scholarly journals Relationship between post-ovulation time and fertilization rate of eggs in artificial insemination of sevenband grouper Epinephelus septemfasciatus

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-392
Author(s):  
HISASHI CHUDA ◽  
NI LAR SHEIN ◽  
KAORI MIZUNO ◽  
KADOO MIYAKI ◽  
KIYOSHI SOYANO
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Epinephelus Septemfasciatus

scholarly journals 19 LOW-DOSE DEEP INTRAUTERINE INSEMINATION IN SOWS UNDER CONDITIONS: INCIDENCE OF UNILATERAL FERTILIZATIONS

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Martinez ◽  
J.M. Vazquez ◽  
I. Parrilla ◽  
C. Cuello ◽  
M.A. Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Chi Square Test

A new procedure for nonsurgical deep intrauterine insemination (DUI) in non-sedated sows has recently been reported (Martinez et al. 2002 Reproduction 123, 163–170). In comparison to traditional artificial insemination (AI), using this procedure, a 20-fold reduction in the number of spermatozoa inseminated can be used without a decrease in fertility when hormonally treated post-weaning estrous sows are used. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of DUI under field conditions. In Experiment 1, crossbred sows (2–6 parity) were weaned at 20.75 ± 0.06 days. Estrous detection was performed once per day, beginning 3 days after weaning. Sows with a weaning to estrus interval of 4–5 days were selected to be inseminated. A total of 190 sows were inseminated at 12, 24, and 36 h after onset of estrus using one of the following two regimes: (1) DUI with 150 × 106 fresh spermatozoa in 5 mL of BTS (n = 95) and (2) Traditional AI with 3 × 109 fresh spermatozoa in 100 mL of BTS (n = 95) prepared from the same semen samples used for the DUI group. Farrowing rates (FR) and litter sizes (LTS; mean ± SEM) from both groups were compared using chi-squared test and ANOVA, respectively. There was no significant difference in the FR between groups (83.2 and 86.3% for DUI and AI groups, respectively). However, a decrease (P < 0.001) in the LTS was observed in sows inseminated by the DUI procedure (9.8 ± 0.29 and 10.9 ± 0.17, respectively). In Experiment 2, seventy one natural post-weaning estrus sows were used. Fifty-five sows were DUI inseminated three times with 150 (n = 17), 300 (n = 19), or 600 (n = 19) × 106 spermatozoa in 5, 10, or 20 mL of BTS, respectively. The remaining sows (n = 16) were traditionally inseminated. On Day 6 after estrus, sows were subjected to laparotomy and the tips of both uterine horns were flushed in order to evaluate pregnancy rate (PR: percentage of sows with at least 4 viable embryos) and fertilization rate (ratio of viable embryos to the total number of embryos and oocytes). PR was similar in all the groups, ranging from 84.2% (DUI 300 × 106 spermatozoa group) to 94.7% (DUI 600 × 106 spermatozoa group). Fertilization rate and the percentage of bilateral fertilization after DUI with 600 × 106 spermatozoa did not differ from those of the AI group (97.8 and 100% vs. 98.4 and 100%, respectively), but a significant decrease in both parameters (P < 0.05; chi-square test) was observed in sows inseminated with 300 (94.3 and 87.5%) or 150 (84.4 and 66.7%) × 106 spermatozoa. In conclusion, DUI with 150 × 106 spermatozoa offers similar FR but a lower LTS in sows with natural estrus in comparison with those parameters obtained when traditional AI is used. The lower litter size could be related to the low percentage of bilateral fertilization observed in that group. This work was supported by CDTI 020003.

scholarly journals 10 TIMED ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN CATTLE WITH REDUCED DOSAGE OF SPERMATOZOA

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
F. Becker ◽  
H. Alm ◽  
F. Schneider ◽  
H. Nehring ◽  
L. Rothe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
High Fertilization ◽  
Predetermined Time

