scholarly journals Class II subdivision treatment with the Herbst appliance

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niko C. Bock ◽  
Benjamin Reiser ◽  
Sabine Ruf
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Midline Shift ◽  
Herbst Appliance ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Retention Period ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Original Class

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the effectiveness of Class II subdivision Herbst nonextraction treatment and its short-term stability retrospectively. Materials and Methods: Twenty-two Class II subdivision (SUB: right-left molar difference ≥0.75 cusp width) and 22 symmetric Class II patients (SYM: ≥0.75 cusp width bilaterally) were matched according to gender and pretreatment handwrist radiographic stage. The mean treatment duration of the Herbst and subsequent multibracket phase was 8 months and 14 months, respectively. The mean retention period amounted to 36 months. Dental casts from before treatment (T1), after Herbst treatment (T2), after Multibracket treatment (T3), and after retention (T4) were evaluated. Results: A bilateral Class I or super Class I molar relationship was seen in 72.7% (SUB) and 77.3% (SYM) at T3. The corresponding values at T4 were 63.7% (SUB) and 72.7% (SYM). A unilateral or bilateral Class III molar relationship was more frequent in the SUB group (T3: +4.6%; T4: +13.6%). For overjet, similar mean values were seen in both groups after treatment (T3: SUB, 2.7 mm; SYM, 2.3 mm) and after retention (T4: SUB, 3.0 mm; SYM, 3.4 mm). This was also true for the midline shift (T3: SUB, −0.4 mm; SYM, 0.0 mm; T4: SUB, −0.3 mm; SYM, 0.0 mm). Conclusion: Class II subdivision Herbst treatment was successful similarly to symmetric Class II Herbst treatment. However, a slight overcompensation of the molar relationship (Class III tendency) was more frequent in the subdivision patients (original Class I side).

scholarly journals Environmental Cadmium Exposure and Dental Indices in Orthodontic Patients

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Hui-Ling Chen ◽  
Jason Chen-Chieh Fang ◽  
Chia-Jung Chang ◽  
Ti-Feng Wu ◽  
I-Kuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Cadmium Exposure ◽  
Class I ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Urine Cadmium ◽  
The Mean

Background. Previous studies have shown that environmental cadmium exposure could disrupt salivary gland function and is associated with dental caries and reduced bone density. Therefore, this cross-sectional study attempted to determine whether tooth decay with tooth loss following cadmium exposure is associated with some dental or skeletal traits such as malocclusions, sagittal skeletal pattern, and tooth decay. Methods. Between August 2019 and June 2020, 60 orthodontic patients with no history of previous orthodontics, functional appliances, or surgical treatment were examined. The patients were stratified into two groups according to their urine cadmium concentrations: high (>1.06 µg/g creatinine, n = 28) or low (<1.06 µg/g creatinine, n = 32). Results. The patients were 25.07 ± 4.33 years old, and most were female (female/male: 51/9 or 85%). The skeletal relationship was mainly Class I (48.3%), followed by Class II (35.0%) and Class III (16.7%). Class I molar relationships were found in 46.7% of these patients, Class II molar relationships were found in 15%, and Class III molar relationships were found in 38.3%. The mean decayed, missing, and filled surface (DMFS) score was 8.05 ± 5.54, including 2.03 ± 3.11 for the decayed index, 0.58 ± 1.17 for the missing index, and 5.52 ± 3.92 for the filled index. The mean index of complexity outcome and need (ICON) score was 53.35 ± 9.01. The facial patterns of these patients were within the average low margin (26.65 ± 5.53 for Frankfort–mandibular plane angle (FMA)). There were no significant differences in the above-mentioned dental indices between patients with high urine cadmium concentrations and those with low urine cadmium concentrations. Patients were further stratified into low (<27, n = 34), average (27–34, n = 23), and high (>34, n = 3) FMA groups. There were no statistically significant differences in the urine cadmium concentration among the three groups. Nevertheless, a marginally significant p-value of 0.05 for urine cadmium concentration was noted between patients with low FMA and patients with high FMA. Conclusion. This analysis found no association between environmental cadmium exposure and dental indices in our orthodontic patients.

