scholarly journals Effect of Tobacco Cessation on Weight in a Veteran Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272096365
Author(s):  
Crystal Zhou ◽  
Nicole G. Tran ◽  
Timothy C. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Tobacco Cessation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Weight Outcomes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Statistical Change

Introduction/Objectives: Weight gain concerns remain a barrier to tobacco cessation. Literature suggests that weight gain can occur after stopping tobacco, but continuing tobacco can have far worse outcomes. Limited information is available regarding weight gain in military personnel. The objective of this study was to evaluate weight change in veterans that stopped tobacco for a minimum of 12 months enrolled in a pharmacist managed telephone tobacco cessation clinic (PMTTCC). Methods: A retrospective analysis of veterans who had been tobacco-free for 12 months enrolled in a PMTTCC were included in this analysis. Primary outcomes were change in weight (kg) and body mass index (BMI) from baseline. Descriptive data were utilized where appropriate and paired t-tests were utilized for the primary outcomes. Results: Seventy-seven patients were screened and 10 were excluded. Sixty-seven veterans met inclusion criteria and were mostly male (91%, n = 61) and Caucasian (74.6%, n = 50). At 12 months post cessation, the mean weight gain was (1.81 kg ± 6.83, P = .03) and BMI (0.51 ± 2.23 kg/m2, P = .06). Conclusions: Veterans appeared to have minimal weight gain despite statistical significance and no statistical change with BMI after 12 months of being tobacco-free. Results suggest that the long-term weight gain is minimal, and a comprehensive tobacco cessation program can be helpful to improve weight outcomes.

Gingival Health of Porcelain Laminate Veneered Teeth: A Retrospective Assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 452-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Arif ◽  
JB Dennison ◽  
D Garcia ◽  
P Yaman
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Fluid Collection ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

SUMMARY Statement of Problem: The long-term effect of the presence of porcelain laminate veneers (PLVs) on the health of the surrounding gingival issues is not available in the restorative literature. Purpose: To assess the long-term effect of PLVs on the health of the surrounding gingival tissues. A secondary aim was to correlate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) scores with clinical parameters used for gingival health assessment in teeth treated with PLVs. Methods and Materials: Patients who received PLVs placed at the Graduate Restorative Clinic within a seven- to 14-year period were recalled for clinical evaluations. Periodontal measurements including gingival index (GI), periodontal pocket depth (PPD), gingival recession (GR), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured using a standard probe and indices. Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) was measured with a Periotron machine (Periotron 8000, Oraflow Inc), using Periopaper (Periopaper Gingival Fluid Collection Strip, Oraflow Inc.) for fluid collection. Photographs of any observed clinical defect were taken. Data were tabulated using Excel 2010 (Microsoft Corp). Statistical analysis for all descriptive statistics was performed using SPSS 21 (SPSS Software, IBM Corp.) and Stata SE 13 (Stata Software, StataCorp). Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done to test for statistical significance of the mean pocket depths between the restored and unrestored surfaces of the veneered teeth. The significance level for all tests was p<0.05. Pearson's correlation coefficient was performed for testing statistical significance between GCF and GI and between GCF and PPD. Results: The frequency distribution of the GI included 47 PLVs (43%) with normal gingiva, 16 (15%) with mild inflammation, and 46 (42%) with moderate inflammation and bleeding on probing. The average PPD on the facial surface of the maxillary and mandibular PLVs was 2.17 mm and 2.16 mm, respectively. On the lingual surface, the average PPD was 2.10 mm for maxillary and 2.22 mm for mandibular PLVs. Gingival recession was seen in 27% of the evaluated PLVs. The repeated-measures ANOVA revealed p≥0.136, showing no statistical difference in the mean pocket depths between restored facial and unrestored lingual surfaces of the veneered teeth. A moderate correlation (r=0.407) was found between GCF and GI, which was significant at p<0.001. No correlation (r=0.124) was found between GCF and PPD, which was not significant at p=0.197. Conclusions: Gingival response to the evaluated PLVs was in the satisfactory range, with overall GI scores ranging between normal and moderate inflammation, pocket depths ranging from 1 to 2 mm, and recession present in 27% of the evaluated PLVs. No statistically significant difference was found between the mean pocket depths of the restored and unrestored surfaces of veneered teeth (p≥0.136). A moderate correlation was found between GCF and GI.

