Gingival Health of Porcelain Laminate Veneered Teeth: A Retrospective Assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 452-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Arif ◽  
JB Dennison ◽  
D Garcia ◽  
P Yaman
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Fluid Collection ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

SUMMARY Statement of Problem: The long-term effect of the presence of porcelain laminate veneers (PLVs) on the health of the surrounding gingival issues is not available in the restorative literature. Purpose: To assess the long-term effect of PLVs on the health of the surrounding gingival tissues. A secondary aim was to correlate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) scores with clinical parameters used for gingival health assessment in teeth treated with PLVs. Methods and Materials: Patients who received PLVs placed at the Graduate Restorative Clinic within a seven- to 14-year period were recalled for clinical evaluations. Periodontal measurements including gingival index (GI), periodontal pocket depth (PPD), gingival recession (GR), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured using a standard probe and indices. Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) was measured with a Periotron machine (Periotron 8000, Oraflow Inc), using Periopaper (Periopaper Gingival Fluid Collection Strip, Oraflow Inc.) for fluid collection. Photographs of any observed clinical defect were taken. Data were tabulated using Excel 2010 (Microsoft Corp). Statistical analysis for all descriptive statistics was performed using SPSS 21 (SPSS Software, IBM Corp.) and Stata SE 13 (Stata Software, StataCorp). Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done to test for statistical significance of the mean pocket depths between the restored and unrestored surfaces of the veneered teeth. The significance level for all tests was p<0.05. Pearson's correlation coefficient was performed for testing statistical significance between GCF and GI and between GCF and PPD. Results: The frequency distribution of the GI included 47 PLVs (43%) with normal gingiva, 16 (15%) with mild inflammation, and 46 (42%) with moderate inflammation and bleeding on probing. The average PPD on the facial surface of the maxillary and mandibular PLVs was 2.17 mm and 2.16 mm, respectively. On the lingual surface, the average PPD was 2.10 mm for maxillary and 2.22 mm for mandibular PLVs. Gingival recession was seen in 27% of the evaluated PLVs. The repeated-measures ANOVA revealed p≥0.136, showing no statistical difference in the mean pocket depths between restored facial and unrestored lingual surfaces of the veneered teeth. A moderate correlation (r=0.407) was found between GCF and GI, which was significant at p<0.001. No correlation (r=0.124) was found between GCF and PPD, which was not significant at p=0.197. Conclusions: Gingival response to the evaluated PLVs was in the satisfactory range, with overall GI scores ranging between normal and moderate inflammation, pocket depths ranging from 1 to 2 mm, and recession present in 27% of the evaluated PLVs. No statistically significant difference was found between the mean pocket depths of the restored and unrestored surfaces of veneered teeth (p≥0.136). A moderate correlation was found between GCF and GI.

scholarly journals Assessment of Changes in Nickel and Chromium Levels in the Gingival Crevicular Fluid during Fixed Orthodontic Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 675-678
Author(s):  
Vinny Bhasin ◽  
Swati J Pustake ◽  
Viprat Joshi ◽  
Anil Tiwari ◽  
Meenakshi Bhasin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Induced Response ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Ph Variation ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

