Effects of Long-term Oral Administration of Fluoride on the Physico-chemical Properties of Porcine Bone Mineral: Comparison between Cortical and Trabecular Bones.

Sorghum and wheat are the premier food grain crops of the peninsular central India and in particular of Maharashtra. There has been a phenomenal increase in its production after mid sixties with the introduction of high yielding varieties. Increase in production was achieved through increase in area as well as productivity. Inputs like improved seeds, irrigation, fertilizers etc. has given a boost to productivity. Continuous addition of chemical fertilizers poses problems like toxicity due to high amounts of salts as residues of fertilizer and deterioration of the physico-chemical properties. Organic manure ameliorates this problem as organic matter helps in increasing adsorptive power of soil for cations and anions particularly phosphate and nitrate. Long term manuring and fertilizer experiments conducted in India showed declining trend in productivity even with the application of NPK fertilizers under modern intensive farming. Neither organic source alone nor inorganic fertilizers can achieve sustainability in crop production under intensive agriculture, where nutrient turnover in soil-plant system is much higher. However, their combined use appeared promising in enhanced crop productivity besides improving soil fertility.

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Studies on Sediment Physico-Chemical Properties of the Ulhas River Flowing along Dombivli City near Mumbai

International Letters of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.52.11 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 52 ◽

pp. 11-21

Author(s):

Amol M. Jadhav ◽

Pravin U. Singare

Keyword(s):

Industrial Waste ◽

Waste Treatment ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Control Measures ◽

Pollution Level ◽

Pollution Load ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Heavy Pollution

Ulhas River which is one of the most polluted rivers of Mumbai receives heavy pollution load from the nearby Dombivali industrial belt. Previous studies reported along the Dombivali industrial belt has indicated that the pollution level is so much alarming that it has created threat to nearby residential areas and also to the Ulhas River flowing in the outskirts of the Dombivali City. It is feared that the toxic chemicals present in the industrial waste might affect the sediment ecosystem of the river. Hence this has provoked us to carry the systematic and detailed study of physico chemical properties of the sediment samples collected along the Ulhas River. The study was done during the year 2012 and 2013, at the sites where the industrial discharge from Dombivli industrial belt Phase I and Phase II joins the Ulhas River. The study was performed to understand the physico chemical properties such as pH, alkalinity, chloride and phosphates. Results of the study reveal that there is an urgent requirement for systematic and regular monitoring of pollution level along the Ulhas River which will further help in improving the industrial waste treatment procedure adopted, along the Dombivli industrial belt. It is expected that such scientific studies will be useful to determine the extent of pollution control measures required in order to avoid long term irreparable damage to the Ulhas River ecosystem.

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Strain Energy and Behaviour of Overconsolidated Soils

Canadian Geotechnical Journal ◽

10.1139/t67-054 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 326-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Elmer W Brooker

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Strain Energy ◽

Large Scale ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Earth Pressure ◽

Quantitative Evidence ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Overconsolidated Clays ◽

Overconsolidated Soils

Bjerrum recently presented a strain energy hypothesis which explains qualitatively the behaviour of overconsolidated clays and the phenomena of long-term slope failures in these soils. Quantitative evidence, gathered from a series of large-scale consolidation tests, is presented here which supports the strain energy hypothesis. The coefficient of earth pressure at rest was found to be a function of strain energy at a given value of OCR. It is also shown that the degree of disintegration of overconsolidated soils during a slaking test is related to strain energy. It is inferred from the results that mineralogy and the capacity of a soil to adsorb strain energy are related. The evidence suggests that certain physico-chemical properties may be quantitatively related to mechanical properties through the concept of strain energy.

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Effects of dietary fat and carbohydrate on appetite vary depending upon site and structure

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn20041137 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 92 (S1) ◽

pp. S23-S26 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Stephen French

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Food Intake ◽

Dietary Fat ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Present Review ◽

Dietary Composition ◽

Levels Of Processing ◽

Short Term ◽

Physico Chemical

The present review summarises the effects of different carbohydrate and fat structures on food intake and appetite and the differences in response at various levels of processing of macronutrients. Several physico-chemical properties of carbohydrate and fat molecules appear to influence the short-term satiating properties. However, long-term substantiation of these findings expressed in terms of food intake or body weight is not currently available. Such studies will be required to make clear recommendations regarding dietary composition to aid satiety.

