scholarly journals ГЕОГРАФИЯ МНОГОЯЗЫЧИЯ НАРОДОВ КОЛЫМСКО-АЛАЗЕЙСКОЙ ТУНДРЫ В КОНЦЕ XIX – НАЧАЛЕ ХХ ВЕКА

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Pupynina ◽  
Natalia Aralova ◽  
Yuri Koryakov
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point

Эта работа – вторая из цикла статей, посвященных возникновению и развитию многоязычия народов Колымско-Алазейской тундры, региона, где пересекаются территории расселения юкагиров, эвенов, чукчей, якутов и русских. Отправная точка данного исследования – эвены, их появление на указанной территории, их контакты с соседями, языки, на которых они говорили. По источникам (работам этнографов, путешественников, миссионеров) прослежены места кочевок эвенов в конце XIX – начале ХХ в. на указанной территории. Выяснено, что представители эвенских родов, кочевавших к западу от Колымы, говорили по-юкагирски, а большинство из них считало юкагирский язык родным. По-видимому, многие эвены этого ареала владели двумя языками (эвенским и юкагирским), некоторые были трехъязычными (владели эвенским, юкагирским, якутским), встречалось и четырех- и пятиязычие. У эвенов, кочевавших на юго-восточной границе Колымско-Алазейской тундры, встречалось эвенско-чукотско-русское трехъязычие. Статья включает краткое сравнительное описание двух говоров эвенского языка, распространенных на западе и востоке данной территории, которое подтверждает наличие в прошлом интенсивных языковых контактов между эвенами, юкагирами и якутами западной части региона. В то же время, в говоре эвенов восточной части Колымско-Алазейской тундры контактных влияний чукотского пока не обнаружено.This study is the second one in a series of studies devoted to the emergence and development of multilingualism in the Kolyma-Alazeya tundra area, a region where the territories of Yukaghir, Even, Chukchi, Yakut, and Russian settlements overlap. The starting point of this study are Evens, their arrival to the area, their contacts with the neighbors, and the languages they spoke. Based on the various sources (the works and reports of ethnographers, travelers, and missioners) we trace the migration routes of Even nomadic groups from the end of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th centuries in this region. We discovered that the Even clans found to the west of Kolyma spoke Yukaghir and most of them considered Yukaghir to be their native language. Apparently, many Evens spoke two languages (Even and Yukaghir), some of them were trilingual (in Even, Yukaghir and Yakut), and quatrolingualism and quintolingualims were also attested. There were also some nomadic Even groups near the Southeastern border of Kolyma-Alazeya tundra, and there is evidence that some of their members could speak Chukchi, Even and Russian. The article briefly compares two dialects of Even which are spread out in the west and east of this region. This comparison confirms intensive language contact between Evens, Yukaghirs, and Yakuts in the Great Western Tundra in the past. At the same time, we did not observe any Chukchi influence in the dialect of the Eastern part of Kolyma-Alazeya tundra.

scholarly journals Vore gamle tropekolonier..? – Tropekolonierne som danske erindringssteder

2018 ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
Astrid Nonbo Andersen
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
West Indies ◽  
The West ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
General Picture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Places Of Memory ◽  
Long Time

The knowledge of the Danish colonial past has for a very long time played a minorrole in the general picture of Danish History in Denmark. Within the past 10-15years however the former Danish tropic colonies in the West Africa, East Indiaand the West Indies have attracted a growing number of Danish visitors in searchfor the colonial past. This has led to a number of renovation projects sponsoredby Danish agents in collaboration with the local authorities in the former tropiccolonies. This article takes its analytical starting point in the French HistorianPierre Nora’s notion of places of memory (lieux de mémoire) and deals with someof the problems of both a philosophical and political kind that spring from thesenew initiatives.

Differing Global and Regional Perceptions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukon Huang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
The West ◽  
World Views ◽  
Power Politics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World

Deng Xiaoping’s death in 1997 marked the end of an era and provides the starting point for a discussion about public perceptions. Today’s China emerged from his reforms, which opened the country to the outside world. Views of outsiders have shifted markedly over the past several decades. The majority of Americans see China’s rise as a threat to their country’s global stature, but Europeans are less preoccupied with power politics. Both groups wrongly see China as the leading economic power contrary to the rest of the world which see the United States. Popular feelings toward China vary widely across and within regions; they are influenced by proximity and colored by history and ideology. This chapter discusses the geopolitical factors that shape these opinions in the West, among the BRICS, in the developing world, and among China’s neighbors, as well as China’s efforts to influence these opinions.

