Hubungan Hujan dan Limpasan Pada Sub DAS Kecil Penggunaan Lahan Hutan, Sawah, Kebun Campuran di DAS Kreo

Tendency of land use conversion is followed by maximum discharge of Kreo River, but unknown land use type what which can race improvement of runoff. Purpose of the research is study the relation of rainfall runoff at forest, rice field, and mixed garden. Research about rainfall runoff study is including research type of experiment for purpose of descriptive, through observation of rain data and water level at small watershed with one land use types that is forest, rice field, and mixed garden. Instrument of rain and water level attached at small watershed during the rains 2007.Data analysis comprises analysis of stream hydrograph, rain analysis, stream coefficient, and statistic analysis as well. Big the so small runoff value is more determined by rainfall amounts happened non land use type. Number of big rains at one land use will yield big runoff also, while the same rainfall amounts at some land use types will yield varying runoff follows land use type and condition of soil At small watershed (less than 200 ha), the relation of rainfall (P) with direct runoff (DRO) has very strong correlation (R2 bigger than 0.7). Relation between rain intensity (I) with DRO; I with peak discharge (Qp); duration of rain (DR) with DRO; DR with Qp indicated weak reaction (R2 less than 0.3). It indicated there were many factors (more than 70%) which influenced the above mentioned relations. Runoff coefficient value at forest was 0,3566, mix forest was 0,4227, rice field was 0,6661, and mixed garden was 0,4227. Land ability to permeate in the forest (65%) is bigger than mixed garden (57%) and rice field (33%).

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Drinking Water Security in the Mid-hill Region of Nepal

ASEJ Scientific Journal of Bielsko-Biala School of Finance and Law ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0014.1351 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 44-48

Author(s):

Durga D. Poudel ◽

Timothy W. Duex ◽

Roshan Poudel

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Water Samples ◽

Water Security ◽

Total Coliform ◽

Spring Water ◽

Land Use Type ◽

Hill Region ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Spring Type

Drinking water security is increasingly becoming a global concern in recent decades. The mid-hill region of Nepal is also experiencing serious water shortages in recent years. In order to assess the availability of drinking water in the mid-hill regions of Nepal, we studied hydrogeology, land use types and collected water samples from 30 springs in Kavre, Kahmandu Valley, Nuwakot and Tanahu in Nepal between July 17-September 12, 2017. For each sampling spring, while surrounding land use type (mixed, agriculture, urban, vegetation) and spring type (fracture, depression, contact) were determined through field observation, the field pH, conductivity and temperature was determined using relevant probes and thermometers. Water samples were collected in 1L and 165mL plastic bottles for chemical and total coliform determination, respectively, in the lab. Bottles were rinsed twice using spring water before filling them with sample water, then stored in an ice chest, and brought to the lab. In the laboratory, turbidity, conductivity, Ca, Mg, HCO3, SO4, Na, NO3, Cl, Fe, As, and total coliform were determined using standard methods. Spring water in agricultural areas showed significantly higher suspended solids compared to other land use types whereas spring water in urban areas showed significantly higher dissolved substances. By spring type, turbidity and conductivity values and the concentration of dissolved constituents (Ca, Mg, HCO3, SO4, NO3, and Cl) were ranked in the order of fracture < contact < depression. Na and Fe concentration were in the order of fracture = contact < depression. By land-use type, conductivity and dissolved constituents (Ca, Mg, HCO3) were in the order of agriculture < vegetation < mixed < urban. Whereas urban land use had the highest values for SO4, Na, NO3, and Cl, other land use types showed variable order. Fe concentration was ranked in the order of urban < mixed < vegetation < agriculture. Total coliform was in the order of mixed < agriculture < urban < vegetation. These results indicate that land use type and surface condition, which is possibly associated with human activities, heavily affect spring water properties in the region. These results suggest that drinking water security of mid-hill region of Nepal is threatened heavily due to poor spring water quality. Protection of drinking water sources should be specific to land use type and activities around the springs. Index Terms— three to six pertinent, specific to the paper, keywords added after the abstract, separated by commas.