scholarly journals The duration of pubertal growth peak among three skeletal classes

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqar Jeelani ◽  
◽  
Mubassar Fida ◽  
Attiya Shaikh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Class I ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pubertal growth peak is closely associated with a rapid increase in mandibular length and offers a wide range of therapeutic modifiability. Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine and compare the mean ages of onset and duration of pubertal growth peak among three skeletal classes. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using lateral cephalograms of 230 subjects with growth potential (110 males, 120 females). Subjects were categorized into three classes (Class I = 81, Class II = 82, Class III = 67), according to the sagittal relationship established between the maxilla and the mandible. The cervical vertebral maturation stage was recorded by means of Baccetti's method. The mean ages at CS3 and CS4 and the CS3-CS4 age interval were compared between boys and girls and among three skeletal classes. Results: Pubertal growth peak occurred on average four months earlier in girls than boys (p = 0.050). The average duration of pubertal growth peak was 11 months in Class I, seven months in Class II and 17 months in Class III subjects. Interclass differences were highly significant (Cohen's d > 0.08). However, no significant difference was found in the timing of pubertal growth peak onset among three skeletal classes (p = 0.126 in boys, p = 0.262 in girls). Conclusions: Girls enter pubertal growth peak on average four months earlier than boys. Moreover, the duration of pubertal growth peak is on average four months shorter in Class II and six months longer in Class III subjects as compared to Class I subjects.

scholarly journals Evaluating Distance between Vibrating Line and Fovea Palatinae in Class I, Class II and Class III Soft Palate Types

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Bharat Kumar ◽  
Muhammad Abbas ◽  
Asma Naz ◽  
Naresh Kumar ◽  
Shahid Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Soft Palate ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Class I ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the mean distance between the vibrating line and fovea palatinae in Class I, Class II and Class III Soft Palate types. Methodology: This study was conducted at Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences Karachi among 197patients. Duration of study was six months. All patients were examined for vibrating line clinically, assessed using phonation method. Subsequently, distance between vibrating line and fovea paltatinae was measured with uncalibrated compass in various contours of soft palate. Results: Out of 197 patient, the vibrating line was seen in130 (64%) anterior to fovea palatinae, whereas, 67 (34%) vibrating line was at the fovea palatinae. The mean distance of those anterior located vibrating line from fovea palatine was calculated as 2.13 (±0.82) mm in Class, 2.07 (±0.69) mm in Class II and 1.80 (±0.82) mm in Class III soft palate contours. Statistical analysis showed no significant between gender, while statistically significant difference among age group and mean distance of anterior located vibrating line from fovea palatinae were found. Conclusions: The mean distance of vibrating line which is predominately found anterior to the fovea palatinae was 2.07 (±0.77) mm.

scholarly journals On anthropometric data of the male student candidates of the Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy at the University of Tartu in 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mart Lintsi ◽  
Rein Aule ◽  
Heiti Annus ◽  
Martin Mooses ◽  
Mehis Viru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Male Student ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Ideal Weight ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The University ◽  
The Ideal

The purpose of this study was to investigate some anthropometric variables of student candidates of the Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu in 2017. All anthropometric measurements were made according to the recommendations of R. Martin [7]. Comparison of the height and weight data of the studied subjects with the height and weight norms of Estonia provided by Kaarma et al. [9] revealed that the entrants were taller in height but with the same average weight. In our study, the somatotypes recommended by Kaarma et al. [9] were used for the first time on entrants to the university. Our study found that male student candidates’ body somatotypes were divided into SD classes as follows: small 8.6%, medium 22.9%, large 18.6%; subtypes of pycnomorphic somatotypes: 7.1% in class I, 1.4% in class II, and 8.6% in class III; leptomorphic somatotypes were divided: 11.4% in class I, none in class II and 31.4% in class III. Based on the recommendations of several authors, we calculated the ideal body weight for all the entrants enrolled in the study. Comparison of the average body weight of entrants with the average weight calculated using the ideal weight method revealed an interesting situation. Namely, the mean values calculated using the Devine (1974) formula did not differ statistically significantly from the mean of the measured weights (t=0.101, p> 0.05). Neither did Devine’s (1974) ideal weight and BMI, Rohrer’s index and ponderal index calculated from it, and the body surface calculated according to the formulas of Dubois and Dubois and Mosteller differ from the actual figures.