Migration as a Theologizing Experience

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Corrie
Keyword(s):  
Religious Identity ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Secular Culture ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Migrant People ◽  
The Way ◽  
At Home

Abstract The suggestion by Hanciles that migration is a “theologizing experience” is the starting point for exploring the way in which mission in a western context, in partnership with non-western migrants, can be a mutually transforming experience. Hanciles suggests that non-western migrant people bring a new paradigm of mission which is radically different from the way Western mission has been done in the past because it offers itself in weakness, risk, diversity, and dependency. However, theologically and experientially, migration brings with it many ambiguities and creative tensions, which means that Hanciles’ analysis may need to be more nuanced. In particular the notion that migrants are involved in a “reverse mission” to the West “from below” which characterizes the new paradigm has a number of problems in reality. This is explored particularly in a British context, in which we find that the contribution of migrants to mission, though sometimes encouraging, is varied, and that issues which have mired western mission in the past are re-appearing “in reverse”. It is therefore suggested that a mutual inter culturality between migrants and indigenous Western churches from the very beginning of the encounter may provide the promise of a more transformative mission experience. They have more in common than they realize: the irony is that the western church finds itself also in a situation of “exile”, though in a very different sense. Marginalized, alien to the secular culture, in decline, with their religious identity no longer “at home”, the Western Christian experience of exile resonates with the migrant experience of exile, which is ground for a genuine partnership in mission. It is concluded that mission as a theologizing experience can work for transformative mission where there is genuine interculturality, and that this could mitigate the problems of thinking of migrant mission purely in terms of “reverse mission”.

scholarly journals Irish in the West Indies: Irish Influence on the Formation of English-Based Creoles

2015 ◽  
pp. 181-192
Author(s):  
Elena Perekhvalskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
West Indies ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
West African ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
The West ◽  
Irish Language ◽  
African Languages ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
The Caribbean

This article deals with the problem of the early stages of creole formation. The significant structural and material similarities between the aspectual systems of the verb in Hiberno-English and in the West Indies English-based creoles are demonstrated. Suggestions are made about the possible impact of the Irish language on the formation of the English-based creoles in the early stages of creolisation. The historical evidence which proves the possibility of language contact between Irish, English and West African languages in the Caribbean in the past is provided.

scholarly journals Language, identities and ideologies of the past and present Chukotka

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 183-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria Morgounova
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spiritual Change ◽  
Language Status ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Political Economic

Abstract The historical background of Chukotka is one of intensive language contact and of rapid socio-political, economic, cultural and spiritual change, which often makes any predictions difficult, also in regard to language. When I first came to Chukotka in 2003, the Yupiget sense of ethnic awareness was very strong. The majority of the Yupik population expressed positive attitudes towards their Native language and seemed to be supportive of its revitalisation. However, when I returned to Chukotka in 2005, I found out that the Yupik language status and loyalty had shifted. In this paper, I discuss language shift in Chukotka with reference to St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. I also cast light on language transformations and adaptation that I have documented during my fieldwork in the area in 2003 and 2005, and give possible explanations as to why the revitalisation movement that I witnessed in the beginning of the new millennium was short-lived and had ceased by 2005.

Holism, Chinese Medicine and Systems Ideologies: Rewriting the Past to Imagine the Future

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Scheid
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Medical Humanities ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Us ◽  
Shared Objective ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter explores the articulations that have emerged over the last half century between various types of holism, Chinese medicine and systems biology. Given the discipline’s historical attachments to a definition of ‘medicine’ that rather narrowly refers to biomedicine as developed in Europe and the US from the eighteenth century onwards, the medical humanities are not the most obvious starting point for such an inquiry. At the same time, they do offer one advantage over neighbouring disciplines like medical history, anthropology or science and technology studies for someone like myself, a clinician as well as a historian and anthropologist: their strong commitment to the objective of facilitating better medical practice. This promise furthermore links to the wider project of critique, which, in Max Horkheimer’s definition of the term, aims at change and emancipation in order ‘to liberate human beings from the circumstances that enslave them’. If we take the critical medical humanities as explicitly affirming this shared objective and responsibility, extending the discipline’s traditional gaze is not a burden but becomes, in fact, an obligation.

