Evaluation of infiltration models for mineral soils with different land uses in the tropics

AbstractThe aims of this study were to evaluate five infiltration models for mineral soils in the tropics with different land use types, such as settlements, plantations, rice fields, and forests. The infiltration models evaluated were Green–Ampt, Kostiakov, Kostiakov–Lewis, Philip, and Horton. The research was conducted at the Amprong watershed, Malang, Indonesia. The infiltration rate of the thirteen soil samples was analysed. The infiltration was tested using Turf-Tech infiltrometer. Moreover, each soil sample was tested in terms of the bulk density, specific gravity, porosity, soil moisture, and soil texture. The results of the study indicate that there is no significant difference (α = 5%) in the infiltration rate among the five models of infiltration. The infiltration rate in the study site was considered fast. Three models exhibiting the best performance are Kostiakov, Kostiakov–Lewis, and Horton model, respectively. The highest infiltration rate occurred in the forest land use while the lowest occurred in the rice field land use. The results of this study suggest that the infiltration model parameters correlate closely with the initial infiltration rate (fo) and the final infiltration rate (fc). In other words there is a correlation between the soil's ability to absorb water (representing the capillary force or horizontal flow) at the beginning of the infiltration (fo) and the gravity or the vertical flow upon reaching the final infiltration rate (fc).

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Land-Use Impact on Stand Structure and Fruit Yield of Tamarindus indica L. in the Drylands of Southeastern Ethiopia

Life ◽

10.3390/life11050408 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 408

Author(s):

Gizachew Zeleke ◽

Tatek Dejene ◽

Wubalem Tadesse ◽

Pablo Martín-Pinto

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Stand Structure ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Tree Density ◽

Fruit Yield ◽

Tamarindus Indica ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Management Plans ◽

Baseline Information

In this study, we evaluated stand status, dendrometric variables, and fruit production of Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) trees growing in bushland and farmland-use types in dryland areas of Ethiopia. The vegetation survey was conducted using the point-centered quarter method. The fruit yield of 54 trees was also evaluated. Tree density and fruit production in ha were estimated. There was a significant difference in Tamarind tree density between the two land-use types (p = 0.01). The mean fruit yield of farmland trees was significantly higher than that of bushland trees. However, Tamarind has unsustainable structure on farmlands. Differences in the dendrometric characteristics of trees were also observed between the two land-use types. Predictive models were selected for Tamarind fruit yield estimations in both land-use types. Although the majority of farmland trees produced <5000 fruit year−1, the selection of Tamarind germplasm in its natural ranges could improve production. Thus, the development of management plans to establish stands that have a more balanced diameter structure and thereby ensure continuity of the population and fruit yields is required in this area, particularly in the farmlands. This baseline information could assist elsewhere in areas that are facing similar challenges for the species due to land-use change.

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Agricultural Expansion-Induced Infiltration Rate Change in a West African Tropical Catchment

Applied and Environmental Soil Science ◽

10.1155/2019/2434512 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Yacouba Yira ◽

Aymar Y. Bossa

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Infiltration Rate ◽

West African ◽

Water Dynamics ◽

Saturation State ◽

Fertility Reduction ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Agricultural Land Expansion

Land use and land cover in the Dano catchment is characterized by a rapid conversion from seminatural vegetation (fallow) to agriculture (cropland). The study compares both the saturated (Ks) and the unsaturated (Kh) hydraulic conductivities under cropland and fallow in the catchment to gain insights into the effect of the current land use on soil water dynamics. Hydraulic conductivity was measured under forty-two (42) pairs of adjacent cropland-fallow plots using a Hood infiltrometer. Ks, Kh, bulk density, and soil texture were further compared using a paired two-tailed Student’s t-test (p=0.05). The results showed that both Ks and Kh are highly variable irrespective of the land use type (coefficient of variation > 100%). The results also showed that Ks was significantly higher (1.16-fold on average) under fallow compared to cropland. As for Kh, the results showed that, from −2 cm to zero tension heads (h), Kh under cropland and fallow is not significantly different; however, as the supplied tension decreases up to the saturation state, Kh under fallow becomes statistically higher compared to cropland. No significant difference was found between soil textures and bulk density under cropland and fallow meaning that the observed differences of Ks and Kh under cropland and fallow were caused by land use and not preexisting difference in texture. These results suggest an increasing risk of erosion, soil fertility reduction, and flood in the catchment because of agricultural land expansion.