scholarly journals Rotation of the upper first molar in Class I, II, and III patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 059-063
Author(s):  
Cristiane de Oliveira Viganó ◽  
Viviane Ekerman da Rocha ◽  
Laerte Ribeiro Menezes Junior ◽  
Luiz Renato Paranhos ◽  
Adilson Luiz Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Rotation Angle ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Variance Analysis ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Upper Molar ◽  
Line Crossing

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the mean rotation of the upper first molar (U1st M) in cast models from nontreated patients presenting: Class I, skeletal Class II, dental Class II, and skeletal Class III, comparing with Class I orthodontically treated patients. Materials and Methods: One hundred cast models were evaluated with five groups, composed of nontreated Class I (n = 20), dental Class II (n = 20), skeletal Class II (n = 20), skeletal Class III (n = 20), and treated Class I (n = 20). Measurements were taken from photocopies of the upper arches. The angle formed between a line crossing the mesiopalatal and the distal-buccalcusps of the U1st M and a line traced on mid palatal junction were measured in all samples. Results: One-way variance analysis showed that dental Class II group presented great mean rotation of the 1st molar (x = 78.95°, SD = 6.19) (P < 0.05), and in 85% of the patients from this group this angle was higher than 73°. Conclusions: The skeletal Class II and skeletal Class III groups showed similar mean position of the 1st molar, presenting rotation in approximately 50% of the patients. It can be concluded that upper molar rotation occurs mainly in dental Class II patients and shows higher mesial rotation angle.

scholarly journals The SAR Angle: A Contemorary Sagital Jaw Dysplasia Marker

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Sonahita Agarwal ◽  
Jitendra Bhagchandani ◽  
Praveen Mehrotra ◽  
Sudhir Kapoor ◽  
Raj Kumar Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cutoff Point ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Skeletal Pattern ◽  
Beta Angle ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Cephalometric analysis forms the backbone of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. However most of the angles used to assess antero-posterior jaw base discrepancy are based on landmarks that change with age, jaw rotation and orthodontic treatment. Walkers point is one landmark that has been suggested to be stable and easy to locate on radiograph.Objective: To derive SAR angle based on Walkers point, points M and G to assess true sagittal discrepancy.Materials & method: Sixty pretreatment lateral cephalograms of North Indian subjects were grouped in three classes of skeletal pattern based on fulfillment of any two of the three criteria: ANB angle, Witt’s appraisal and Beta angle. The mean and SD for the SAR angle in three groups were calculated. ANOVA one-way of variance and Newman-Keuls tests were done to compare the groups.Result: The mean value for SAR angle of Class I skeletal pattern group was 55.98o (SD 2.24), whereas mean value for Class II and Class III skeletal groups were 50.18o and 63.65o with standard deviations 2.70 and 2.25 respectively. The receiver operating characteristic curves show that the cutoff point between Class I and Class II groups could be considered a SAR angle of approximately 53o, and the cutoff point between Class I and Class III groups could be considered a SAR angle of approximately 59o.Conclusion: The SAR angle can be a reliable diagnostic aid to assess the sagittal jaw discrepancy more consistently.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Bolton's Ratios: Normal Occlusion and Malocclusion

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Machado ◽  
João Botelho ◽  
Paulo Mascarenhas ◽  
José João Mendes ◽  
Ana Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Normal Occlusion