scholarly journals Higher Caloric Refeeding Is Safe in Hospitalised Adolescent Patients with Restrictive Eating Disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth K. Parker ◽  
Sahrish S. Faruquie ◽  
Gail Anderson ◽  
Linette Gomes ◽  
Andrew Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Tube Feeding ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Refeeding Syndrome ◽  
Restrictive Eating ◽  
Weight Restoration ◽  
The Mean

Introduction. This study examines weight gain and assesses complications associated with refeeding hospitalised adolescents with restrictive eating disorders (EDs) prescribed initial calories above current recommendations.Methods. Patients admitted to an adolescent ED structured “rapid refeeding” program for >48 hours and receiving ≥2400 kcal/day were included in a 3-year retrospective chart review.Results. The mean (SD) age of the 162 adolescents was 16.7 years (0.9), admission % median BMI was 80.1% (10.2), and discharge % median BMI was 93.1% (7.0). The mean (SD) starting caloric intake was 2611.7 kcal/day (261.5) equating to 58.4 kcal/kg (10.2). Most patients (92.6%) were treated with nasogastric tube feeding. The mean (SD) length of stay was 3.6 weeks (1.9), and average weekly weight gain was 2.1 kg (0.8). No patients developed cardiac signs of RFS or delirium; complications included 4% peripheral oedema, 1% hypophosphatemia (<0.75 mmol/L), 7% hypomagnesaemia (<0.70 mmol/L), and 2% hypokalaemia (<3.2 mmol/L). Caloric prescription on admission was associated with developing oedema (95% CI 1.001 to 1.047;p=0.039). No statistical significance was found between electrolytes and calories provided during refeeding.Conclusion. A rapid refeeding protocol with the inclusion of phosphate supplementation can safely achieve rapid weight restoration without increased complications associated with refeeding syndrome.

Abstract 16884: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Guided by Spatiotemporal Electrogram Dispersion

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Liu ◽  
Arismendy Nunez-Garcia ◽  
Cao Tran ◽  
Michael Wu
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Atrial Tachycardia ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) guided by spatiotemporal dispersion (SD) of electrograms has been proposed as an ablation strategy to treat patients with persistent AF. However, external validation of this technique is lacking. Here we report a single center experience using ablation by SD. Hypothesis: Targeting regions with SD is associated with a high rate of termination and favorable freedom from AF among patients with persistent AF. Methods: Patients with persistent AF who underwent SD from November 2018 to January 2020 were included in this study. All patients underwent pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in addition to targeting areas of SD. Lesions on areas of electrogram dispersion were anchored to the PVI or to mitral or posterior wall lines where appropriate. EKG, Holter, event monitors or device interrogations were obtained at 3 and 6 months to assess for arrhythmia recurrence. Results: 44 patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The patients had a mean age of 69±8 years and were 68 % male. The prevalence of comorbidities was as follows: hypertension (89%), diabetes (21%), OSA (37%) and CAD (26%). Average CHADSVASC score was 2.9±1.4, LVEF was 53±11% and left atrium (LA) diameter was 5.2±1 cm. The recurrence rate of AF at 6 months was 14% whereas the recurrence of atrial tachycardia was 20%. Acute AF termination was observed in 73% of the patients. Termination to sinus occurred in 38% of the patients and the remaining terminated to atrial tachycardia which was subsequently ablated to sinus. The mean procedure duration was 240±90 minutes. Univariate analysis showed recurrence was associated with LA diameter (r=.52; p<.001). No recurrences were observed among patients with a LA diameter < 5 cm. Termination rates were higher among patients with LA diameter < 5 cm when compared to LA diameter ≥ 5 cm. However, it did not reach statistical significance (80% vs. 60%; p=.21). Conclusions: The target of electrograms with SD during AF ablation added to PVI was associated with a high termination rate and a good freedom from AF recurrence at 6 months. The ideal candidate for this procedure may be those with LA diameter < 5 cm among persistent AF. The long-term efficacy of this technique merits further studies in larger populations.