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Soil Infiltration Characteristics under Different Land at Western Yunnan Plateau

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.884-885.694 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 884-885 ◽

pp. 694-697 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dan Hui Qi ◽

Zhi Qin Liu

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Infiltration Rate ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Forest Land ◽

Dry Land ◽

Grass Land ◽

Yunnan Plateau ◽

Soil Water Infiltration ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Western Yunnan

On the basis of soil physical properties of three different land use types at western Yunnan plateau, the soil moisture infiltration characteristics in these three land use types were studied with the advanced double-rings method. The results showed that there were differences on soil bulk density, soil porosity, initial soil water infiltration rate and stable soil water infiltration rate. The bulk density of dry land is higher than that of forest land and grass land, which results in the physical properties and structure of forest land soil are better than those of non-forest land. For the initial infiltration, its order from high to low is forest land, dry land and grass land. Among different stands, it is showed that from the average infiltration rate and steady infiltration rate, its order from high to low was forest land, grass land and dry land.

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Determination of Infiltration Model Parameters Using Basic Soil Physical Properties

10.21203/rs.3.rs-198257/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tabasum Rasool ◽

Abdul Qayoom Dar ◽

Mushtaq Ahmad Wani

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Performance Evaluation ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Stepwise Regression ◽

Accurate Estimation ◽

Model Parameters ◽

Predictive Equations ◽

Infiltration Model ◽

Infiltration Models

Abstract Quantification of infiltration rate is a time-consuming process because of its variability and challenges in the accurate estimation of infiltration model parameters. In this study predictive equations for parameters of Horton, Kostiakov, Modified Kostiakov and Philip infiltration models were developed using basic soil-properties. The model-parameters were initially determined applying non-linear Levenberg Marquardt algorithm (LMA) on field-observed infiltration data and were subsequently determined by predictive equations developed after applying regression analysis to investigated soil-properties. Regression analysis was carried-out using stepwise-regression (SR) where all the measured soil-properties were used, and by applying principal component analysis (PCA) prior to multiple linear-regression for reducing number of predictors. The results revealed that developed equations using stepwise regression and the ones developed after applying PCA were able to explain 40- 78% and 10- 50% of variation respectively. The performance evaluation of developed regression equations at two information levels along with LMA for prediction of infiltration model-parameters was carried out by computing an overall performance index (OPI), which combines relative weight of different statistical indicators, namely, Coefficient of Determination (R2), Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (ENS), Willmott’s Index of Agreement (W), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Performance evaluation revealed, LMA with highest OPI-value is most suitable to ascertain parameters of studied infiltration models. However, for selected models using parameters determined at two information levels, it was observed that there exists no significant difference in OPI-value of computed infiltration rates suggesting that equations developed after PCA can be used successfully for determination of infiltration model-parameters.

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Soil quality evaluation under different land use types in Kersa sub-watershed, eastern Ethiopia

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH ◽

10.1186/s40068-021-00224-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yared Mulat ◽

Kibebew Kibret ◽

Bobe Bedadi ◽

Muktar Mohammed

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Soil Quality ◽

Quality Indicators ◽

Management Practices ◽

Land Uses ◽

Grazing Land ◽

Data Set ◽

Eastern Ethiopia ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background Soil quality, which can be inferred using indicators that interact synergistically, is affected by land use types and agricultural management practices. This study assessed the status of soil quality under three adjacent land uses (cultivated, grazing, and fallow) in Kersa subwatershed (622 ha). Soil samples were collected from the surface soil (0–20 cm depth) of the identified land uses with three replications and the soil quality parameters were analyzed. A minimum data set of soil quality indicators were selected from physical, chemical, and biological parameters using the literature review and expert opinion method. Linear scoring functions were used to give the unitless scores for the selected data sets, which were then integrated into a soil quality index (SQI). Results The results revealed that bulk density, aggregate stability, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), available P, and soil organic carbon (SOC) had a significant difference in SQI among the different land uses. The soil quality indices were 0.69 for grazing land, 0.62 for cultivated land, and 0.59 for the fallow land. The SQI of all the land uses falls in the intermediate soil quality (0.55 < SQI < 0.70) class. Conclusion In almost all the quality indicators assessed, the grazing land was superior to the cultivated and fallow lands. Therefore, implementing management practices that enhance soil quality like organic matter-controlled systems is imperative for sustainable agricultural production in the study area.