Introduction: The purposes of this study were to seek for overall ratio (OR) and anterior ratio (AR) patients data in normal occlusion and Angle&rsquo;s malocclusion studies, and to assess if such results support Bolton&rsquo;s standards as general references.&nbsp;Methods: Pubmed, Medline, CENTRAL and Scholar databases were searched up to February 2018 (CRD42018088438). Gray literature was explored through OpenGray. Non-randomized clinical studies, published in English and assessing Bolton&rsquo;s OR and AR in normal occlusion and Angle&rsquo;s malocclusion groups (Class I, Class II, Class II division 1, Class 2 division 2, Class III) patients were included. OR and AR means and standard deviations (SD) were collected. Potential covariates (study design, publication year, country where the study was conducted, number of cases, gender, mesiodistal measurement method, and calibration method) were also extracted. The National Health Heart Lung, and Blood Institute&rsquo;s Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies was used to assess each included studies quality. Pairwise Random-Effects and Multilevel Bayesian Network Meta-Analyses were used to synthesize available data.&nbsp;Results: Fifty-two observational studies were included (8872 participants; male/females 2674/3272; 16 studies lacked gender information). For normal occlusion, global pooled estimates for OR and AR means were 91.74% (95% CI: 91.37-92.10) and 78.24% (95% CI: 77.85-78.63), respectively. We could identify on Angle&rsquo;s Class III patients meaningful OR and AR mean deviations from normal occlusion (0.89, 95% credible interval [CrI], 0.66-1.12, and 0.66, 95% CrI, 0.38-0.94, respectively), while on Class I patients we found a meaningful mean deviation from normal occlusion only for OR (0.25, 95% CrI, 0.03-0.47). Concerning gender impact, male patients presented higher OR (0.30, 95% CI 0.00-0.59) and AR (0.41, 95% CI 0.00-0.83) mean values than females in Class I.&nbsp;Conclusions: The results show that global pooled OR and AR mean values for normal occlusion patients are slightly above Bolton&rsquo;s original values. Class I, for OR mean values, and Class III, for both OR and AR, are proportionally larger than normal occlusion patients. Gender had almost no impact on teeth mesiodistal proportion.

Do Older Taxa Have Older Proteins?

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 454-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Ferreira ◽  
Frederico J. S. Pontes ◽  
Benı´cio de Barros Neto ◽  
Patrı´cia M. A. Farias
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Class I ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean

We have confirmed through an enlarged set of 728 species with 10,000 or more compiled codons, and a subset of 237 species with at least 50,000 compiled codons, that the mean values of a previously described index Φ [the mean value of the ratio between the relative (G, C) content of Class II and Class I codons, where G and C are guanine and cytosine] decrease monotonically across five large taxa, viz archaea, bacteria, eukaryotes (excluding metazoa), metazoa (excluding vertebrates) and vertebrates. It is proposed that these main taxa diverge successively from an ancestral progenome along lines which have persisted over long periods of time, leading to a primordial non-symmetrical phylogenetic tree. Further divergence, i.e. from eukaryotes to plants, fungi and protozoans, has followed symmetrical branching with approximately equal numbers of replacements and fixations. A statistical analysis of the Φ values of twelve distinct proteins, distributed over more than one thousand species belonging to the five main groups, was made to verify whether older taxa have older proteins. This supposition was confirmed for the first four taxa, but it was inconclusive for the last pair, metazoa/vertebrates.

scholarly journals Malocclusion with posterior unilateral crossbite affects superficial masseter and anterior temporal muscle activity during mastication

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Yona Pricilia Anggi Siregar ◽  
C. Christnawati ◽  
Darmawan Soetantyo
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Dental Hygiene ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Temporal Muscle ◽  
Posterior Crossbite ◽  
The Mean