Estrus detection and determination of time of insemination are very important factors in reproduction management of cattle. Therefore an estrus synchronization schedule in combination with induction of ovulation and a single insemination at a predetermined time in dairy cattle was established to achieve high pregnancy rates (Kanitz etal. 2002 Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 42, 587–599; Becker et al. 2004). The aim of the recent study was to investigate the influence of the number of spermatozoa per insemination dosage on embryo development and the interrelationship between number of accessory sperms per embryo and its development using this schedule. In total 116 German Holstein heifers received GnRH (i.m.; 0.05 mg Gonavet®, Veyx, Schwarzenborn, Germany) 60 h after PGF2α application (i.m.; 0.5 mg Cloprostenol forte®, Jenapharm, Jena, Germany) administered between Days 8 and 14 of the estrous cycle. Artificial insemination was carried out 13 h after GnRH application. Three different dosages of spermatozoa (15 × 106, 5 × 106, and 1 × 106) from three ejaculates from four fertile bulls were used. Embryos and oocytes were flushed from the oviducts of animals ovulated (n = 106; ovulation rate 91.3%). Animals were slaughtered on Day 4 after insemination. The quality of the embryos and oocytes was evaluated by microscopic examination. Embryos were stained with Hoechst 33258 to verify the number of accessory sperm. The evaluation of the data was carried out with the GLM procedure of the statistics software package SAS® (SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC, USA). As a post-hoc test the Student’s t-test was used. Significance was set at P = 0.05. After flushing of 106 animals, 85 embryos and oocytes was recovered (recovery rate 80.2%). Relative to the three sperm concentrations, there were no significant differences among fertilization rates (92.3, 96.2, and 78.8%) and among the portions of normal developed embryos (84.6, 80.7, and 75.8%, all respectively) between groups. Interestingly, significant differences were found according to the mean number of accessory sperm/embryo (29.6 ± 8.4, 45.3 ± 8.6, and 6.5 ± 7.2, respectively) and in the portion of embryos without or with more than 10 accessory sperm/embryo. Results show that fixed-time insemination, independent of detection of onset of estrus can result in high fertilization rates. Insemination with dosages <5 × 106 spermatozoa can reduce fertilization rates. Likewise, significant differences regarding fertilization rate were found after insemination of reduced sperm dosages of individual bulls. The number of accessory sperms/embryo seems to be an irrelevant parameter for quality of embryos produced under described conditions.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF SEXUAL CYCLICITY AND FERTILIZATION OF HEIFERS AND COWS

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 192-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Sharapa ◽  
O. V. Boiko
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Long Term Experiments

In long-term experiments on 5080 heifers and 8700 cows of dairy breeds, they studied the usefulness of sexual cycles and the fertility of animals. In experiments on 60 heifers, it was found that the average duration of heat is 49–51 hours, and of sexual hunt – 12.3 hours with natural pairing of heifers, 12.8 hours – using a bull-probe and 14.2 hours – with artificial insemination. Ovulation took place 10–12.3–14.9 hours after the end of the hunt, respectively, and the fertilization rate from the first insemination was 86.3–79.0–73.7%. Under the conditions of farms, the fertility of heifers was within 64.5–77.6%. Younger heifers fertilized better when they reached a live weight of 350 kg. 83% of heifers had full sexual cycles, and metrorrhagia was found in 25% of animals. In cows 77% of animals had complete sexual cycles and the fertilization rate from the first insemination was 48–61%. Metrorrhagia was recorded in 29% of cows with hypofunctional processes in the uterus and ovaries.

scholarly journals Relationship between Post-ovulation Time and Fertilization Rate of Eggs in Artificial Insemination of Tiger Puffer, Takifugu rubripes.

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 993-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Chuda ◽  
Michiya Matsuyama ◽  
Youichi Hara ◽  
Takeyoshi Yada ◽  
Shuhei Matsuura
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Takifugu Rubripes ◽  
Tiger Puffer

scholarly journals PENGARUH SUMBER SPERMATOFORA PADA INSEMINASI BUATAN INDUK BETINA UDANG WINDU TURUNAN PERTAMA (F-1) TERHADAP PEMIJAHAN, KUALITAS TELUR, DAN LARVA TURUNANNYA (F-2)

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Samuel Lante ◽  
Usman Usman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Wild Male ◽  
Tiger Shrimp ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Egg Diameter