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Global effects of land-use intensity on local pollinator biodiversity

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-23228-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Joseph Millard ◽

Charlotte L. Outhwaite ◽

Robyn Kinnersley ◽

Robin Freeman ◽

Richard D. Gregory ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Intensity ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Tropical Areas ◽

Low Levels ◽

Taxonomic Groups ◽

The Tropics ◽

Effects Of Land Use ◽

Urban Sites

AbstractPollinating species are in decline globally, with land use an important driver. However, most of the evidence on which these claims are made is patchy, based on studies with low taxonomic and geographic representativeness. Here, we model the effect of land-use type and intensity on global pollinator biodiversity, using a local-scale database covering 303 studies, 12,170 sites, and 4502 pollinating species. Relative to a primary vegetation baseline, we show that low levels of intensity can have beneficial effects on pollinator biodiversity. Within most anthropogenic land-use types however, increasing intensity is associated with significant reductions, particularly in urban (43% richness and 62% abundance reduction compared to the least intensive urban sites), and pasture (75% abundance reduction) areas. We further show that on cropland, the strongly negative response to intensity is restricted to tropical areas, and that the direction and magnitude of response differs among taxonomic groups. Our findings confirm widespread effects of land-use intensity on pollinators, most significantly in the tropics, where land use is predicted to change rapidly.

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Soil Quality Evaluation Under Different Land Use Types in Kersa Sub-watershed, Eastern Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-94150/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yared Mulat Tefera ◽

kibebew Kibret Tehaye ◽

Bobe Bobe Bedadi ◽

Muktar Mohammed Kedir

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Soil Quality ◽

Quality Indicators ◽

Management Practices ◽

Land Uses ◽

Grazing Land ◽

Data Set ◽

Eastern Ethiopia ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Soil quality, which can be inferred using indicators that interact synergistically, is affected by land use types and agricultural management practices. This study assessed the status of soil quality under three adjacent land uses (cultivated, grazing, and fallow) in Kersa subwatershed (622 ha). Soil samples were collected from the surface soil (0-20 cm depth) of the identified land uses with three replications and the soil quality parameters were analyzed. A minimum data set of soil quality indicators were selected from physical, chemical, and biological parameters using the literature review and expert opinion method. Linear scoring functions were used to give the unitless scores for the selected data sets, which were then integrated into a soil quality index (SQI).Results: The results revealed that bulk density, aggregate stability, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), available P, and soil organic carbon (SOC) had a significant difference in SQI among the different land uses. The soil quality indices were 0.69 for grazing land, 0.62 for cultivated land, and 0.59 for the fallow land. The SQI of all the land uses falls in the intermediate soil quality (0.55 < SQI < 0.70) class.Conclusion: In almost all the quality indicators assessed, the grazing land was superior to the cultivated and fallow lands. Therefore, implementing management practices that enhance soil quality like organic matter-controlled systems is imperative for sustainable agricultural production in the study area.

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Hubungan Hujan dan Limpasan Pada Sub DAS Kecil Penggunaan Lahan Hutan, Sawah, Kebun Campuran di DAS Kreo

Forum Geografi ◽

10.23917/forgeo.v24i1.5014 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 39

Author(s):

Dewi Liesnoor Setyowati

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Water Level ◽

Rice Field ◽

Land Use Type ◽

Rainfall Runoff ◽

Small Watershed ◽

Weak Reaction ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Research Type ◽