ABSTRACT Background Various components of appliances used in fixed orthodontic treatment are fabricated from materials that are highly resistant in nature and have high strength and biocompatibility. Corrosion of materials occurs inside the oral cavity due to numerous environmental or oral factors that act on them. These factors include temperature, pH variation, salivary conditions, mechanical loads, microbiological and enzymatic activity, and various food components. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is the material obtained from the gingival sulcus and might act as a potential source for various biomarkers in the orthodontic setup because inflammatory-induced response is directly related to orthodontic forces in GCF. In the light of above-mentioned data, we planned this study to assess and evaluate the changes occurring in nickel and chromium levels in the GCF during fixed orthodontic treatment. Materials and methods This study included assessment of 30 patients who underwent fixed orthodontic treatment. Three samples were taken from the GCF of the patients giving a total of 90 samples. The samples were collected at the following time intervals: At baseline (pretreatment time), 1 month after the start of orthodontic treatment, and at 6 months after the commencement of orthodontic treatment. Cellulose strips were used for isolation of the tooth region. For GCF collection, a standardized cellulose acetate absorbent strip was used. Placement of the strips was done in the sulcus for 60 seconds for the collection of the samples. Refrigeration of the specimen bottles was done for a minimum of 7 days and was then sent to a laboratory where specimens were transferred for atomic absorption spectrophotometry. All the results were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software. Results At 1 month, the mean value of nickel and chromium in GCF was found to be 4.5 and 4.9 μg/gm of GCF respectively. While comparing the mean nickel levels between 1 and 6 months and between baseline and 6 months, significant results were obtained. Significant results were also obtained while comparing the mean values of chromium in GCF between baseline and 6 months and between 1 and 6 months. Gingival health index of the patients was found to be associated with increased inflammation with the progression of time of orthodontic treatment. Conclusion Levels of nickel and chromium might show considerable elevation in the GCF with time along with an increase in the severity of inflammation in the gingival health in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. Clinical significance Regular oral prophylaxis of the patients undergoing orthodontic treatment should be done to avoid toxicities caused by the release of nickel and chromium and for maintenance of good oral hygiene and oral health. How to cite this article Bhasin V, Pustake SJ, Joshi V, Tiwari A, Bhasin M, Punia RS. Assessment of Changes in Nickel and Chromium Levels in the Gingival Crevicular Fluid during Fixed Orthodontic Treatment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(8):675-678.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 and -8 Secretion in Gingival Crevicular Fluid after Gingival Recession Therapy via MCAT with Either Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft or Collagen Matrix

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 731
Author(s):  
Anna Skurska ◽  
Violetta Dymicka-Piekarska ◽  
Robert Milewski ◽  
Małgorzata Pietruska
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Gingival Thickness ◽  
Connective Tissue Graft ◽  
Tissue Graft ◽  
Keratinized Tissue ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine and estimate the changing levels of matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 8 (MMP-1 and MMP-8) in GCF at consecutive stages of healing after root coverage procedure via modified coronally advanced tunnel (MCAT) combined with either sub-epithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) or collagen matrix (CM) and also to relate those changes to clinical outcomes of both therapeutic approaches. Materials and methods: The study involved 20 patients with a total of 91 recessions. Those on one side of the mandible received MCAT plus CM while the contralateral ones MCAT plus SCTG. The evaluation of MMP-1 and MMP-8 concentrations in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) took place at baseline, then at 1, 2, and 4 weeks, and finally at 3 months after surgery. Elisa protocol was applied to determine the levels of MMP-1 and MMP-8 in GCF. Results: Three-month observation revealed statistically significant changes in MMP-1, MMP-8 and Sulcus Fluid Flow Rate (SFFR) values after implementation of both techniques. A correlation was found between a difference in MMP-1 concentrations and gain in Keratinized Tissue (KT) after SCTG and CM. MMP-8 levels and a Gingival Thickness (GT) gain observed after CM was also correlated. Conclusions: A type of augmentative material does appear to determine the dynamics of MMP-1 secretion.

scholarly journals Long-Term Effect of Endoscopic Sympathetic Nerve Reconstruction for Side Effects after Endoscopic Sympathectomy

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (06) ◽  
pp. 484-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Telaranta ◽  
Tuomo Rantanen
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Nerve Reconstruction ◽  
Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy ◽  
Thoracic Sympathectomy ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Primary Hyperhidrosis ◽  
The Mean

Background Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS) is an effective treatment for primary hyperhidrosis. However, compensatory sweating (CS) may occur in many patients. Sympathetic nerve reconstruction (SNR) can be used to counteract severe CS, but the studies on the effects of SNR are few. Patients and Methods Nineteen out of 150 SNR patients were contacted by employing a long-term questionnaire. In this questionnaire, different kinds of sweating were evaluated using a four-graded symptom analysis and the visual analog scale before ETS, after ETS, and after SNR. Results The mean age of the 16 male and 3 female patients at the SNR was 32 years. The mean follow-up was 87 months. According to the long-term questionnaire, the benefit was either excellent (4 patients, 21%), good (3 patients, 15.8%), or reasonable (7 patients, 36.8%) in 14 patients (73.8%), while the benefit was questionable in 1 patient (5.3%). For three patients (15.8%), no benefit was found, and in one patient (5.3%), the situation had deteriorated. Conclusions Improvement in the side effects of ETS after SNR was found in nearly 75% of the patients. This indicates that SNR can be considered as an alternative treatment for patients with severe CS after ETS that is unresponsive to conservative treatment.