Cyber Peacekeeping: Critical Evaluation of Digital Blue Helmets Program

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Fahad Nabeel
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Threat Detection ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Un Peacekeeping ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Future Potential

In 2016, the United Nations (UN) launched the Digital Blue Helmets (DBH) program under its Office of Information and Communications Technologies (OICT). The launching of DBH was a continuation of a series of steps that the UN and its related agencies and departments have undertaken over the past decade to incorporate cyberspace within their working methodologies. At the time of inception, DBH was envisioned as a team capacitated to act as a replica of a physical peacekeeping force but for the sole purpose of overseeing cyberspace(s). Several research studies have been published in the past few years, which have conceptualized cyber peacekeeping in various ways. Some scholars have mentioned DBH as a starting point of cyber peacekeeping while some have proposed models for integration of cyber peacekeeping within the current UN peacekeeping architecture. However, no significant study has attempted to look at how DBH has evolved since its inception. This research article aims to examine the progress of DBH since its formation. It argues that despite four years since its formation, DBH is still far away from materializing its declared objectives. The article also discusses the future potential roles of DBH, including its collaboration with UN Global Pulse for cyber threat detection and prevention, and embedding the team along with physical peacekeepers.

Managing rivers for conservation and ecotourism in the Kruger National Park

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Venter ◽  
A. R. Deacon
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Three Rivers

Six major rivers flow through the Kruger National Park (KNP). All these rivers originate outside and to the west of the KNP and are highly utilized. They are crucially important for the conservation of the unique natural environments of the KNP. The human population growth in the Lowveld during the past two decades brought with it the rapid expansion of irrigation farming, exotic afforestation and land grazed by domestic stock, as well as the establishment of large towns, mines, dams and industries. Along with these developments came overgrazing, erosion, over-utilization and pollution of rivers, as well as clearing of indigenous forests from large areas outside the borders of the KNP. Over-utilization of the rivers which ultimately flow through the KNP poses one of the most serious challenges to the KNP's management. This paper gives the background to the development in the catchments and highlights the problems which these have caused for the KNP. Management actions which have been taken as well as their results are discussed and solutions to certain problems proposed. Three rivers, namely the Letaba, Olifants and Sabie are respectively described as examples of an over-utilized river, a polluted river and a river which is still in a fairly good condition.

The New Islamic State

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Khosrokhavar
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Imagined Community ◽  
The West ◽  
Patriarchal Family ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation

The creation of the Islamic State in Iraq and Sham (ISIS) changed the nature of jihadism worldwide. For a few years (2014–2017) it exemplified the destructive capacity of jihadism and created a new utopia aimed at restoring the past greatness and glory of the former caliphate. It also attracted tens of thousands of young wannabe combatants of faith (mujahids, those who make jihad) toward Syria and Iraq from more than 100 countries. Its utopia was dual: not only re-creating the caliphate that would spread Islam all over the world but also creating a cohesive, imagined community (the neo-umma) that would restore patriarchal family and put an end to the crisis of modern society through an inflexible interpretation of shari‘a (Islamic laws and commandments). To achieve these goals, ISIS diversified its approach. It focused, in the West, on the rancor of the Muslim migrants’ sons and daughters, on exoticism, and on an imaginary dream world and, in the Middle East, on tribes and the Sunni/Shi‘a divide, particularly in the Iraqi and Syrian societies.

‘I AM’: Indigenous consciousness for authenticity and leadership

Leadership ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 174271502199959
Author(s):  
Chellie Spiller
Keyword(s):  
True Self ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Future

This article encourages a move away from the excessively inward gaze of ‘to thine own self be true’ and explores ‘I AM’ consciousness as a starting point. An I AM approach encourages a move from the measurable self to the immeasurable expansiveness and mystery of our own becoming. It is to step beyond the lines drawn around the ‘true self’ or the lines that others would have us draw. I AM consciousness reflects an ancient Indigenous thread that echoes through millennia and reminds humans that we are a movement through time, and each person is a present link to the past and the future, woven into a fabric of belonging.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document