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EFEK SUMUR RESAPAN TERHADAP PENGURANGAN VOLUME LIMPASAN PERMUKAAN

GANEC SWARA ◽

10.35327/gara.v14i1.131 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 537

Author(s):

I WAYAN YASA ◽

SASMITO SOEKARNO ◽

I DEWA GEDE JAYA NEGERA

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Ground Water ◽

Water Level ◽

Empirical Model ◽

Soil Texture ◽

Ground Water Level ◽

Subsurface Water ◽

Drying Up ◽

Rain Data ◽

Made In

Changes in land use not only affect the hydrological component, but also have an impact on the environmental sector, which include increasing the frequency of flooding and inundation, decreasing the availability of subsurface water, and drying up community wells. Various attempts have been made in efforts to reduce flooding and maintain sources of subsurface water, for example by applying infiltration well technology in each settlement. Infiltration wells will be able to function to re-enter rainwater falling on the pavement and can reduce flooding and inundation. This research is conducted with an empirical model that is connecting the amount of runoff that occurs after the availability of recharge wells. The purpose of this research is to get the ability of infiltration wells to reduce the occurrence of flooding in an area. The data used in the analysis are rain data and soil texture data. Based on the analysis results obtained dimensions of 0.8 m, 1 m and 1.2 m infiltration wells with a depth of 2 m. The depth of ground water level is 1.94 m, the permeability value (k) of land is 0.24 x 10ˉ⁴ m / sec. From each of the infiltration well diameters, it can reduce the successive runoff namely; infiltration wells are 0.8 m in diameter from runoff of 0.479 m³ / sec and after an infiltration well is reduced to 0.057m³ / sec, infiltration wells diameter 1.2 from runoff is 0.401 m³ / sec and after an infiltration well is reduced to 0.0475 m / second, and in the diater infiltration well 2 m from runoff of 0.377 m³ / sec and after the infiltration well is reduced to 0.0571 m / sec.

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Forms and Dynamics of Soil Potassium in Acid Soil in the Wolaita Zone of Southern Ethiopia

10.20944/preprints202105.0287.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mesfin Kassa ◽

Wassie Haile ◽

fassile kebede

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Ammonium Acetate ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Land Use Type ◽

Exchangeable Potassium ◽

Management Options ◽

Grazing Land ◽

Soil Potassium ◽

Crop Land ◽

Land Use Types

Quantity-intensity characteristics are among conventional approaches for studying potassium dynamics and its availability; this was assessed to determine availability in four districts: namely, Sodo Zuria, Damot Gale, Damot Sore, and Boloso Sore at three different land use type viz., enset-coffee, crop land, and grazing land. There was water soluble, ammonium acetate, nitric acid extractable potassium, exchangeable potassium, and non-exchangeable potassium studied in soil samples, which were collected from 0-20 cm depth of each land type. The study revealed that water soluble and ammonium acetate extractable potassium concentrations ranged from 0.04 to 0.42 cmolKg-1 soils enset-coffee and grazing land use types, respectively. The study showed that exchangeable potassium constituted the highest proportion of available potassium, while the proportion of water soluble potassium was found to be the lowest. In this study, non-exchangeable potassium concentrations varied from 0.10 to 0.04cmolKg-1soils for enset-coffee, and crop and grazing land use type. Furthermore, available potassium and exchangeable potassium concentrations were positively correlated with OC(r=0.95***), cation exchange capacity, and sand and clay(r=0.98***). In addition, the K dynamics as impacted by land use types found that the highest change in exchangeable potassium (0.31cmolkg-1soils) and potential buffering capacity (1.79cmolkg-1soils) were noted in crop land use types, whereas the lowest change(1.26cmolkg-1 soils) was observed in the enset-coffee system, The varying properties, potassium status, dynamic and land use type of soils identified in the study areas provided adequate information to design soil potassium management options and further research about the soil in each site. Therefore, application of site specific soil fertility management practices and research can improve soil potassium status and quantity intensity parameters to sustain crop productive soils.