Long-term visual, anterior and posterior corneal changes after crosslinking for progressive keratoconus

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110528
Author(s):  
Abdelrahman Salman ◽  
Ali Ali ◽  
Shaaban Rafea ◽  
Rana Omran ◽  
Buraa Kubaisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Corrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽  
Hyperopic Shift ◽  
The Mean

Aim To evaluate the long-term outcomes of corneal cross-linking (CXL) in patients with progressive keratoconus. Method In this retrospective non-comparative study, forty-five eyes of 31 patients with progressive keratoconus were treated with 30 min “epi-off” corneal cross-linking. The visual, refractive, topographic and tomographic outcomes were evaluated preoperatively and at least 10 years after cross-linking. Results Ten years post-corneal cross-linking, the mean anterior maximum keratometry decreased (−2.10 ± 3.25 D, P = 0.0001). Conversely, the posterior maximum keratometry increased (6.38 ± 9.79 D, P = 0.065). Both uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity improved (LogMAR −0.08 ± 0.30) and (LogMAR −0.05 ± 0.21), respectively (P > 0.05, both). A statistically significant hyperopic shift was observed postoperatively (0.70 ± 1.31 D, P = 0.0009). The anterior topographic cylinder values revealed no change (−0.17 ± 1.31 D, P = 0.3), whereas the mean posterior cylinder values decreased (absolute value increased) significantly compared to baseline from −1.31 ± 0.97 D to −1.82 ± 1.78 D, (P < 0.05). The minimum corneal thickness values decreased significantly (−35.11 ± 48.63 µm, P = 0.0001). Four eyes (8.8%) showed more than 1 D increase in the anterior maximum keratometry. Conclusion This protocol and duration of Epi-off corneal cross-linking was found to be effective in halting keratoconus progression over the follow up period (10 years). Anterior corneal flattening and a hyperopic shift were observed. A statistically significant increase in the posterior corneal cylinder was observed. Although, not reaching statistical significance, the logMAR uncorrected and corrected visual acuity were improved.

Autologous Adipose Tissue Injection of Vocal Cords in Presbyphonia

2021 ◽  
pp. 019459982110452
Author(s):  
Ramón González-Herranz ◽  
Andrés Navarro-Mediano ◽  
Estefanía Hernández-García ◽  
Guillermo Plaza
Keyword(s):  
Medical Center ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Maximum Phonation Time ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Objective This series evaluates the long-term results of autologous adipose injection (AAI) in patients older than 65 years with presbyphonia. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Academic secondary medical center. Methods This was a retrospective study with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. All patients underwent AAI for atrophy of both vocal folds due to presbyphonia. We measured subjective parameters as Voice Handicap Index–10 (VHI-10) or GRBAS scale (grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, strain) and objective measures such as maximum phonation time (MPT) or square pixel closure defect. We reviewed the medical records of patients undergoing AAI during the 2011-2018 period. An analysis of the demographic variables of the group was performed, as well as the values of VHI-10, GRBAS, and MPT, and the minimum closure defect measured in square pixels and the number of closed frames in the glottal cycle before and after the intervention. Results At 12 months, 17 of 18 patients reported subjective and VHI-10 improvement. The mean preoperative VHI-10 (26.7) was significantly higher than the postoperative value (14.4), and the GRBAS scale had a preoperative mean of 8.7 and a postoperative mean of 4.3, both with statistical significance. MPT increased from 7.7 to 12.4 seconds ( P < .0001). The minimum closure defect measurements obtained in square pixels changed from 305 to 124, achieving complete closure in 3 patients. The closed phase of the glottal cycle change from 14.3% to 38.2% after the AAI. Conclusions AAI improves long-term vocal fold closure, demonstrating utility in patients with presbyphonia.

