scholarly journals Effects of bone regeneration materials and tooth movement timing on canine experimental orthodontic treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Mabula Machibya ◽  
Yiyuan Zhuang ◽  
Weizhong Guo ◽  
Dongdong You ◽  
Shan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Level ◽  
Bone Height ◽  
Radiologic Features

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the effects of bone regeneration materials and orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) timing on tooth movement through alveolar bone defects treated with guided bone regeneration (GBR) utilizing xenografts (Bio-Oss) and alloplast (β-TCP). Materials and Methods: Twenty-four standard alveolar bone defects in six male beagle dogs were treated by GBR using either Bio-Oss or β-TCP (experimental), whereas the control defects were left empty. The defects were further grouped into early or late subgroups, depending on OTM timing after GBR (ie 1 month or 2 months, respectively). Rates of OTM were measured intraorally, while computed tomography scan images were used to assess bone density, alveolar bone height, second premolar displacement, and tipping tendency. Results: Generally, the Bio-Oss early and Bio-Oss late subgroups recorded the lowest amount of tooth movement compared with other modes of GBRs assessed. Before OTM, the control group registered significantly lower bone height compared with the Bio-Oss and β-TCP groups (P < .01). The control group was inferior on bone density and bone height compared with Bio-Oss and β-TCP. Conclusions: The Bio-Oss group had favorable radiologic features (higher alveolar bone level and bone density with less premolar tipping) but showed slower OTM than the control group. The late OTM subgroup had favorable radiologic features and showed faster tooth movement than the early OTM in the β -TCP group.

scholarly journals Bone dehiscence formation during orthodontic tooth movement through atrophic alveolar ridges

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-329
Author(s):  
Adilson Luiz Ramos ◽  
Monique Cimão dos Santos ◽  
Márcio Rodrigues de Almeida ◽  
Carlos Flores Mir
Keyword(s):  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Bone Height

ABSTRACT Objectives To test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in bone dehiscence formation before and after orthodontic tooth movement through an atrophic alveolar ridge. Material and Methods This longitudinal retrospective study evaluated pretreatment and posttreatment cone-beam computed tomography imaging of 15 adult patients. Twenty-five teeth were moved through the atrophic alveolar bone, whereas 25 teeth not subjected to translational movement were considered controls. The distances between the cementoenamel junction and the alveolar bone crest were assessed at the mesial, distal, buccal, and lingual surfaces of all of these teeth. Data were compared using the Wilcoxon test. The Spearman correlation test and multivariate linear regression analysis were also performed. Results In general, crestal bone height was reduced around 0.5 mm in all groups in every direction. Median buccal dehiscence increased significantly (+2.25 mm) (P < .05) in teeth moved through the atrophic ridge. Control teeth also had buccal crest loss (+0.83 mm), but this was not statistically different from that of the experimental teeth. Lingual dehiscence increased significantly for the experimental (+0.17 mm) and control (+0.65 mm) groups. Mesial bone height decreased more in the control group (–0.44mm) than in the experimental group (–0.14mm). There was moderate correlation between amount of tooth movement and alveolar bone loss. Conclusions The null hypothesis was rejected as dehiscence increased after tooth movement through an atrophic alveolar ridge, mainly in the buccal plate.

scholarly journals Comparison of the effects of micro-osteoperforation and corticision on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 558-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Yang Tsai ◽  
Teng-Kai Yang ◽  
Hsueh-Yin Hsieh ◽  
Liang-Yu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Orthodontic Force ◽  
Surgical Interventions

ABSTRACT Objective:  To investigate the effects of flapless micro-osteoperforation and corticision on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Materials and Methods:  Forty-five 8-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following groups: micro-osteoperforation and orthodontic force (MOP + F), corticision and orthodontic force (C + F), and orthodontic force only (F, control). The left maxillary first molars were pulled forward with a force of 50 g. Flapless surgical interventions were conducted in the MOP + F and C + F groups. The total duration of the experiment was 6 weeks. Alveolar bone density and the number of osteoclasts were evaluated using microcomputed tomography and histologic examination, respectively. Results:  The tooth movement distance was significantly higher in both experimental groups than in the control group. Bone density and bone mineral density decreased in the MOP + F and C + F groups. The number of osteoclasts in the MOP + F and C + F groups was significantly higher than in the control group F. Conclusion:  The two minimally invasive flapless surgical interventions increased bone remodeling and osteoclast activity and induced faster orthodontic tooth movement for at least 2 weeks in rats. No differences were observed between the outcome of flapless micro-osteoperforation and corticision in the rats.

