scholarly journals TO THE HISTORY OF KAZAKH TRIBES FORMATION OF BAIULY UNION

Author(s):  
Гульнара Болатовна Хабижанова

В данной статье рассматриваются этноисторические предпосылки формирования некоторых казахских племен, относящихся в триальной структуре кочевого населения Казахстана к объединению Байулы Младшего жуза. Реконструкция исторических этапов сложения казахских племен проводится путем определения возможных этнополитических контактов, существовавших, согласно письменным источникам и репрезентативным материалам устной историологии, между раннесредневековым населением, обитавшем на территории степного пространства западного Казахстана. Расселявшиеся здесь тюркоязычные племена представляли огузскую этническую общность (баяты, языры, салоры, авшары и др.), сыгравшую важную роль в становлении этнического ядра сложившихся много позднее племен казахского Младшего жуза. Исторические события начала II тыс. н. э. способствовали возникновению тесных контактов огузов с кыпчаками, что отложилось в генеалогических преданиях о происхождении байулинского поколения казахских племен. Исследование указанных сюжетов соответствует теоретическим подходам, основывающимся на известной концепции дахо-массагетского происхождения некоторых племен Младшего жуза, а также связующей роли огузского этнического компонента в образовании кыпчакской конфедерации племен на территории западного Казахстана. Изучение вопроса затрагивает анализ историографии, которая исходит из позиции преемственности этнополитических и этнокультурных процессов, шедших на территории Центральной Азии с эпохи древности до завершения формирования тюркских (в том числе и казахского) народов. Высказанные в ходе исследования учеными гипотезы, касающиеся разных аспектов этногенеза тюркских племен, были систематизированы и получили дальнейшее развитие и подтверждение путем компаративного анализа и проведения этноисторических параллелей этнонимии тюркских народов с данными традиционных письменных источников, топонимии и памятников устного народного творчества. Формирование этнической основы казахских племен Младшего жуза (западные и юго-западные районы) проходило в условиях тесной взаимосвязи этнических процессов, шедших на территории всего раннесредневекового Казахстана. This article discusses the ethnohistorical prerequisites for the formation of some Kazakh tribes belonging to the trial structure of Kazakhstan nomadic population, to the union Bayuli Younger Zhuzes of Kazakhstan. The reconstruction of the historical stages of the formation of the Kazakh tribes is carried out by identifying possible ethno-political contacts that existed at the time, according to written sources and representative materials of oral historiology, between the early medieval populations residing in the territory of western Kazakhstan steppe. The Turkic-speaking tribes settled here represented the Oguz ethnic community (bayats, yazirs, salors, avshars, etc.), which played an important role in the formation of the ethnic core of the consequently formed tribes of the Kazakh Younger zhuz. Historical events of the beginning of the 2nd millennium AD contributed to the emergence of close contacts of Oguz with Kypchaks, which was reflected in the genealogical legends on the origin of the Bayuli generation of Kazakh tribes. The study of these plots is consistent with theoretical approaches based on the well-known concept of the Dakho-Massaget origin of some tribes of the Younger Zhuz, as well as the connecting role of the Oghuz ethnic component in the formation of the Kypchak confederation of tribes in western Kazakhstan.

Author(s):  
Katalin Gosztonyi

History of mathematics is rarely used in Hungarian mathematics education, and even more rarely goes beyond anecdotic mentions of history. In this paper I will argue that despite of this phenomenon, a historical perspective on mathematics, in a more general way, plays a crucial role in a specific Hungarian tradition of mathematics education, called felfedeztető matematikaoktatás (“teaching mathematics by guided discovery”). I will revisit the epistemological background of this approach, analyse the role of history in this view on the nature of mathematics and its teaching, and illustrate the analysis by some examples from written sources and nowadays teaching practice. Classification: A30, D20, D40. Keywords: History of mathematics, history in mathematics education, guided discovery in mathematics education.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-61
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Svyatoslavsky

The article is devoted to the functional role of nature images in the formation of the imaginary structure of Russian odic poetry of the 18th – early 19th centuries. Examples are taken from the odic poetry of Mikhail Lomonosov, Vasily Trediakovsky, Alexander Sumarokov, Mikhail Kheraskov, Gavrila Derzhavin, Dmitry Khvostov. An attempt was undertaken to answer two questions: the place nature images occupied in odic poetry in the era of its pride and, secondly, the possibility to find in the poetry of classicism, despite the condescending attitude towards it that developed later in the history of Russian literature, something that constituted an organic part of the Russian classics of the 19th and 20th centuries. The functional role of nature images in the odic genre is shown, which, as it seemed, by definition is alien to natural themes, being organically connected with the pathos of civic consciousness and the appeal to the themes of heroism, great personalities, and historical events. However, as it turns out in a number of cases, the very objects of nature evoke the poet's admiration as an impressive work of the Creator, in others, nature is a background that in a certain way enhances the impression of the very historical events that constitute the subject of odic poetry. The conclusion is made about a certain continuity in the depiction of nature – from odic poetry to Russian lyric poetry and prose of the 19th and 20th centuries.


Author(s):  
Carolyn Routledge

Since Flinders Petrie, the importance of Western Asia to the history and development of culture in ancient Egypt has been recognized by scholars and has also been a significant driver in shaping Egyptological methodology and theoretical approaches. The study of relations between Western Asia and Egypt encompasses a wide range of specialisms given the broad range of evidence, the geographical breadth, and the academic disciplines involved. This chapter reviews the history of the study of relations between Western Asia and Egypt pointing to a selection of challenges scholars face in undertaking their research, and examines two case studies: theories concerning the role of Western Asia in the rise of the state, and the assessment of Egypt’s New Kingdom Empire in Canaan to illustrate the ways in which scholarly challenges are met and the resulting historical conclusions.


2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Nurullo Tursunov ◽  

The article aims to study the ethnographic status of the studied region, the impact of historical events on ethno-cultural processes, the role of socio-political processes in the material culture of the region's population based on historical and ethnographic materials


Author(s):  
Arsen Rustemovich Pavlenko ◽  
Rakhimian Galimianovich Iusupov

This article is devoted to the contemporary historiography of higher school for energetics in USSR and the Russian federation. The subject of this research is comprised of formation of modern scientific perceptions on emergence and development of Russian system of training energy personnel. The object of this research is the body of 1990s-2000s publications of historic and multidisciplinary profile on the contemporary history of higher energy education and university energetics in Russia. The goal of this research is to determine the main problematic vectors and theoretical approaches forming in the process of scientific research of this topic, as well as understanding of the results and further prospects of its development. The novelty of this research consists in determining, systematizing and analyzing the content of the body of historiographical sources on history of Russian energetics and education during XX and XXI centuries. The authors conclude that within the framework of this historiographical branch, there is a current scientific base that allows transitioning to a new level of discovery and theoretical generalization of materials. It seems relevant to transition from “milestone stories” of universities and departments to study of the role of higher education and academic science in the process of implementation of state energy policy in Russia, as well as development of international energy dialogue.


2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 763
Author(s):  
Zorica Kuzmanović

Contrary to the general attitude that the role of written sources in archaeological research marks the separation between two distinct fields of research – prehistorical and historical archaeology, the critical research into the history of the discipline points that the development of archaeology has not followed this pattern. Rather, the dominant role of the written sources in the study of classical past has been transferred onto the practices of prehistorical archaeology. Discussing the role of ancient sources in the research of the so-called "Illyrian question", this paper addresses the consequences of this dominant role of written sources in the archaeological study of the past and points to the ways in which the interpretation of the classical texts influenced the theoretical- methodological framework of research of the late prehistory of the Balkans.


Author(s):  
S.K. Samashev ◽  

The Oghuz, whose history of emergence and development lies in the period of the VIII–XIII centuries, played a significant role in the formation of modern Turkic peoples. The Oghuz tribes consisted of 24 families. They started the process of Turkization of the peoples of the medieval Eurasian steppes. The evidence of it is the similarity of Oghuz tamgas found on the territory of Zhetysu, Syr Darya and Western Kazakhstan with tamgas of other Turkic-speaking peoples. Today Oghuz tamgas attract the attention of many domestic and foreign researchers, but scientists are only interested in genealogical and cultural aspects so far. In case tamgas are perceived as a full-fledged source, some problems related to the studies of the medieval history of the Great belt of steppes can be solved, for example, such as clarifying the geography of distribution of the Oghuz tribes, analyzing their political and economic activity, as well as determining the degree of kinship of the Turkic peoples among themselves. The article considers the pronounced differences and similarities of Oghuz tamgas in different written sources, the synchronicity of the existence of tamgas in the Turkic world, and how well the problem is studied.The results of preliminary research indicate the presence and preservation (based on the monuments) of Oghuz tamgas among Kazakhs, Turks, Azerbaijanis, Kirghiz, Tatars, Turkmens, