The effect of high concentration of zoledronic acid on tooth induced movement and its repercussion on root, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone tissues in rats

AbstractZoledronic acid (ZA) is often prescribed for osteoporosis or resorptive metabolic bone disease. This study aims to evaluate the effect of ZA on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and root and bone resorption and its repercussion on root, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone tissues. The experimental group consisted of 72 Wistar rats divided in four subgroups: Naive, Saline and Zoledronic Acid groups at the concentration of 0.2 mg/kg [ZA (0.2)] or 1.0 mg/kg [ZA (1.0)]. The animals were subjected to i.v (dorsal penile vein) administrations of ZA or saline solution, on days 0, 7, 14 and 42. Under anesthesia, NiTi springs were installed in the first left maxillary molar with 50gf allowing the OTM, except for the negative control group (N) for mesial movement of the left first maxillary teeth. The animals were sacrificed and maxillae were removed for macroscopic and histopathological analyzes, scanning electron microscopy, computerized microtomography and confocal microscopy. Treatment with ZA decreased the OTM and the number of osteoclasts and loss of alveolar bone when compared to the naive and saline groups. Reduction of radicular resorption, increased necrotic areas and reduced vascularization in the periodontal ligament were observed in the ZA groups. ZA interferes with OTM and presents anti-resorptive effects on bone and dental tissues associated with a decreased vascularization, without osteonecrosis.

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The role of active ingredients nanopowder Stichopus hermanii gel to bone resorption in tension area of orthodontic tooth movement

Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) ◽

10.20473/j.djmkg.v50.i4.p188-193 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

pp. 188

Author(s):

Noengki Prameswari ◽

Arya Brahmanta

Keyword(s):

Bone Resorption ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Chondroitin Sulphate ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Active Ingredients

Background: Orthodontic tooth movement is a continual and balanced process between bone deposition and bone resorption in pressure and tension sites. Stichopus hermanii is one of the best fishery commodities in Indonesia. It is natural and contains various active ingredients such as hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulphate, cell growth factor, eicosa pentaenoic acid (EPA) docosa hexaenoic acid (DHA) and flavonoid that potentially play a role in orthodontic tooth movement. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the active ingredients of nanopowder Stichopus hermanii promoting bone resorption in tension area orthodontic tooth movement. Methods: A quantitative test for active ingredients of stichopus hermanii was conducted. Thirty two male Cavia cobaya were divisibled became four groups. K (–) groups as a negative control group (without treatment), K (+) groups as a positive control group which were provided with a separator rubber for orthodontic tooth movement, and P1, P2 groups, which were treated with 3% and 3.5% stichopus hermanii for orthodontic tooth movement. After treatment the cavia cobaya were sacrificed. TRAP-6 expression as a osteoclast marker was examined by means of an immunohistochemistry method. Results: A one-way Anova test confirmed that TRAP-6 expression was significantly increased with p = 0.00 (p≤0,05) in P2 compared to K (+). P2 to K (–), P2 to P1 and P1 to K (+) had no significant differences Conclusion: Nanopowder Stichopus hermanii 3.5% has an active ingredient that could increase osteoclast activity to resorb periodontal ligament and alveolar bone in tension areas of orthodontic tooth movement.

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The Comparison of Ostecyte in the Pressure area and Tension area on Tooth Movement Because of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy

DENTA ◽

10.30649/denta.v12i1.162 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 34

Author(s):

Arya Barahmanta ◽

Muhammad Faizal Winaris ◽

Pambudi Raharjo

Keyword(s):

Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽

Oxygen Therapy ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Bone Remodelling ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Pressure Area