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Impact of Physico-Chemical Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystal/Silver Nanoparticle Hybrid Suspensions on Their Biocidal and Toxicological Effects

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11071862 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1862

Author(s):

Dafne Musino ◽

Julie Devcic ◽

Cécile Lelong ◽

Sylvie Luche ◽

Camille Rivard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mammalian Cells ◽

Low Cost ◽

Aqueous Suspension ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Biocidal Activity ◽

Phagocytic Capacity ◽

Toxicological Effects ◽

Physico Chemical

There is a demand for nanoparticles that are environmentally acceptable, but simultaneously efficient and low cost. We prepared silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) grafted on a native bio-based substrate (cellulose nanocrystals, CNCs) with high biocidal activity and no toxicological impact. AgNPs of 10 nm are nucleated on CNCs in aqueous suspension with content from 0.4 to 24.7 wt%. XANES experiments show that varying the NaBH4/AgNO3 molar ratio affects the AgNP oxidation state, while maintaining an fcc structure. AgNPs transition from 10 nm spherical NPs to 300 nm triangular-shaped AgNPrisms induced by H2O2 post-treatment. The 48 h biocidal activity of the hybrid tested on B. Subtilis is intensified with the increase of AgNP content irrespective of the Ag+/Ag0 ratio in AgNPs, while the AgNSphere−AgNPrism transition induces a significant reduction of biocidal activity. A very low minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.016 mg AgNP/mL is determined. A new long-term biocidal activity test (up to 168 h) proved efficiency favorable to the smaller AgNPs. Finally, it is shown that AgNPs have no impact on the phagocytic capacity of mammalian cells.

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Physico-Chemical Properties of Antiseptics in Surgery: What is not Taken into Account in Treating Long-Term Non-Healing Wounds

Creative Surgery and Oncology ◽

10.24060/2076-3093-2021-11-3-256-259 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 256-259

Author(s):

V. P. Bodduluri ◽

K. G. Gurevich ◽

A. L. Urakov

Keyword(s):

Chemical Properties ◽

Local Effect ◽

Local Temperature ◽

Leading Role ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Purulent Wounds ◽

Healing Wounds ◽

Alkaline Activity ◽

Physical And Chemical

The treatment of long-term non-healing wounds in the conditions of purulent surgery departments, widely uses solutions of chemotherapeutic and antiseptic agents. The most common are the solutions of 3–6 % hydrogen peroxide and solutions of 2–10 % sodium chloride. As a rule, solutions of these drugs are used to treat non-healing, particularly, purulent wounds, bedsores and trophic ulcers. Therefore, solutions are injected into the wound area repeatedly in the form of course therapy. The findings show that the mechanism of action of these drugs and the effect of treating long-term non-healing wounds is largely determined by such physical and chemical factors of their local interaction as concentration of the main ingredients, osmotic, alkaline activity and local temperature. The findings point out the leading role of the local temperature and the dependence of the local effect on the concentration. They describe the essence of the innovative method of treatment.

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Assessment of Chemical and Biological Parameters in Sorghum-Wheat Cropping Sequence under Long Term Fertilization - A Review

10.31220/osf.io/485fb ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Jayalakshmi Mitnala

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Organic Manure ◽

Chemical Fertilizers ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽

Continuous Use ◽

Dynamic Population

Continuous addition of chemical fertilizers poses problems like toxicity due to high amounts of salts as residues of fertilizer and deterioration of the physico-chemical properties. Organic manure ameliorates this problem as organic matter helps in increasing adsorptive power of soil for cations and anions particularly phosphate and nitrate. The continuous use of chemical fertilizers over a long period may cause imbalance in the microbial population and there by indirectly affect the biological properties. The microbial biomass, which is the total sum of all microorganisms present in soil, serves as a temporary sink for nutrients including nitrogen and can be considered as an index of soil fertility. Soil harbours dynamic population of microorganisms, which play major role in decomposition of organic matter and transformation of plant nutrients. The availability of organically bounded nitrogen through transformation in soil to the plant mainly depends on the population of microorganisms, which may be influenced by the application of inorganic fertilizers and organic manure.

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Biochar can be used to capture essential nutrients from dairy wastewater and improve soil physico-chemical properties

Solid Earth ◽

10.5194/se-5-953-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 953-962 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

T. A. Ghezzehei ◽

D. V. Sarkhot ◽

A. A. Berhe

Keyword(s):

Chemical Properties ◽

C Sequestration ◽

Agricultural Runoff ◽

Dairy Manure ◽

Dairy Wastewater ◽

Soil Productivity ◽

Essential Nutrients ◽

Ammonium N ◽

Physico Chemical

Abstract. Recently, the potential for biochar use to recapture excess nutrients from dairy wastewater has been a focus of a growing number of studies. It is suggested that biochar produced from locally available excess biomass can be important in reducing release of excess nutrient elements from agricultural runoff, improving soil productivity, and long-term carbon (C) sequestration. Here we present a review of a new approach that is showing promise for the use of biochar for nutrient capture. Using batch sorption experiments, it has been shown that biochar can adsorb up to 20–43% of ammonium and 19–65% of the phosphate in flushed dairy manure in 24 h. These results suggest a potential of biochar for recovering essential nutrients from dairy wastewater and improving soil fertility if the enriched biochar is returned to soil. Based on the sorption capacity of 2.86 and 0.23 mg ammonium and phosphate, respectively, per gram of biochar and 10–50% utilization of available excess biomass, in the state of California (US) alone, 11 440 to 57 200 tonnes of ammonium-N and 920–4600 tonnes of phosphate can be captured from dairy waste each year while at the same time disposing up to 8–40 million tons of excess biomass.

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