Abstract 16884: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Guided by Spatiotemporal Electrogram Dispersion

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Liu ◽  
Arismendy Nunez-Garcia ◽  
Cao Tran ◽  
Michael Wu
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Atrial Tachycardia ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) guided by spatiotemporal dispersion (SD) of electrograms has been proposed as an ablation strategy to treat patients with persistent AF. However, external validation of this technique is lacking. Here we report a single center experience using ablation by SD. Hypothesis: Targeting regions with SD is associated with a high rate of termination and favorable freedom from AF among patients with persistent AF. Methods: Patients with persistent AF who underwent SD from November 2018 to January 2020 were included in this study. All patients underwent pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in addition to targeting areas of SD. Lesions on areas of electrogram dispersion were anchored to the PVI or to mitral or posterior wall lines where appropriate. EKG, Holter, event monitors or device interrogations were obtained at 3 and 6 months to assess for arrhythmia recurrence. Results: 44 patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The patients had a mean age of 69±8 years and were 68 % male. The prevalence of comorbidities was as follows: hypertension (89%), diabetes (21%), OSA (37%) and CAD (26%). Average CHADSVASC score was 2.9±1.4, LVEF was 53±11% and left atrium (LA) diameter was 5.2±1 cm. The recurrence rate of AF at 6 months was 14% whereas the recurrence of atrial tachycardia was 20%. Acute AF termination was observed in 73% of the patients. Termination to sinus occurred in 38% of the patients and the remaining terminated to atrial tachycardia which was subsequently ablated to sinus. The mean procedure duration was 240±90 minutes. Univariate analysis showed recurrence was associated with LA diameter (r=.52; p<.001). No recurrences were observed among patients with a LA diameter < 5 cm. Termination rates were higher among patients with LA diameter < 5 cm when compared to LA diameter ≥ 5 cm. However, it did not reach statistical significance (80% vs. 60%; p=.21). Conclusions: The target of electrograms with SD during AF ablation added to PVI was associated with a high termination rate and a good freedom from AF recurrence at 6 months. The ideal candidate for this procedure may be those with LA diameter < 5 cm among persistent AF. The long-term efficacy of this technique merits further studies in larger populations.

scholarly journals Effect of Tobacco Cessation on Weight in a Veteran Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272096365
Author(s):  
Crystal Zhou ◽  
Nicole G. Tran ◽  
Timothy C. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Tobacco Cessation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Weight Outcomes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Statistical Change

Introduction/Objectives: Weight gain concerns remain a barrier to tobacco cessation. Literature suggests that weight gain can occur after stopping tobacco, but continuing tobacco can have far worse outcomes. Limited information is available regarding weight gain in military personnel. The objective of this study was to evaluate weight change in veterans that stopped tobacco for a minimum of 12 months enrolled in a pharmacist managed telephone tobacco cessation clinic (PMTTCC). Methods: A retrospective analysis of veterans who had been tobacco-free for 12 months enrolled in a PMTTCC were included in this analysis. Primary outcomes were change in weight (kg) and body mass index (BMI) from baseline. Descriptive data were utilized where appropriate and paired t-tests were utilized for the primary outcomes. Results: Seventy-seven patients were screened and 10 were excluded. Sixty-seven veterans met inclusion criteria and were mostly male (91%, n = 61) and Caucasian (74.6%, n = 50). At 12 months post cessation, the mean weight gain was (1.81 kg ± 6.83, P = .03) and BMI (0.51 ± 2.23 kg/m2, P = .06). Conclusions: Veterans appeared to have minimal weight gain despite statistical significance and no statistical change with BMI after 12 months of being tobacco-free. Results suggest that the long-term weight gain is minimal, and a comprehensive tobacco cessation program can be helpful to improve weight outcomes.