scholarly journals Transsphenoidal Surgery for Cushing Disease

Neurosurgery ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Ciric ◽  
Jin-Cheng Zhao ◽  
Hongyan Du ◽  
James W. Findling ◽  
Mark E. Molitch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Cushing Disease ◽  
Transsphenoidal Microsurgery ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract BACKGROUND This is a retrospective study of 136 patients with Cushing disease treated with transsphenoidal microsurgery. OBJECTIVE To evaluate factors influencing immediate postoperative results and long-term outcomes. METHODS Data regarding clinical presentation, endocrine evaluation, imaging studies, surgical technique, immediate postoperative biochemical remission (IPBR), and long-term results were entered into a database and analyzed statistically. IPBR was based on biochemical evidence of adrenal cortical insufficiency and clinical evidence of such insufficiency. RESULTS IPBR for the entire series was 83.4%. In microadenomas, IPBR was 89.8% with a mean immediate postoperative plasma cortisol (IPPC) of 2.1 μg/dL (range, &lt;0.5-5.3). Positive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was associated with 18 times greater odds of finding microadenoma at surgery (P &gt; .001) and with 4.1 times greater odds of IPBR (P = .07). In patients with a negative MRI, a positive inferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS) test was associated with 93% of IPBR (P = .004). IPBR in macroadenomas was 30.7%. Of patients followed for 12 months or longer, 34.8% required glucocorticoid replacement for the duration of follow-up. The mean follow-up in microadenomas was 68.4 months with a 9.67% incidence of recurrences. The estimated actuarial incidence of recurrences increased with the passage of time and IPPC of greater than 2 μg/dL was associated with higher incidence of recurrences, although without statistical significance (P = .08). CONCLUSION In microadenomas, a positive MRI and positive IPSS test were associated with a higher incidence of IPBR. Recurrences increased with the passage of time, and an IPPC of greater than 2 μg/dL may be associated with higher incidence of recurrences.

Smoking Cessation and Weight Gain in Smokers Participating in a Behavioral Treatment at 3-Year Follow-up

1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 999-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisardo Becoña ◽  
Fernando L. Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Smoking Cessation Program ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences

This study assessed the weight gain for the short- and long-term (36 mo. follow-up) in a sample of 158 smokers (71 men and 87 women), who participated in a multicomponent behavioral smoking-cessation program. Weight was evaluated with a self-reported questionnaire, with an over-all mean pretreatment weight of 65.3 Kg ( SD = 12.6). All individuals tended to gain weight. Afterwards, the mean for quitters ( n = 42) increased by 2.0 Kg at 36-mo. follow-up and the mean for nonquitters ( n = 116) by 0.6 Kg. Among abstinent people no significant differences were found by sex at 36 mo. but significant mean differences were found in those subjects (quitters) older than 35 yr. who gained 4.1 Kg compared with 1.2 Kg in the group 35 yr. or younger.

Long-term outcome of laminectomy for cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Eon Lee ◽  
Chun Kee Chung ◽  
Tae-Ahn Jahng ◽  
Hyun-Jib Kim
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Japanese Orthopaedic Association ◽  
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament ◽  
Clinical Impression ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
The Mean