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Characteristics of Stable Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotopes of Soil Moisture under Different Land Use in Dry Hot Valley of Yuanmou

Open Chemistry ◽

10.1515/chem-2019-0014 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 105-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jiao-Jiao Han ◽

Xu Duan ◽

Yang-Yi Zhao ◽

Meng Li

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Soil Moisture ◽

Oxygen Isotopes ◽

Hydrogen Isotope ◽

Variable Coefficient ◽

Hydrogen Isotopes ◽

Land Use Type ◽

Forest Land ◽

Hydrogen And Oxygen Isotopes ◽

Land Use Types

AbstractSoil moisture, stable hydrogen, and oxygen isotopes were sampled and determined in a demonstration area of soil and moisture conservation at the Laocheng Town of Yuanmou County in Chuxiong Prefecture, Yunnan of three land use types: Leucaena Benth artificial forest, Heteropogon contortus grass field, and farmland. The characteristics of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of soil moisture in these different land use types at different soil depths were analyzed to investigate the regularities in the quantitative formation of soil moisture balance. In terms of forest land, we found that the variable coefficient of hydrogen isotopes in the 0-20 cm soil layer was the smallest, but decreased with depth under 20 cm. While in grassland, the variable coefficient in 80-100 cm was the largest, and decreased with depth above 80 cm. As for farmland, the variable coefficient in the top 20 cm was the largest, followed by 40-60 cm, and the medium 20-40 cm was the smallest. The soil moisture hydrogen isotope values of three land use type were different at surface layer, but prone to be consistent in each type. Along the soil depth in forest land, the hydrogen isotope increased first and then decreased, while increased in the end, and the maximum appeared in 80-100 cm. In grassland, the hydrogen isotope increased initially as the forest land but then decreased continuously, so the maximum was found at 20-40 cm. And in grassland, the hydrogen isotope of all depths were higher than which of forest land and farmland. In same land use type, the hydrogen isotope of soil moisture changed significantly at the surface, and the variation of hydrogen isotopes was obviously decreased along the depth. Our findings could provide reference data which would contribute to the assessment of regional groundwater resources in the dry-hot valley of Yuanmou in this study.

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Fertility Status of Acid Soils under Different Land Use Types in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Applied and Environmental Soil Science ◽

10.1155/2020/3713967 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Mesfin Kassa Cholbe ◽

Fassil Kebede Yeme ◽

Wassie Haile Woldeyohannes

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Soil Acidity ◽

Acid Soil ◽

Acid Soils ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Land Use Type ◽

Grazing Land ◽

Exchangeable Acidity ◽

Fertility Status ◽

Land Use Types

Information on soil fertility status of acid soil of a particular area as affected by land use type is important for developing sound soil management systems for improved and sustainable agricultural productivity. The main objective of this study was to assess the fertility status and effect of land use change on soil physicochemical properties. In this study, adjacent three land use types, namely, enset-coffee, crop, and grazing land use were considered in four districts (i.e., Bolos Sore, Damot Gale, Damot Sore, and Sodo Zuria) of Wolaita Zone, southern Ethiopia. Soil samples were collected from a depth of 0–20 cm from each land use type of the respective districts for physicochemical analyses. The results showed that land use types significantly affected ( P ≤ 0.05 ) soil properties such as bulk density, available P, exchangeable potassium, exchangeable acidity, exchangeable bases (Na, K, Ca, Mg), exchangeable acidity, and CEC. Besides, soil pH, OC, and TN were influenced significantly ( P ≤ 0.05 ) both by districts and land use types. The very strongly acidic soils were found predominantly in the crop and grazing lands whereas a neutral acidity level was found in the enset-coffee land use type of four districts. In conclusion, the study proves that land use type change within the same geographic setting can affect the severity of soil acidity due to over cultivation and rapid organic matter decomposition. Finally, the study recommends an in-depth study and analysis on the root causes in aggravating soil acidity under crop and grazing land use types.