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pemijahan udang windu betina F-1 dan mutu telur, serta larva turunannya (F-2) dengan inseminasi buatan menggunakan sumber spermatofora udang jantan yang berbeda. Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah induk udang windu betina F-1 diinseminasi menggunakan spermatofora dari sumber induk jantan berbeda yaitu: spermatofora induk jantan F-1 hasil budidaya (S-1), dan spermatofora induk jantan alam (S-A). Data pemijahan induk betina, kualitas telur, dan profil asam amino pada daging dan hepatopankreas jantan, serta morfologi larva dianalisis secara deskriptif, sedangkan data uji vitalitas larva dianalisis uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa induk udang windu betina F-1 yang diinseminasi dengan perlakuan S-1 memiliki tingkat pemijahan 67%; fekunditas 179.257 butir/induk; total produksi telur 1.434.053 butir; tingkat pembuahan telur 86,2%; daya tetas telur 59,8%; dan total produksi nauplii 738.439 ekor yang lebih rendah dibandingkan pada induk udang F-1 yang diinseminasi perlakuan S-A yang memiliki tingkat pemijahan 75%; fekunditas 215.489 butir/induk; total produksi telur 1.939.399 butir; tingkat pembuahan telur 88,9%; daya tetas telur 62,7%; dan total produksi nauplii 1.081.140 ekor. Sementara diameter telur (248-255 µm) dan mutu larva relatif sama di antara kedua perlakuan. Profil asam amino hepatopankreas dan daging pada induk udang jantan alam lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada induk udang jantan F-1. Penggunaaan spematofora jantan alam masih lebih baik daripada jantan budidaya pada inseminasi induk betina F-1 udang windu.This study was aimed at evaluating the spawning rate of F-1 female tiger shrimp and the quality of their egg and larvae derivatives (F-2) by artificial insemination using different sources of male shrimp spermatophore. The treatments consisted of broodstock of F-1 female tiger shrimp inseminated with different male spermatophores, namely: cultivated F-1 male spermatophore (S-1), and wild male spermatophore (S-A). Data on spawning performance of F-1 female tiger shrimp and amino acid profile in the hepatopancreas and muscle of male tiger shrimp and larval morphology were analyzed descriptively.The vitality of larvae was analyzed using t-test. The results showed that the broodstock of F-1 female tiger shrimp inseminated with S-1 treatment had spawning rate of 67%; fecundity of 179,257 egg; total egg production of 1,434,053 eggs; egg fertilization rate of 86.2%; hatching rate of 59.8%; and total nauplii production of 738,439 ind. Broodstock of F-1 female inseminated with S-A treatment had higher values for spawning rate of 75%, fecundity of 215,489 egg; total egg production of 1,939,399 egg; egg fertilization rate of 88.9%; hatching rate of 62.7%; and total nauplii production of 1,081,140 ind. The produced egg diameter (248-255 ¼m) and larva quality were relatively same between the two treatments. Amino acid profiles in the hepatopancreas and muscle were higher in the wild male broodstock compared to the cultivated (F-1) male broodstock. In conclusion, wild male spermatophore is generally better than the cultivated F-1 male spermatophore for artificial insemination of female broodstock F-1. 

21 THE INJECTION OF CORTISOL TO UTERUS INCREASES THE IMPLANTATION RATE AND LITTER SIZE IN PIG ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION USING CYROPRESERVED SPERMATOZOA

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
M. Shimada ◽  
T. Okazaki
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Implantation Rate ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Novel Method