Background: Orthodontic tooth movement is a interaction prosess of resorption and deposition of bone remodeling. Orthodontic tooth movement by mechanical strength causes changes in alveolar bone. Osteocyte is an essential cell to respond bone remodelling. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy affects production of osteocyte because it can release Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Nitrid Oxide (NO). Purpose: To determine the difference number of osteocyte in pressure and tension area during tooth movement by adjuvant of Hyperbaric Oxygen 2,4 ATA during 7 days starting on day 8 to day 14. Materials and Methods: This research used Completery Randomized Control Group Post Test Only Design. 36 cavia cobaya (male) were divided into 3 groups randomly : the negative control groups, positive control group, and treatment group. Preparat staining used Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) and calculated on microscop 1000x with 20 field of view. Data analyses used one way ANOVA and LSD test then compared each area by using paired T test. Result: The data showed that the treatment group (P=10,67) tension area has the highest number of osteocyte than negative control group (K-=3,67), positive control (K+=7,42). In the pressure area showed that negative control group (K-=5,00) has the highest than positive control group (K+=3,83) and treatment (P=3,25). Conclusion: Therapy HBO 2,4 ATA 7 days starting on day 8 to day 14 is could increase osteocyte in the tissue to stimulate process of bone remodelling.<pre> </pre>Keywords: Hyperbaric Oxygen, Tooth movement, Bone remodeling, Osteocyte Correspondence: Arya Brahmanta, Department of Orthodonty, Faculty of Dentistry, Hang Tuah University, Arif Rahman Hakim 150, Surabaya, Phone 031-5945864, Email: <a href="mailto:[email protected]">arya.brahmanta@hangtuah.ac.id</a>

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Effect of Methotrexate Injection on Orthodontic Tooth Movement: An Experimental Study on Rats

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2021/8451522 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Amin Golshah ◽

Khaled Omidi ◽

Nafiseh Nikkerdar ◽

Hedaiat Moradpoor ◽

Fatemeh Ghorbani

Keyword(s):

Blood Vessels ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Root Resorption ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Volume Ratio ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Negative Control ◽

Bone Volume ◽

Control Group

Introduction. Knowledge about the effects of medications, vitamins, and various supplements on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is imperative for orthodontists. This study aimed to assess the effect of methotrexate (MTX) injection on OTM in rats. Materials and Methods. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomized into four groups (n = 7). The first molar and central incisor were connected using a nickel-titanium (NiTi) coil spring with a 50 g load in each rat. The two experimental groups received 0.75 mg/kg and 1.5 mg/kg MTX, respectively, intraperitoneally for 21 days. The negative control group did not receive any injection and did not undergo orthodontic treatment. The positive control group underwent orthodontic treatment and received 0.9% saline (NaCl) injections for 21 days. All rats were sacrificed with chloroform inhalation after 21 days; their maxilla was resected, and the mean number of Howship’s lacunae, blood vessels, osteoclasts, and resorption lacunae was counted. The reduction in bone volume (bone volume to total volume ratio (BV/TV)) at the site of the maxillary molar was quantified by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). Results. OTM, the number of osteoclasts, and the number of blood vessels significantly increased in rats treated with MTX ( P < 0.05 ). However, the increase in the number of Howship’s lacunae and resorption lacunae was not significant ( P > 0.05 ). Lower BV/TV in the MTX groups was in agreement with the increased number of osteoclasts. Conclusion. Injection of MTX can significantly increase OTM and decrease root resorption in rats.

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Osteoclastic effects of mBMMSCs under compressive pressure during orthodontic tooth movement

Stem Cell Research & Therapy ◽

10.1186/s13287-021-02220-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jing Wang ◽

Delong Jiao ◽

Xiaofeng Huang ◽

Yuxing Bai

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Normal Saline ◽

Periodontal Ligament ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Mouse Bone Marrow ◽