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Influence of the Land Use Type on the Wild Plant Diversity

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9050602 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 602

Author(s):

Ina Aneva ◽

Petar Zhelev ◽

Simeon Lukanov ◽

Mariya Peneva ◽

Kiril Vassilev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Plant Diversity ◽

Tree Cover ◽

Wild Plant ◽

Species Number ◽

Land Use Type ◽

Grazing Land ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Bioclimatic Variables ◽

The Impact

Studies on the impact of agricultural practices on plant diversity provide important information for policy makers and the conservation of the environment. The aim of the present work was to evaluate wild plant diversity across the agroecosystems in two contrasting regions of Bulgaria; Pazardzhik-Plovdiv (representing agroecosystems in the lowlands) and Western Stara Planina (the Balkan Mountains, representing agroecosystems in the foothills of the mountains). This study conducted a two-year assessment of plant diversity in different types of agricultural and forest ecosystems, representing more than 30 land use types. Plant diversity, measured by species number, was affected by the land use type only in Pazardzhik-Plovdiv region. More pronounced was the effect of the groups of land use types on the diversity, measured by the mean species number per scoring plot. Climatic conditions, measured by 19 bioclimatic variables, were the most important factor affecting plant species diversity. Six bioclimatic variables had a significant effect on the plant diversity, and the effect was more pronounced when the analysis considered pooled data of the two regions. The highest plant diversity was found on grazing land with sparse tree cover, while the lowest one was in the land use types representing annual crops or fallow. The study also established a database on weed species, relevant to agriculture. A number of common weeds were found in the Pazardzhik-Plovdiv region, while the most frequent species in the Western Stara Planina region were indigenous ones. Overall, the natural flora of Western Stara Planina was more conserved; eleven orchid species with conservation significance were found in the pastures and meadows in that region. The present study is the first attempt in Bulgaria to characterize the plant diversity across diverse agroecosystems representing many different land use types and environmental conditions. The results can contribute to nature conservation, biodiversity, and the sustainable use of plant resources.

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The Quantitative Evaluation of Ecological Assets in Sanjiang Plain Based on Remote Sensing Technology

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.316-317.245 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 316-317 ◽

pp. 245-249

Author(s):

Fan Ying Meng ◽

Zheng Hong Miao

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Land Use ◽

Quantitative Measurement ◽

Sanjiang Plain ◽

Land Use Type ◽

Remote Sensing Technology ◽

Sensing Technology ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Landsat 7 ◽

Ecological Assets

on the basis of the measurement of ecological parameters by using remote sensing technology, combined with ecological method and Landsat–7 ETM +, we made a quantitative measurement of ecological assets of Sanjiang Plain in 2010, got the spatial distribution of ecological assets. The results show that: the value of ecological assets in Sanjiang Plain was 2.35 × 1012 yuan. The value was generally higher in the southern and lower in the northern parts of the study area. Baoqing has the highest sum value and Youyi has the lowest value than other areas. Forestlands have higher value of ecological assets than other land use types. Land use type may be the mainly reason for the spatial difference of ecological assets in Sanjiang Plain.

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Evaluation of infiltration models for mineral soils with different land uses in the tropics

Journal of Water and Land Development ◽

10.2478/jwld-2018-0034 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 153-160

Author(s):

Nugroho Suryoputro ◽

Widandi Soetopo ◽

Ery S. Suhartanto ◽

Lily M. Limantara ◽

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Rice Field ◽

Infiltration Rate ◽

Model Parameters ◽

Infiltration Model ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Infiltration Models ◽

Mineral Soils ◽

The Tropics

AbstractThe aims of this study were to evaluate five infiltration models for mineral soils in the tropics with different land use types, such as settlements, plantations, rice fields, and forests. The infiltration models evaluated were Green–Ampt, Kostiakov, Kostiakov–Lewis, Philip, and Horton. The research was conducted at the Amprong watershed, Malang, Indonesia. The infiltration rate of the thirteen soil samples was analysed. The infiltration was tested using Turf-Tech infiltrometer. Moreover, each soil sample was tested in terms of the bulk density, specific gravity, porosity, soil moisture, and soil texture. The results of the study indicate that there is no significant difference (α = 5%) in the infiltration rate among the five models of infiltration. The infiltration rate in the study site was considered fast. Three models exhibiting the best performance are Kostiakov, Kostiakov–Lewis, and Horton model, respectively. The highest infiltration rate occurred in the forest land use while the lowest occurred in the rice field land use. The results of this study suggest that the infiltration model parameters correlate closely with the initial infiltration rate (fo) and the final infiltration rate (fc). In other words there is a correlation between the soil's ability to absorb water (representing the capillary force or horizontal flow) at the beginning of the infiltration (fo) and the gravity or the vertical flow upon reaching the final infiltration rate (fc).