Rain Data

Tendency of land use conversion is followed by maximum discharge of Kreo River, but unknown land use type what which can race improvement of runoff. Purpose of the research is study the relation of rainfall runoff at forest, rice field, and mixed garden. Research about rainfall runoff study is including research type of experiment for purpose of descriptive, through observation of rain data and water level at small watershed with one land use types that is forest, rice field, and mixed garden. Instrument of rain and water level attached at small watershed during the rains 2007.Data analysis comprises analysis of stream hydrograph, rain analysis, stream coefficient, and statistic analysis as well. Big the so small runoff value is more determined by rainfall amounts happened non land use type. Number of big rains at one land use will yield big runoff also, while the same rainfall amounts at some land use types will yield varying runoff follows land use type and condition of soil At small watershed (less than 200 ha), the relation of rainfall (P) with direct runoff (DRO) has very strong correlation (R2 bigger than 0.7). Relation between rain intensity (I) with DRO; I with peak discharge (Qp); duration of rain (DR) with DRO; DR with Qp indicated weak reaction (R2 less than 0.3). It indicated there were many factors (more than 70%) which influenced the above mentioned relations. Runoff coefficient value at forest was 0,3566, mix forest was 0,4227, rice field was 0,6661, and mixed garden was 0,4227. Land ability to permeate in the forest (65%) is bigger than mixed garden (57%) and rice field (33%).

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A NOVEL METHODOLOGY FOR INFILTRATION MODEL STUDIES

International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research ◽

10.29121/ijetmr.v5.i3.2018.191 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 190-199

Author(s):

Sunith David ◽

Akash Shaji ◽

Ashmy M S ◽

Neenu Raju ◽

Nimisha Sebastian

Keyword(s):

Ground Water ◽

Hydrological Cycle ◽

Infiltration Rate ◽

Degree Of Saturation ◽

Model Studies ◽

Infiltration Model ◽

Double Ring ◽

Ground Water Recharge ◽

Infiltration Models ◽

Water Recharge

Infiltration is treated as one of the important parameter of the hydrological cycle as far as ground water recharge is concerned. It depends on soil characteristics such as soil texture, hydraulic conductivity, soil structure, vegetation cover, porosity, permeability, degree of saturation etc. Determination of infiltration rates is useful for mitigation of hydrological riskand reflects the future of ground water resources in the study area. Infiltration of water into the soil is determined by a simple instrument called Double ring infiltrometer. Infiltration models are the empirical formulae developed using infiltration concepts which is used to determine the infiltration rate of soil. One way ANOVA test was performed to find the significance of the infiltration models. In the present study an attempt is made to validate the Horton’s model, Green ampt model and Kostiakov’s infiltration model with observed field data for a residential area, Ernakulam. From the present study significant model for the particular site is determined by using decision factor analysis.

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SOC Stock Changes and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Following Tropical Land Use Conversions to Plantation Crops on Mineral Soils, with a Special Focus on Oil Palm and Rubber Plantations

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture8090133 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 133 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Sanjutha Shanmugam ◽

Ram Dalal ◽

Hans Joosten ◽

R. Raison ◽

Goh Joo

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Ghg Emissions ◽

Land Use Conversion ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

Soc Stock ◽

Mineral Soils ◽

The Tropics ◽

Soc Stocks

The increasing global demand for vegetable oils has resulted in a significant increase in the area under oil palm in the tropics during the last couple of decades, and this is projected to increase further. The Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil discourages the conversion of peatlands to oil palm and rubber plantations. However, our understanding of the effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of land use conversion is incomplete, especially for mineral soils under primary forests, secondary forests, rubber and other perennial plantations in the tropics. In this review we synthesised information on SOC stocks and GHG emissions from tropical mineral soils under forest, oil palm and rubber plantations and other agroecosystems across the tropical regions. We found that the largest SOC losses occurred after land use conversion from primary forest to oil palm and rubber plantations. Secondary forest and pasture lands showed lower SOC losses as well as total GHG (CO2, N2O and CH4) emissions when converted to oil palm and rubber plantations. However, due to the limited data available on all three GHG emissions, there remains high uncertainty in GHG emissions estimates, and regional GHG accounting is more reliable. We recommend long-term monitoring of oil palm and other perennial plantations established on tropical mineral soils on different soil types and regions on SOC stock changes and total GHG emissions and evaluate appropriate management practices to optimise production and sustainable economic returns, and minimise environmental impact.

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