Micro Ct ◽

Tail Vein

Abstract Background During orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), alveolar bone remodelling is closely related to mechanical force. It is unclear whether stem cells can affect osteoclastogenesis to promote OTM. This study aimed to investigate the role of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mBMMSCs) under compression load in OTM. Methods A mouse OTM model was established, and GFP-labelled mBMMSCs and normal saline were injected into different groups of mice by tail vein injection. OTM distance was measured using tissue specimens and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). The locations of mBMMSCs were traced using GFP immunohistochemistry. Haematoxylin-eosin staining, tartrate-resistant acid phosphate (TRAP) staining and immunohistochemistry of Runx2 and lipoprotein lipase were used to assess changes in the periodontal ligament during OTM. mBMMSCs under compression were co-cultured with mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (mBMMs), and the gene expression levels of Rankl, Mmp-9, TRAP, Ctsk, Alp, Runx2, Ocn and Osterix were determined by RT-PCR. Results Ten days after mBMMSCs were injected into the tail vein of mice, the OTM distance increased from 176 (normal saline) to 298.4 μm, as determined by tissue specimen observation, and 174.2 to 302.6 μm, as determined by micro-CT metrological analysis. GFP-labelled mBMMSCs were mostly located on the compressed side of the periodontal ligament. Compared to the saline group, the number of osteoclasts in the alveolar bone increased significantly (P < 0.01) on the compressed side in the mBMMSC group. Three days after mBMMSC injection, the number of Runx2-GFP double-positive cells on the tension side was significantly higher than that on the compression side. After applying compressive force on the mBMMSCs in vitro for 2 days, RANKL expression was significantly higher than in the non-compression cells, but expression of Alp, Runx2, Ocn and Osterix was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The numbers of osteoclasts differentiated in response to mBMMs co-cultured with mBMMSCs under pressure load and expression of osteoclast differentiation marker genes (Mmp-9, TRAP and Ctsk) were significantly higher than those in mBMMs stimulated by M-CSF alone (P < 0.05). Conclusions mBMMSCs are not only recruited to the compressed side of the periodontal ligament but can also promote osteoclastogenesis by expressing Rankl, improving the efficiency of OTM.

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Effects of 1% and 3% Mobe Leaf Extract Gel on Socket Wound Healing after Tooth Extraction

Dentika Dental Journal ◽

10.32734/dentika.v24i1.5327 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Olivia Avriyanti Hanafiah ◽

Denny Satria ◽

Avi Syafitri

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Tooth Extraction ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Gel Treatment

Tooth extraction is a process of removing teeth from the alveolar bone. In wound healing, fibroblast are very important cells. The main purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mobe leaf 1% and 3% extract gel (Artocarpus lakoocha) on fibroblast proliferation in post extraction tooth socket wound healing. This research used 16 samples of wistar rats, divided into 4 groups, a positive control group, a negative control group and a 1% and 3% mobe leaf extract gel group. The left mandibular incisors were extracted, then 1% and 3% gels of mobe leaf extract were applied on day 1 to day 7. Data analysis was calculated using the Kruskal-Wallis test on clinical data and one way ANOVA test for microscopic. The result of the socket wound healing activity test for a good concentration of mobe leaf extract gel was 3%. This research shows significant resultith p-value of 0.018 (< 0.05) on the closure of the socket wound clinically which means the closure of the wound accelerates because of the mobe leaf 3% extract gel treatment. The distance of fibroblast on microscopically shows significant resultith a p-value of 0.002 (< 0.05), which means that there was an enlargement of the distance fibroblast at the socket wound closure with application of mobe leaf 3% extract gel. From the results of the study it can be concluded that mobe leaf 3% extract gel has the best ability to show acceleration the closure of the socket wound either clinically or microscopically.

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Bone dehiscence formation during orthodontic tooth movement through atrophic alveolar ridges

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/063019-443.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 90 (3) ◽

pp. 321-329

Author(s):

Adilson Luiz Ramos ◽

Monique Cimão dos Santos ◽

Márcio Rodrigues de Almeida ◽

Carlos Flores Mir

Keyword(s):

Null Hypothesis ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Alveolar Ridge ◽

Bone Height

ABSTRACT Objectives To test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in bone dehiscence formation before and after orthodontic tooth movement through an atrophic alveolar ridge. Material and Methods This longitudinal retrospective study evaluated pretreatment and posttreatment cone-beam computed tomography imaging of 15 adult patients. Twenty-five teeth were moved through the atrophic alveolar bone, whereas 25 teeth not subjected to translational movement were considered controls. The distances between the cementoenamel junction and the alveolar bone crest were assessed at the mesial, distal, buccal, and lingual surfaces of all of these teeth. Data were compared using the Wilcoxon test. The Spearman correlation test and multivariate linear regression analysis were also performed. Results In general, crestal bone height was reduced around 0.5 mm in all groups in every direction. Median buccal dehiscence increased significantly (+2.25 mm) (P < .05) in teeth moved through the atrophic ridge. Control teeth also had buccal crest loss (+0.83 mm), but this was not statistically different from that of the experimental teeth. Lingual dehiscence increased significantly for the experimental (+0.17 mm) and control (+0.65 mm) groups. Mesial bone height decreased more in the control group (–0.44mm) than in the experimental group (–0.14mm). There was moderate correlation between amount of tooth movement and alveolar bone loss. Conclusions The null hypothesis was rejected as dehiscence increased after tooth movement through an atrophic alveolar ridge, mainly in the buccal plate.

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Effect of different periodontal ligament simulating materials on the incidence of dentinal cracks during root canal preparation

Journal of Dental Research Dental Clinics Dental Prospects ◽

10.15171/joddd.2018.030 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 196-200

Author(s):

Ajita Rathi ◽

Prateeksha Chowdhry ◽

Mamta Kaushik ◽

Pallavi Reddy ◽

Roshni Roshni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Periodontal Ligament ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Root Canal Preparation ◽

Impression Material ◽

Group 1

Background. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the incidence of dentinal cracks during root canal preparation with different periodontal ligament simulating materials in vitro. Methods. Seventy freshly extracted human mandibular first premolars were selected and divided into 7 groups in terms of simulating material: group 1: polyether impression material; group 2: polyvinyl acetate adhesive; group 3: polyvinyl siloxane impression material; group 4: cyanoacrylate adhesive; group 5: epoxy resin adhesive; group 6: positive control, without any periodontal ligament simulation; and group 7: negative control, where neither a periodontal ligament simulating material was used nor canal preparation was carried out. Root canal preparation was carried out in all the groups followed by sectioning of roots at 3 mm, 6 mm and 9 mm. The sections were evaluated under a stereomicroscope at ×2.5 for the presence or absence of cracks. Chi-squared test was used to compare the appearance of defective roots between the different experimental groups. Results. The least number of cracks were found in the negative control group, followed by group 1 where polyether impression material was used for periodontal ligament simulation. The difference was significant with a P-value of 0.002 for coronal sections. Conclusion. Under the limitation of the present study, polyether and polyvinyl siloxane (light body) can both be used for simulation of periodontal ligament.

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Biological Events in Periodontal Ligament and Alveolar Bone Associated with Application of Orthodontic Forces

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2015/876509 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

L. Feller ◽

R. A. G. Khammissa ◽

I. Schechter ◽

G. Thomadakis ◽

J. Fourie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Periodontal Ligament ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Bone Remodelling ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Review Article ◽

Tissue Changes ◽

Induced Stresses ◽

Orthodontic Forces

Orthodontic force-induced stresses cause dynamic alterations within the extracellular matrix and within the cytoskeleton of cells in the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, mediating bone remodelling, ultimately enabling orthodontic tooth movement. In the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, the mechanically induced tensile strains upregulate the expression of osteogenic genes resulting in bone formation, while mechanically induced compressive strains mediate predominantly catabolic tissue changes and bone resorption. In this review article we summarize some of the currently known biological events occurring in the periodontal ligament and in the alveolar bone in response to application of orthodontic forces and how these facilitate tooth movement.

