Daniel Pilsgaard Henriksen ◽  
Lars Christian Lund Lund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Danish Population ◽  
Medical Observation ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Sensitive Troponin ◽  
Center Study

Aim: To explore, which differential diagnoses to consider in individuals with elevated troponins without acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and the mortality for those individuals. Methods: Retrospective, register-based study on a representative sample of the Danish population with the following inclusion criteria: High-sensitive troponin I (hs-TnI) ≥25 ng/L, age ≥18 years, and exclusion of AMI. Results: 3067 individuals without AMI but increased hs-TnI were included. Most frequent discharge diagnoses: Pneumonia (12.8%), Aortic valve disorder (11.3%), Medical observation (10.9%) and Heart failure (8.9%). The 30-days and one-year mortality was 15.8% and 32.0%, respectively. Conclusions: A selected number of alternative diagnoses must be considered in individuals with increased hs-TnI. Due to high mortality it is crucial to carefully evaluate these individuals despite the absence of AMI.

scholarly journals Systematic Review and Proportional Meta-Analysis of Endarterectomy and Endovascular Therapy with Routine or Selective Stenting for Common Femoral Artery Atherosclerotic Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Hamid Changal ◽  
Mubbasher Ameer Syed ◽  
Tawseef Dar ◽  
Muhammad Asif Mangi ◽  
Mujeeb Abdul Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Common Femoral Artery ◽  
Target Lesion ◽  
Target Lesion Revascularization ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
One Year ◽  
New Evidence

Introduction. Common femoral endarterectomy (CFE) has been the therapy of choice for common femoral artery atherosclerotic disease (CFA-ASD). In the past, there was inhibition to treat CFA-ASD endovascularly with stents due to fear of stent fracture and compromise of future vascular access site. However, recent advances and new evidence suggest that CFA may no longer be a ‘stent-forbidden zone’. In the light of new evidence, we conducted a meta-analysis to determine the use of endovascular treatment for CFA-ASD and compare it with common femoral endarterectomy in the present era.Methods. Using certain MeSH terms we searched multiple databases for studies done on endovascular and surgical treatment of CFA-ASD in the last two decades. Inclusion criteria were randomized control trials, observational, prospective, or retrospective studies evaluating an endovascular treatment or CFE for CFA-ASD. For comparison, studies were grouped based on the treatment strategy used for CFA-ASD: endovascular treatment with selective stenting (EVT-SS), endovascular treatment with routine stenting (EVT-RS), or common femoral endarterectomy (CFE). Primary patency (PP), target lesion revascularization (TLR), and complications were the outcomes studied. We did proportional meta-analysis using a random-effect model due to heterogeneity among the included studies. If confidence intervals of two results do not overlap, then statistical significance is determined.Results. Twenty-eight studies met inclusion criteria (7 for EVT-RS, 8 for EVT-SS, and 13 for CFE). Total limbs involved were 2914 (306 in EVT-RS, 678 in EVT-SS, and 1930 in CFE). The pooled PP at 1 year was 84% (95% CI 75-92%) for EVT-RS, 78% (95% CI 69-85%) for EVT-SS, and 93% (95% CI 90-96%) for CFE. PP at maximum follow-up in EVT-RS was 83.7% (95% CI 74-91%) and in CFE group was 88.3% (95% CI 81-94%). The pooled target lesion revascularization (TLR) rate at one year was 8% (95% CI 4-13%) for EVT-RS, 19% (95% CI 14-23%) for EVT-SS, and 4.5% (95% CI 1-9%) for CFE. The pooled rate of local complications for EVT-RS was 5% (95% CI 2-10%), for EVT-SS was 7% (95% CI 3 to 12%), and CFE was 22% (95% CI 14-32%). Mortality at maximum follow-up in CFE group was 23.1% (95% CI 14-33%) and EVT-RS was 5.3% (95% CI 1-11%).Conclusion. EVT-RS has comparable one-year PP and TLR as CFE. CFE showed an advantage over EVT-SS for one-year PP. The complication rate is lower in EVT RS and EVT SS compared to CFE. At maximum follow-up, CFE and EVT-RS have similar PP but CFE has a higher mortality. These findings support EVT-RS as a management alternative for CFA-ASD.