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Why a landscape view is important: nearby urban and agricultural land affects bird abundances in protected areas

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.10719 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. e10719

Author(s):

Gregory Duncan Duckworth ◽

Res Altwegg

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Protected Areas ◽

Urban Area ◽

Protected Area ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Bird Species ◽

Grid Cell ◽

Land Use Type ◽

Bird Abundance ◽

Land Use Types

Protected areas are one of the primary conservation tools used worldwide. However, they are often embedded in a landscape that is intensely used by people, such as for agriculture or urban development. The proximity of these land-use types to protected areas can potentially affect the ecological effectiveness (or conservation effectiveness) of protected areas. In this article, we examine to what degree adjacent agricultural and urban land uses affect the ecological effectiveness of protected areas over the greater Gauteng region of South Africa. We selected 198 common, resident bird species, and analysed detection/non-detection data for these species collected over regular grid cells (approximately 61 km2 in area). For each species, we estimated abundance per grid cell with the Royle-Nichols model in relation to the proportion of protected area as a covariate. Our study focused on how this relationship between proportion of protected area and abundance (which we term the ‘protection–abundance relationship’) changed as a function of other land-use types in the grid cell. Specifically, we examined the interaction effects between protected area and both urban and agricultural land-use type per grid cell on bird abundance. We assigned each species to one of seven guilds, namely: frugivores, gleaners, granivores, ground-feeders, hawkers, predators and vegivores, and examined how the protection–abundance relationship varied across guilds in relation to agriculture and urban area. As urban area within a grid cell increased, the protection–abundance relationship became more positive for 58% of all species. At the level of guilds, the protection–abundance relationship became more positive for two guilds (granivores and ground-feeders), more negative for frugivores, and remained unchanged for the other four guilds (gleaners, hawkers, predators and vegivores). As agricultural area within a grid cell increased, the protection–abundance relationship became more positive for 49% of all species. At the guild level, the protection–abundance relationship became more positive for six guilds (frugivores, gleaners, ground-feeders, hawkers, predators and vegivores) and remained unchanged for the granivores. Our results show land-use type near protected areas modified the effect protected areas had on bird abundances, and hence the ecological effectiveness of protected areas. Our results suggest that protected areas should be viewed as constituents within the landscape, rather than islands of protection.

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On Spatial Management Practices: Revisiting the "Optimal" Use of Urban Land

Real Estate Management and Valuation ◽

10.2478/remav-2018-0022 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 24-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Marek Ogryzek ◽

Radoslaw Wisniewski ◽

Tom Kauko

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Urban Space ◽

Management Practices ◽

Urban Land ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Characteristic Matrix ◽

Land Use Type ◽

Spatial Analyses ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Spatial Management

Abstract The article takes a fresh look at the concept of the "optimal" use of urban land. It discusses the procedure for choosing the "optimal" use of land within the context of rational spatial management practices and sets out a model solution for determining "optimal" land use types for given spatial and functional situations. A necessary set of geoinformation for informed decisions on choosing the "optimal" land use type is proposed. The study adds to the available knowledge concerning spatial analyses and simulations of "optimal" zoning processes; in doing so it applies the characteristic matrix method for inducing the optimal use of an area to diagnose the value of urban space and, in this way, to determine the "optimal" use under given circumstances. The article concludes by stating that the algorithm for selecting the "optimal” land use of an area significantly improves the decision-making process when carrying out the transformation of land use - the most important instrument for planning optimisation and organisation.

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