Cryopreserved boar spermatozoa are not routinely available to swine artificial insemination (AI) because conception and farrowing rates, along with litter size, have remained low. We have reported the positive roles of seminal plasma in frozen–thawed sperm functions (Okazaki et al. 2009 Theriogenology 71, 491–498). Moreover, the injection of seminal plasma to uterus with frozen–thawed spermatozoa significantly increased the implantation rate. Thus, the factors in seminal plasma act not only on sperm but also on uterus to induce successful fertilization and implantation in pig AI using cryopreserved spermatozoa. To test this hypothesis, we identified the factors in seminal plasma and then developed novel pig AI method using cryopreserved spermatozoa. The sperm-rich fraction was collected weekly from each boar using the gloved-hand technique. The seminal plasma was removed just after collection by centrifuge and then was frozen as described in our previous study (Okazaki et al. 2009 Theriogenology 71, 491–498). When the frozen–thawed sperm was incubated with Fluo-3/AM to determine the level of intercellular Ca2+, the level of Ca2+ was increased in a time-dependent manner, and spontaneous capacitation that was judged by tyrosine phosphorylation of sperm protein by Western blotting (Shimada et al. 2008 Development 135, 2001–2011), was also induced in post-thawed sperm. The addition of EGTA to thawing solution significantly suppressed the Ca2+-induced capacitation. Moreover, the treatment increased fertilization rate in in vitro fertilization and in vivo in artificial insemination as similar as those in sperm with seminal plasma. The same number of blastocyst was collected from uterus by AI using post-thawed sperm with EGTA. However, the pregnancy rate remained low, and the number of leukocytes in the uterus was increased. In the next experiment, we examined in seminal plasma, the level of cortisol that has been known to play an important role in controlling immune function. The results showed that cortisol (1.0 ng mL–1) was detected in seminal plasma. When the sows of natural oestrus were twice artificial inseminated with or without cortisol, the injection of cortisol (5 μg/50 mL) to uterus with sperm significantly decreased the number of leukocytes in the uterus or endometrium at 24 to 36 h after AI. The low number of leukocytes in the uterus was similar to that in uterus injected fresh semen. The cortisol injection significantly increased the implantation rate and litter size of sows as compared to AI without cortisol (implantation rate; 83% v. 51%, litter size; 10.6 v. 7.3). From these results, we concluded that the injection of cortisol with frozen–thawed spermatozoa by EGTA-containing solution was a novel method of pig AI using cryopreserved spermatozoa. This work was supported by the Programme for Promotion of Basic and Applied Researches for Innovations in Bio-oriented Industry, and JST-Grant (No. 12-068 and No. 12-104).

Inseminating dose for the artificial fertilization of Brycon amazonicus (Teleostei: Characidae)

Zygote ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Rosilane Gomes de Souza de Oliveira ◽  
Marle Angélica Villacorta-Correa
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Segmented Regression ◽  
Artificial Reproduction ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
Male Gametes ◽  
Oocyte Fertilization ◽  
Artificial Fertilization ◽  
Segmented Regression Model

Summary Knowledge of the sperm–oocyte ratio in fish fertilization serves as the basis for studies on artificial reproduction and gamete manipulation. The aim of this study was to determine the minimum insemination dose for Brycon amazonicus oocyte fertilization. Female and male gametes were used and tested with the following doses of spermatozoa oocyte–1 ml–1: 10,000, 20,000, 40,000, 60,000 and 80,000 (in triplicate). Fertilization rates were calculated and estimated from the regression equation by applying the segmented regression model ‘Linear Response Plateau’ to determine the appropriate proportion of gametes. Based on the equation Ŷ = 14.3415 + 0.0007836X, the fertilization rate increased up to 63.34% as it reached a plateau with a proportion of 62,524 spermatozoa oocyte–1 ml–1, which is the minimum insemination dose recommended for artificial insemination of the species.

scholarly journals A 2 year follow-up of effects of biotechniques on reproduction in the domestic rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Fischer ◽  
G. Meuser-Odenkirchen
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Expected Number ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Domestic Rabbit ◽  
Reproductive Techniques ◽  
Natural Mating

Routinely employed reproductive techniques such as gonadotropin treatment (0·3 mg follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) subcutaneously twice daily for three consecutive days) followed by natural mating or artificial insemination as well as induction of ovulation by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (75 i.u. hCG intravenously) were analysed in the rabbit after 2 years of consecutive experiments. 85% of gonadotropin-treated animals mated spontaneously. All 222 FSH-primed donor rabbits and 59 hCG-injected non-primed controls ovulated. The average number of ovulations per female was 30 (FSH and hCG) and 7·4 (hCG only). The fertilization rate was 88%, and 22·7 embryos were recovered per FSH-treated donor rabbit. With increasing time after mating the embryo recovery rate decreased (day 1 post coitum (p.c.), 36 embryos per rabbit; day 3 p.c., 26 embryos per rabbit; day 5 p.c., 16 embryos per rabbit) and a higher percentage of females had no embryos recovered. Embryo recovery was poor in donors with ovulation numbers greater than 40. Artificial insemination of non-receptive females yielded smaller numbers of embryos compared with natural mating. Differences in fertility between the seasons of the year was revealed to be small. We conclude that gonadotropin treatment is efficient in increasing the number of embryos. Management of laboratory rabbits (dating, mating and expected number of embryos) is more predictable, and experiments can be performed successfully in all seasons of the year. However, the incidence of embryonic mortality seems to be increased when gonadotropin treatment is applied.

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