A systematic review of current approaches to managing demand and waitlists for mental health services

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry A. Thomas ◽  
Annelise M. Schroder ◽  
Debra J. Rickwood
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Timely access to effective treatment is a primary goal for mental health services; however, when demand exceeds available resources, services may place clients on a waitlist or restrict services. This paper aims to identify approaches used by mental health services to manage service demand and waitlists. Design/methodology/approach A review of research literature between 2009 and 2019 was conducted using the Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase and Cochrane databases. Articles were screened and assessed against inclusion criteria and the methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Findings In total, 20 articles were located that met the inclusion criteria. Five demand management approaches were identified, namely, walk-in models, triage processes, multi-disciplinary care, patient-led approaches and service delivery changes. Research limitations/implications This review identifies effective approaches that services can consider adapting to their local setting; however, further research is needed to demonstrate the clinical effectiveness of services provided under these models. Originality/value This review makes a valuable contribution to mental health care service delivery by detailing the strategies that services have adopted to manage demand and, where available, comparative outcomes with traditional service delivery models.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of Intravenous Ascorbate in Cancer Clinical Trials

Antioxidants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Nauman ◽  
Javaughn Gray ◽  
Rose Parkinson ◽  
Mark Levine ◽  
Channing Paller
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Narrative Approach ◽  
Cancer Clinical Trials ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
To Receive

Background: Ascorbate (vitamin C) has been evaluated as a potential treatment for cancer as an independent agent and in combination with standard chemotherapies. This review assesses the evidence for safety and clinical effectiveness of intravenous (IV) ascorbate in treating various types of cancer. Methods: Single arm and randomized Phase I/II trials were included in this review. The PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases were searched. Results were screened by three of the authors (GN, RP, and CJP) to determine if they met inclusion criteria, and then summarized using a narrative approach. Results: A total of 23 trials involving 385 patients met the inclusion criteria. Only one trial, in ovarian cancer, randomized patients to receive vitamin C or standard of care (chemotherapy). That trial reported an 8.75 month increase in progression-free survival (PFS) and an improved trend in overall survival (OS) in the vitamin C treated arm. Conclusion: Overall, vitamin C has been shown to be safe in nearly all patient populations, alone and in combination with chemotherapies. The promising results support the need for randomized placebo-controlled trials such as the ongoing placebo-controlled trials of vitamin C and chemotherapy in prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Treatment of Non-neurogenic Overactive Bladder with OnabotulinumtoxinA: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trials

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Arruda ◽  
Claudia Takano ◽  
Manoel Girão ◽  
Jorge Haddad ◽  
Gabriel Aleixo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Intermittent Catheterization ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Primary Endpoints ◽  
Jadad Scale ◽  
Bladder Symptoms

AbstractWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials that studied non-neurogenic overactive bladder patients who were treated with 100 units of onabotulinumtoxinA or placebo. The primary purpose of our study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness with regard to urinary urgency, urinary frequency, nocturia, and incontinence episodes. Our secondary purpose consisted of evaluating the adverse effects. Our initial search yielded 532 entries. Of these, seven studies met all the inclusion criteria (prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled studies, ≥ 3 points on the Jadad scale) and were selected for analysis. For all primary endpoints, the toxin was more effective than placebo (p < 0.0001; 95% confidence interval [95CI]), namely: urgency (mean difference = -2.07; 95CI = [-2.55–1.58]), voiding frequency (mean difference = -1.64; 95CI = [-2.10–1.18]), nocturia (mean difference = -0.25; 95CI = [-0.39–0.11]) and incontinence episodes (mean difference = -2.06; 95CI= [-2.60–1.52]). The need for intermittent catheterization and the occurrence of urinary tract infection (UTI) were more frequent in patients treated with onabotulinumtoxinA than in patients treated with placebo (p < 0.0001). Compared with placebo, onabotulinumtoxinA had significantly and clinically relevant reductions in overactive bladder symptoms and is associated with higher incidence of intermittent catheterization and UTI.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE STORAGE OF DEHYDRATED PORK

1945 ◽  
Vol 23f (1) ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
Jesse A. Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Storage Test ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Accelerated Storage ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Keeping Quality ◽  
P 16 ◽  
One Year ◽  
Accelerated Storage Test

In an accelerated storage test at 60 °C. fat levels of 20 and 30% were observed to have no effect on keeping quality of dehydrated pork. Measurements on dried product stored in paper-bodied containers for one year at temperatures from −17.8 °C. to 36.7 °C. showed 15.6 °C. to be less desirable than 23.9°, 0°, or −17.8 °C. Dehydrated pork was stored in tin-plate containers for periods of one year at 23.9 °C. and 36.7 °C. with little decrease in palatability. No difference in storage life was demonstrated between cured and uncured pork, or, as a result of differences in drying times, moisture content |or storage temperature. The product prepared on an atmospheric double-drum drier deteriorated a little more rapidly than vacuum–tray- or tunnel–tray-dried material. The effectiveness of container materials, tin-plate, Reynolds' metal A-10, Dewey and Almy P-16, and 300 MST cellophane, was evaluated and their relative value for dehydrated pork fell in that order.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document