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Locally Inhibition of Orthodontic Relapse by Injection of Carbonated Hydroxy Apatite-Advanced Platelet Rich Fibrin in a Rabbit Model

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.758.255 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 758 ◽

pp. 255-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ananto Ali Alhasyimi ◽

Pinandi Sri Pudyani ◽

Widya Asmara ◽

Ika Dewi Ana

Keyword(s):

Bone Remodeling ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Rabbit Model ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Potential Effect ◽

Control Group ◽

Hydroxy Apatite ◽

Carbonated Apatite ◽

Alveolar Bone Remodeling

Relapse is considered a significant failure after orthodontic treatment. In response to relapse, RANKL expressions will increase, while OPG expressions will decrease. CHA is thought to be one of an ideal candidate for enhancing bone formation. Moreover, a-PRF is a source high levels of growth factors that play a central role in the bone remodeling. This research was intended to investigate the effect of hydrogel CHA-aPRF in preventing relapse. Hydrogel-CHA was initially designed, with its degradation profile and FTIR (Fourie’s Transform Infrared) spectra were investigated as the basis to find out optimum formulation before incorporated with aPRF. Hydrogel-CHA microspheres were prepared in 3 different compositions: those were encoded 30-CHA, 40-CHA, and 50-CHA. After the hydrogel formulation and characterization were completed, 10 mL blood samples were collected, then centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 14 min. At the end of the centrifugation process, the aPRF clot was isolated and then pressed to obtain their releasate. The releasate aPRF was then loaded into the best formulation candidate of hydrogel CHA. The hydrogel incorporated aPRF was then gently injected on the mesial side of incisor gingival sulcus of the rabbit after orthodontic tooth movement. The FTIR analysis showed that carbonated apatite was successfully developed during the fabrication process of hydrogel-CHA microspheres. It was also known that degradation profile of 30-CHA was considered ideal compared to the other compositions. The application of CHA-aPRF (group C) was proven to significantly prevent relapse, indicated by lowest percentage of relapse 21 days after debonding (29.95±3.91%) compared to control group. Furthermore, it has been found that expressions of RANKL were significantly lowest (p<0.05) in group C on day 0, 3, and 7, while OPG expressions showed significantly highest (p<0.05) in group C on day 14 and 21 after debonding. These results indicate that incorporation of hydrogel-CHA has potential effect to enhance alveolar bone remodeling and prevent orthodontic relapse by stimulates OPG expression and suppresses RANKL expression.

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Histological changes during orthodontic tooth movement due to hyperbaric oxygen therapy

Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) ◽

10.20473/j.djmkg.v49.i2.p63-66 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 63

Author(s):

Arya Brahmanta ◽

Sutjipto Sutjipto ◽

Ida Bagus Narmada

Keyword(s):

Bone Remodeling ◽

Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy ◽

Periodontal Ligament ◽

Oxygen Therapy ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Control Group ◽

Ligament Size

Background: Mechanical force of orthodontics causes changes in periodontal ligament vascularization and blood flow, resulting in biochemical and cellular changes as well as changes in the contour of the alveolar bone and in the thickness of the periodontal ligaments. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is one of many solutions stimulating the growth of new blood vessels and increasing tissue oxygenation. Thus, HBO plays a role in recovery of periodontal ligament and osteoblasts. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effects of HBO therapy for seven days on periodontal ligament size and osteoblast number in the tension site during bone remodeling in tooth movement. Method: The study was true experimental laboratories with completely randomized control group post test only design. Twenty-four males guinea pigs were randomly divided into three groups. K0 was the control group without any treatment, K1 was the group given a mechanical orthodontic pressure, and K2 was the group treated with the addition of hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The maxillary incisors were moved distally by elastic separator. After HBO therapy on day 7, all of the groups were sacrificed, and then periodontal ligament size and osteoblast number were analyzed by one-way Anova and LSD statistical tests. Result: The results showed significant differences in the size of the periodontal ligament and the number of osteoblasts in the tension site among the groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: HBO therapy at 2.4 ATA for 7 days is effective in recovery of periodontal ligament and increased osteoblast number during bone remodeling in tension area of orthodontic tooth movement.

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