scholarly journals Serum Folate Forms Are Stable during Repeated Analysis in the Presence of Ascorbic Acid and during Frozen Sample Storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 993-1002
Author(s):  
Neelima Paladugula ◽  
Zia Fazili ◽  
Maya R Sternberg ◽  
Gwendolyn Gabey ◽  
Christine M Pfeiffer
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Storage Stability ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Repeat Analysis ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Serum folate forms, and particularly tetrahydrofolate, are sensitive to oxidation. Methods Using a repeated measures design, we investigated the stability of folate forms in convenience samples with added ascorbic acid (AA; 5 g/L) analyzed initially and after variable (approximately 1–33 weeks) storage time at −70 °C. We examined the recovery of tetrahydrofolate added at different spiking levels to serum with and without AA (5 g/L). We also assessed the long-term frozen storage stability of folate forms. Results Repeat analysis produced consistent results with the initial analysis; the mean relative change (95% CI; Lin's concordance correlation between initial and repeat result; sample size) was 0.08% (−0.24% to 0.39%; rc = 0.999; n = 301) for 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, 4.23% (2.44%–6.05%; rc = 0.984; n = 211) for pyrazino-s-triazine derivative of 4α-hydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofolate (MeFox), −0.22% (−1.90% to 1.49%; rc = 0.986; n = 214) for folic acid, and 1.49% (−2.71% to 5.88%; rc = 0.889; n = 81) for tetrahydrofolate. Linear regression testing for a time trend indicated an estimated average percent change of less than ±5% for samples retested after 4 months: 5-methyltetrahydrofolate Ptrend = 0.0007, folic acid Ptrend &lt; 0.0001, MeFox Ptrend = 0.38, and tetrahydrofolate Ptrend = 0.0256. The mean ± SD tetrahydrofolate spiking recovery was 96.7% ± 9.4% for serum with added AA, but &lt;50% for serum without added AA. We observed ≤10% loss for most serum folate forms during 4 years of storage at −70 °C. Conclusions Serum containing added AA showed acceptable stability of folate forms during repeat analysis from the same vial within 4 months, complete spiking recovery of tetrahydrofolate during sample processing, and long-term frozen storage stability of folate forms.

Long-term effect of natalizumab in patients with RRMS: TYSTEN cohort

2020 ◽  
pp. 135245852093623
Author(s):  
Kévin Bigaut ◽  
Thibaut Fabacher ◽  
Laurent Kremer ◽  
Jean-Claude Ongagna ◽  
Arnaud Kwiatkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Cumulative Probability ◽  
Secondary Progressive ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Background: Data are needed on long-term effect of natalizumab (NTZ) in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Objectives: To evaluate the time of onset of secondary progressive phase in patients with an RRMS treated with NTZ and to investigate predictive factors. Methods: TYSTEN is an observational study. Patients starting NTZ between 2007 and 2012 were included and followed up until October 2018. Relapses, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores, and results of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were collected each year. Data were used to estimate the cumulative probability of several poor outcomes such as secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) conversion, EDSS worsening, EDSS 4.0, and EDSS 6.0. Results: 770 patients were included. The mean follow-up duration was 97 months and the mean time exposure to NTZ was 66 months. At 10 years, the cumulative probability of SPMS was 27.7%. Predictive factors for poor outcomes were a ⩾1-point increase in EDSS score from baseline, new T2 lesion or T1 gadolinium-enhancing lesion, the occurrence of relapse at 1 or 2 years and No Evidence of Disease Activity (NEDA-3; no relapse, no new T2 or T1 gadolinium-enhancing lesions, no progression) was a protective factor. Conclusion: In our cohort of patients treated with NTZ, poor outcomes were infrequent and are driven by disease activity.

Scaphotrapeziotrapezoid (STT)-Arthrodesis in Kienböck’s Disease

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 580-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. MEIER ◽  
M. VAN GRIENSVEN ◽  
H. KRIMMER
Keyword(s):  
Functional Result ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Kienböck’S Disease ◽  
Kienböck's Disease ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Kienbock’S Disease

This study reviews the results of 59 of 84 patients with severe Kienböck’s disease who were treated with STT fusion. The average follow-up period was 4 (ranges: 2–8) years. The average arc of wrist extension and flexion was 67° (60% of the contralateral side, 81% of pre-operative range) and that of ulnar and radial deviation was 31° (52% of the contralateral side, 56% of pre-operative range). Pre-operative pain values (VAS) were 56 (non-stress) and 87 (stress) and were significantly higher than the postoperative values of 12 (non-stress) and 41 (stress). Grip strength improved from 45 kPa pre-operatively to 52 kPa postoperatively. The mean modified Mayo wrist score was 63 points. The patients reported low disability in the DASH scores, with an average of 28 points. Our data show that STT fusion is a reliable and effective treatment for pain relief and offers a good functional result in advanced stages of Kienböck’s disease. However the long-term effect of this procedure on radioscaphoid and other intercarpal joints is yet to be determined.