Background: Mastication patterns due to malocclusion with unilateral posterior crossbite may permanently change. Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effect of malocclusion with unilateral posterior crossbite of the superficial masseter and anterior temporal muscles on the crossbite and non-crossbite sides during mastication. Methods: Thirty subjects (8 males and 22 females) between the ages of 17 and 30 years who were students of the 2017–2019 Dentistry and Dental Hygiene Study Program, Faculty of Dentistry, UGM and who had at least two posterior teeth with unilateral posterior crossbite were divided into 10 subjects with Angle’s class I, 10 subjects with class II and 10 subjects with class III malocclusions. The amplitude of the superficial masseter and temporal anterior muscles was performed during mastication using surface electromyography (sEMG). The mean difference between the groups of malocclusion on the crossbite and non-crossbite sides of the superficial masseter and temporal anterior was analysed by a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The results indicated a difference in amplitude mean between the malocclusion types on the crossbite sides and non-crossbite sides of the superficial masseter and temporal anterior muscles (p<0.05). This study confirmed there was a decrease in superficial masseter and anterior temporal muscle activity on the crossbite side rather than in the non-crossbite side in Angle’s class I and class II. However, there was an increase in activity of the superficial masseter and anterior temporal muscles on the crossbite side for class III. Conclusion: Malocclusion with unilateral posterior crossbite affects masticatory activity of the superficial masseter and temporal anterior muscles on the crossbite side.

scholarly journals Overall and Anterior Tooth Size Ratios in a Group of Emiratis

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 655-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moaza Ghuloom Mohammad ◽  
Shazia Naser-ud Din ◽  
Amar Hassan Khamis ◽  
Athanasios E. Athanasiou
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Anterior Tooth ◽  
Class I ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Size Discrepancy ◽  
Tooth Size Discrepancy ◽  
Dental Casts

Objectives:The aims of this investigation in a group of Emiratis were (1) To study overall and anterior tooth size ratios in Class I normal occlusion, (2) To estimate overall and anterior tooth size ratios in different malocclusion groups, (3) To compare overall and anterior tooth size ratios in Class I normal occlusion with the Bolton standards, and (4) To determine the distribution of overall and anterior tooth size ratios ± 2 SD from Bolton mean values in all occlusion groups.Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional investigation, consecutive patients’ files, including dental casts, were selected from the archives of orthodontic clinics of the Dubai Health Authority. The final sample was formed following the application of specific inclusion criteria. The sample consisted of 521 pairs of dental casts representing both sexes (males: 188; females: 333) and different malocclusion groups (Class I: 288; Class II: 110; Class III: 30) and Class I normal occlusion (93). The mean age of patients was 16.18y for Class I, 15.73y for Class II, 15.83y for Class III, and 16.55y for Class I normal occlusion. The dental casts were scanned and digitized by the first author using the Ortho Insight 3D laser scanner. Measurements were made regarding maxillary and mandibular sums of mesiodistal tooth dimension of the overall (6-6) and anterior (3-3) groups of teeth. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, pairedt-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The level of significance was set atp<0.05.Results:There were statistically significant differences among malocclusion groups with regard to overall and anterior tooth size ratios. However, the comparison between the Class I normal occlusion group and the Bolton standards showed no statistically significant differences. Only five cases in Class II malocclusion presented an anterior tooth size discrepancy outside plus 2 SD from Bolton mean values and one case in Class I malocclusion presented with an overall tooth size discrepancy outside plus 2 SD from Bolton mean values.Conclusion:This study of the different occlusion groups of the Emirati sample concluded that (a) Class I normal occlusion cases presented similar overall and anterior tooth size ratios to Bolton standards; (b) Overall and anterior tooth size ratios among different malocclusion groups exhibited statistically significant differences; (c) Five cases in Class II malocclusion presented an anterior tooth size discrepancy outside plus 2 SD from Bolton mean values, and (d) One case in Class I malocclusion presented an overall tooth size discrepancy outside plus 2 SD from Bolton mean values.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document