scholarly journals The role of inhibition of osteocyte apoptosis in mediating orthodontic tooth movement and periodontal remodeling: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Kaplan ◽  
Zana Kalajzic ◽  
Thomas Choi ◽  
Imad Maleeh ◽  
Christopher L. Ricupero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Osteocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Saline Administration ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) has been shown to induce osteocyte apoptosis in alveolar bone shortly after force application. However, how osteocyte apoptosis affects orthodontic tooth movement is unknown. The goal of this study was to assess the effect of inhibition of osteocyte apoptosis on osteoclastogenesis, changes in the alveolar bone density, and the magnitude of OTM using a bisphosphonate analog (IG9402), a drug that affects osteocyte and osteoblast apoptosis but does not affect osteoclasts. Material and methods Two sets of experiments were performed. Experiment 1 was used to specifically evaluate the effect of IG9402 on osteocyte apoptosis in the alveolar bone during 24 h of OTM. For this experiment, twelve mice were divided into two groups: group 1, saline administration + OTM24-h (n=6), and group 2, IG9402 administration + OTM24-h (n=6). The contralateral unloaded sides served as the control. The goal of experiment 2 was to evaluate the role of osteocyte apoptosis on OTM magnitude and osteoclastogenesis 10 days after OTM. Twenty mice were divided into 4 groups: group 1, saline administration without OTM (n=5); group 2, IG9402 administration without OTM (n=5); group 3, saline + OTM10-day (n=6); and group 4, IG9402 + OTM10-day (n=4). For both experiments, tooth movement was achieved using Ultra Light (25g) Sentalloy Closed Coil Springs attached between the first maxillary molar and the central incisor. Linear measurements of tooth movement and alveolar bone density (BVF) were assessed by MicroCT analysis. Cell death (or apoptosis) was assessed by terminal dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, while osteoclast and macrophage formation were assessed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and F4/80+ immunostaining. Results We found that IG9402 significantly blocked osteocyte apoptosis in alveolar bone (AB) at 24 h of OTM. At 10 days, IG9402 prevented OTM-induced loss of alveolar bone density and changed the morphology and quality of osteoclasts and macrophages, but did not significantly affect the amount of tooth movement. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that osteocyte apoptosis may play a significant role in osteoclast and macrophage formation during OTM, but does not seem to play a role in the magnitude of orthodontic tooth movement.

Bone Graft Materials for Alveolar Bone Defects in Orthodontic Tooth Movement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia jia Lu ◽  
Zishuo Wang ◽  
Hongyan Zhang ◽  
Wenhua Xu ◽  
Chengfei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Bone Defects

Locally Inhibition of Orthodontic Relapse by Injection of Carbonated Hydroxy Apatite-Advanced Platelet Rich Fibrin in a Rabbit Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 758 ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananto Ali Alhasyimi ◽  
Pinandi Sri Pudyani ◽  
Widya Asmara ◽  
Ika Dewi Ana
Keyword(s):  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hydroxy Apatite ◽  
Carbonated Apatite ◽  
Alveolar Bone Remodeling

Relapse is considered a significant failure after orthodontic treatment. In response to relapse, RANKL expressions will increase, while OPG expressions will decrease. CHA is thought to be one of an ideal candidate for enhancing bone formation. Moreover, a-PRF is a source high levels of growth factors that play a central role in the bone remodeling. This research was intended to investigate the effect of hydrogel CHA-aPRF in preventing relapse. Hydrogel-CHA was initially designed, with its degradation profile and FTIR (Fourie’s Transform Infrared) spectra were investigated as the basis to find out optimum formulation before incorporated with aPRF. Hydrogel-CHA microspheres were prepared in 3 different compositions: those were encoded 30-CHA, 40-CHA, and 50-CHA. After the hydrogel formulation and characterization were completed, 10 mL blood samples were collected, then centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 14 min. At the end of the centrifugation process, the aPRF clot was isolated and then pressed to obtain their releasate. The releasate aPRF was then loaded into the best formulation candidate of hydrogel CHA. The hydrogel incorporated aPRF was then gently injected on the mesial side of incisor gingival sulcus of the rabbit after orthodontic tooth movement. The FTIR analysis showed that carbonated apatite was successfully developed during the fabrication process of hydrogel-CHA microspheres. It was also known that degradation profile of 30-CHA was considered ideal compared to the other compositions. The application of CHA-aPRF (group C) was proven to significantly prevent relapse, indicated by lowest percentage of relapse 21 days after debonding (29.95±3.91%) compared to control group. Furthermore, it has been found that expressions of RANKL were significantly lowest (p<0.05) in group C on day 0, 3, and 7, while OPG expressions showed significantly highest (p<0.05) in group C on day 14 and 21 after debonding. These results indicate that incorporation of hydrogel-CHA has potential effect to enhance alveolar bone remodeling and prevent orthodontic relapse by stimulates OPG expression and suppresses RANKL expression.