Effect of Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding on Nasal Symmetry in Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip/Palate Patients after Primary Cheiloplasty without Concomitant Nasal Cartilage Dissection

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 935-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Liang ◽  
Jinfeng Yao ◽  
Philip K.T. Chen ◽  
Cangshang Zheng ◽  
Jiying Yang
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Deformity Correction ◽  
Nasal Cartilage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cleft Lip Palate ◽  
Nasoalveolar Molding

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) on long-term nasal symmetry and shaping after primary cheiloplasty in patients with unilateral complete cleft lip/palate (UCL/P). Design: This was a two-group, parallel, retrospective, randomized clinical trial. Setting: The setting for this study was the Chang Gung Craniofacial Center in Taoyuan, Taiwan. Patients: Patients were divided into one of the following two groups: infants with UCL/P who underwent PNAM (PNAM group, n = 42) and infants with UCL/P who did not undergo PNAM (non-PNAM group, n = 42). Interventions: Interventions included PNAM and primary cheiloplasty without nasal cartilage dissection. Main Outcome Measures: In this study, 4- to 5-year postoperative full-face and submental oblique photographs were taken of all patients and scored from 1 to 5 points by 10 medical evaluators. The scores were statistically analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance, and P < .05 was considered to represent statistical significance. Results: After 1 to 3 months of PNAM but before primary cheiloplasty, the displaced nasal and alveolar cartilage showed obvious improvement. However, the scores in the PNAM and non-PNAM groups at 4 to 5 years postoperatively were 66.62 ± 14.25 and 66.31 ± 15.08, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( F = 0.009, P = .923). Conclusion: PNAM as an early-stage adjunctive therapy for nasal deformity correction is beneficial before primary cheiloplasty, but it is insufficient to maintain long-term nostril symmetry after primary cheiloplasty without nasal cartilage dissection.

OBSERVATIONS ON SUCCESSIVE PRO-OESTROUS LH SURGES IN INDIVIDUAL 4-DAY CYCLING AND POST-PSEUDOPREGNANT RATS

1978 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto J. Carrillo ◽  
Charles H. Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stimulation ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
The Other ◽  
Peak Amplitude ◽  
Lh Surge ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT The internal variations (i. e. in timing, duration and amplitude) of the LH surge mechanism within individual rats were examined by monitoring from 3 to 7 successive pro-oestrous LH surges in each of 5 regular 4-day cycling rats fitted with chronic intravenous cannulas. On each successive pro-oestrus blood was collected (0.5–0.6 ml hourly from 14.00–21.00) for radioimmunoassay of LH. The surgery of cannulation had no long-term effect on the regularity of the oestrous cycle. Two rats did, however, show briefly irregular cycles, including one with a 9-day period of anoestrus (pseudopregnancy). In three of the five rats successive pro-oestrous plasma LH curves (4 in one and 3 each in the other two) were internally very consistent in timing, shape and amplitude, However, between each 2 of these 3 animals there were distinct differences in the LH secretory patterns, by as much as 2 h in timing of the onset of the surge and its peak amplitude. The first two surges of the other two rats were atypical of their subsequent surges, which were mostly consistent in timing and amplitude. The pro-oestrous LH surge following the 9-day period of anoestrus was advanced by 2 h and elevated to twice the mean peak amplitude of the cyclic LH surges in that rat. Subsequently, post-PSP surges were studied in rats made pseudopregnant by mechanical stimulation of the cervix. In all cases the immediate post-PSP surge occurred earlier in the afternoon and with a greater peak amplitude than the subsequent cyclic LH surge in the same rat.

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