Object Although laminectomy is an effective surgical technique for the treatment of multilevel cervical stenotic lesions, postoperative kyphosis and neurological deterioration have been frequently reported after laminectomy. Hence, laminectomy without fusion is seldom performed nowadays. However, the clinical impression from the long-term follow-up of patients who had undergone laminectomy does not support that postoperative kyphosis is common in patients with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). In this paper, the authors assessed the long-term outcome of laminectomy for cervical OPLL in terms of the changes in the cervical curvature and in the neurological status. Methods The authors retrospectively reviewed medical records and radiological images in patients who had undergone cervical laminectomy between 1999 and 2009. The preoperative and the final follow-up status recovery rate were assessed using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scale. The cervical global angle and range of motion (ROM) were measured preoperatively and at the last follow-up. The cervical spine was classified into 3 types: lordotic, straight, and kyphotic. Results A total of 34 patients were available for medical record review and telephone interviews. There were 28 men and 6 women, whose mean age at the time of surgery was 57.8 years. The mean follow-up period was 57.5 months. The mean preoperative JOA score was 10.7, and the JOA score at the last follow-up was significantly improved to 14.3 (p < 0.001) with a recovery rate of 56.3%. The JOA score at each postoperative follow-up point increased until 6 years postoperatively; thereafter, it gradually decreased. The mean preoperative global angle was −11.3° and the most recent global angle was −8.4°. The preoperative ROM was 33.9° and the most recent ROM was 27.4°. There was no statistical significance in the change of cervical curvature or ROM. Preoperatively, 29 of the 34 patients had a lordotic cervical curvature and 5 patients had a straight spine. At last follow-up, 24 patients had a lordotic curvature, 3 patients changed from lordosis to kyphosis, and 7 patients had a straight spine. One patient whose cervical curvature changed from lordosis to kyphosis during the follow-up period underwent cervical fusion 9 years after the laminectomy procedure. Conclusions The long-term outcome of laminectomy for cervical OPLL is satisfactory in terms of the clinical and radiological aspects. The risk of postlaminectomy kyphosis was not high, raising the possibility that the OPLL itself may serve as a support for the spinal column.

Powered Intracapsular Tonsillectomy in the Management of Recurrent Tonsillitis

2007 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Schmidt ◽  
Amanda Herzog ◽  
Steven Cook ◽  
Robert O'Reilly ◽  
Ellen Deutsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chart Review ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Streptococcal Pharyngitis ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Recurrent Tonsillitis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Intracapsular Tonsillectomy

OBJECTIVE: To compare intracapsular tonsillectomy (IT) and traditional tonsillectomy (TT) in treating recurrent adenotonsillitis or streptococcal pharyngitis. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Tertiary care pediatric referral center. RESULTS: Of 166 patients who met all inclusion criteria, 117 received TT and 49 received IT. Seventeen TT patients and 8 IT patients were treated at least once postoperatively for streptococcal pharyngitis or tonsillitis. The mean number of infections after surgery in each group did not reach statistical significance ( P = 0.295). CONCLUSION: There was no difference between the IT and TT groups in postoperative infection rates.

scholarly journals Association Between Physician Recommendation for Adolescents to Join a Weight Loss Program and BMI Change

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Susan J. Woolford ◽  
Bethany J. Sallinen ◽  
Sarah J. Clark ◽  
Heidi B. IglayReger ◽  
Paul M. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Physician Recommendation ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Weight Loss Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Loss Method ◽  
Selection Of

Objective: To explore whether reasons for enrollment in a pediatric multidisciplinary weight management program (PMWMP) are associated with subsequent weight loss. Method: A retrospective analysis of obese adolescents (12-18 years old, body mass index [BMI] > 95th percentile) who enrolled in a PMWMP from April 2007 to March 2009, and had BMI measurements at weeks 1 and 12. Reasons for enrollment were obtained from parents’ responses to an enrollment questionnaire (which allowed selection of more than one reason). The most common reasons for enrollment were computed. Linear regression was used to explore associations between mean change in BMI and reasons for enrollment, controlling for demographic and anthropometric factors. Results: Most of the 90 adolescents who met the inclusion criteria were female (70%) and white (57%). Mean age was 14.5 years and mean initial BMI was 42 kg/m2. The most common reasons for enrolling in the PMWMP were due to concerns about adolescents’ physical health (96%), concerns about adolescents’ mental health (76%), and because of a physician recommendation (73%). The mean 12-week change in BMI showed a greater decrease for those who enrolled due to a physicians’ recommendation versus those who did not (−1.5 vs −0.5 kg/m2: P < .05). This finding remained significant even when controlling for the covariates of interest. Conclusions: A physician’s recommendation to join a PMWMP appears to be associated with greater weight loss among obese adolescents than other reasons for enrollment. Further research should explore how physician involvement affects long-term weight loss.

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