scholarly journals The increased number of osteoblasts and capillaries in orthodontic tooth movement post-administration of Robusta coffee extract

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
H. Herniyati
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Capillaries ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Alveolar Bone Remodeling

Background: The application of orthodontic forces subjects blood capillaries to considerable pressure, resulting in hypoxia on the pressure side. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), expressed in osteoblasts represents an important mitogen that induces angiogenesis. Osteoblasts and blood capillaries play an important role in bone formation. Robusta coffee contains chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid both of which produce antioxidant effects capable of reducing oxidative stress in osteoblasts. Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of Robusta coffee extract on the number of osteoblasts and blood capillaries in orthodontic tooth movement. Methods: This research constituted a laboratory-based experimental study involving the use of sixteen male rodents divided into two groups, namely; control group (C) consisting of eight mice given orthodontic mechanical force (OMF) and a treatment group (T) containing eight mice administered OMF and dried Robusta coffee extract at a dose of 20mg/ 100 g BW. The OMF was performed by installing a ligature wire on the maxillary right first molar and both maxillary incisors. In the following stage, the maxillary right first molar was moved to the mesial using Tension Gauze with a Nickel Titanium Orthodontic closed coil spring. Observation was subsequently undertaken on the 15th day by extracting the maxillary right first and second molar with their periodontal tissues. Thereafter, histological examination was performed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining technique to measure the number of osteoblasts and blood capillaries on the mesial and distal periodontal ligaments of the maxillary right first molar. Results: The administration of Robusta coffee extract increases the number of blood capillaries and osteoblasts on both the pressure and tension sides were found to be significantly higher in the T group compared to the C group (p<0,05). Conclusion: Robusta coffee extract increase the number of osteoblasts and blood capillaries, thereby playing a role in improving the alveolar bone remodeling process in orthodontic tooth movement.

scholarly journals The effect of high concentration of zoledronic acid on tooth induced movement and its repercussion on root, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone tissues in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fátima Regina Nunes de Sousa ◽  
Vanessa Costa de Sousa Ferreira ◽  
Conceição da Silva Martins ◽  
Hugo Victor Dantas ◽  
Frederico Barbosa de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zoledronic Acid ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Dental Tissues

AbstractZoledronic acid (ZA) is often prescribed for osteoporosis or resorptive metabolic bone disease. This study aims to evaluate the effect of ZA on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and root and bone resorption and its repercussion on root, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone tissues. The experimental group consisted of 72 Wistar rats divided in four subgroups: Naive, Saline and Zoledronic Acid groups at the concentration of 0.2 mg/kg [ZA (0.2)] or 1.0 mg/kg [ZA (1.0)]. The animals were subjected to i.v (dorsal penile vein) administrations of ZA or saline solution, on days 0, 7, 14 and 42. Under anesthesia, NiTi springs were installed in the first left maxillary molar with 50gf allowing the OTM, except for the negative control group (N) for mesial movement of the left first maxillary teeth. The animals were sacrificed and maxillae were removed for macroscopic and histopathological analyzes, scanning electron microscopy, computerized microtomography and confocal microscopy. Treatment with ZA decreased the OTM and the number of osteoclasts and loss of alveolar bone when compared to the naive and saline groups. Reduction of radicular resorption, increased necrotic areas and reduced vascularization in the periodontal ligament were observed in the ZA groups. ZA interferes with OTM and presents anti-resorptive effects on bone and dental tissues associated with a decreased vascularization, without osteonecrosis.

scholarly journals Raloxifene administration enhances retention in an orthodontic relapse model

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-377
Author(s):  
Niloufar Azami ◽  
Po-Jung Chen ◽  
Shivam Mehta ◽  
Zana Kalajzic ◽  
Eliane H Dutra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Bone Volume Fraction ◽  
Tissue Density

Abstract Background and objectives Orthodontic relapse is a physiologic process that involves remodelling of the alveolar bone and principle periodontal ligament fibres. Raloxifene is an Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved selective oestrogen receptor modulator that inhibits systemic bone loss. In our study, we examined the effects of Raloxifene on alveolar bone modelling and orthodontic relapse in a rodent model. Materials and methods The efficacy of raloxifene was evaluated in 15-week-old male Wistar rats, 8 in each group (Control, Raloxifene, Raloxifene + 7-day relapse, Raloxifene + 14-day relapse) for a total of 42 days. All animals had 14 days of orthodontic tooth movement with a closed nickel–titanium coil spring tied from incisors to right first molar applying 5–8 gm of force. On the day of appliance removal, impression was taken with silicon material and the distance between first molar and second molar was filled with light-cured adhesive resin cement for retention phase. Raloxifene Retention, Raloxifene Retention + 7D, Raloxifene Retention + 14D groups received 14 daily doses of raloxifene (2.0 mg/kg/day) subcutaneously after orthodontic tooth movement during retention. After 14 days of retention, the retainer was removed and right first molar was allowed to relapse for a period of 14 days. Raloxifene injection continued for the Raloxifene + 14-day relapse group during relapse phase too. Control group received saline injections during retention. Animals were euthanized by CO2 inhalation. The outcome measure included percentage of relapse, bone volume fraction, tissue density, and histology analysis using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining and determining receptor activator of nuclear factor-кB-ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin expression. Results Raloxifene Retention + 14D group had significantly less (P &lt; 0.05) orthodontic relapse when compared with other groups. There was a significant increase (P &lt; 0.05) in bone volume fraction and tissue density in the Raloxifene Retention + 14D group when compared with other groups. Similarly, there was significant decrease in number of osteoclasts and RANKL expression in Raloxifene Retention + 14D group when compared with Raloxifene Retention + 7D group (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion Raloxifene could decrease post-orthodontic treatment relapse by decreasing bone resorption and indirectly enhancing bone formation.

scholarly journals The role of active ingredients nanopowder Stichopus hermanii gel to bone resorption in tension area of orthodontic tooth movement

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Noengki Prameswari ◽  
Arya Brahmanta
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Chondroitin Sulphate ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Ingredients

Background: Orthodontic tooth movement is a continual and balanced process between bone deposition and bone resorption in pressure and tension sites. Stichopus hermanii is one of the best fishery commodities in Indonesia. It is natural and contains various active ingredients such as hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulphate, cell growth factor, eicosa pentaenoic acid (EPA) docosa hexaenoic acid (DHA) and flavonoid that potentially play a role in orthodontic tooth movement. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the active ingredients of nanopowder Stichopus hermanii promoting bone resorption in tension area orthodontic tooth movement. Methods: A quantitative test for active ingredients of stichopus hermanii was conducted. Thirty two male Cavia cobaya were divisibled became four groups. K (–) groups as a negative control group (without treatment), K (+) groups as a positive control group which were provided with a separator rubber for orthodontic tooth movement, and P1, P2 groups, which were treated with 3% and 3.5% stichopus hermanii for orthodontic tooth movement. After treatment the cavia cobaya were sacrificed. TRAP-6 expression as a osteoclast marker was examined by means of an immunohistochemistry method. Results: A one-way Anova test confirmed that TRAP-6 expression was significantly increased with p = 0.00 (p≤0,05) in P2 compared to K (+). P2 to K (–), P2 to P1 and P1 to K (+) had no significant differences Conclusion: Nanopowder Stichopus hermanii 3.5% has an active ingredient that could increase osteoclast activity to resorb periodontal ligament and alveolar bone in tension areas of orthodontic tooth movement.

Biologic Responses of Autogenous Bone and Beta-tricalcium Phosphate Ceramics Transplanted into Bone Defects to Orthodontic Forces

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Zakir Hossain ◽  
Shingo Kyomen ◽  
Kazuo Tanne
Keyword(s):  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Orthodontic Forces ◽  
External Stimuli

This study was conducted to evaluate biologic responses of autogenous bone (particulate marrow and cancellous bone; PMCB) and beta-tricalcium phosphate ceramics (TCPC) to orthodontic stimuli. Nine dogs served as the experimental animals; three dogs underwent orthodontic tooth movement after grafting, three dogs received PMCB grafting without tooth movement, and three dogs received TCPC grafting without tooth movement. Immediately after extraction of the upper second and/or third incisors, the maxillary alveolar bone was resected bilaterally. Autogenous PMCB obtained from the iliac bone and TCPC were transplanted into each bone defect. Experimental tooth movement was initiated 2 to 4 weeks after the grafting and continued for 9 to 15 weeks. Sectional archwires with open-coil springs were used for distal movement of the upper first incisors into the extraction sites. Oxytetracycline and calcein were employed as bone markers. Sections of grafted areas including the teeth were prepared for light and fluorescence microscopy. The results revealed that both autogenous bone and TCPC presented similar adaptive changes to the original alveolar bone without any external stimuli. TCPC exhibited more prominent biodegradative responses to orthodontic force in association with new cementum formation. Root resorption was also less in the TCPC area than in the PMCB region. It Is shown that TCPC is biodegradative In nature and adaptive for remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement. This finding indicates that TCPC may be a better biocompatible alternative to autogenous bone transplanted into bone defects subjected to orthodontic tooth movement.

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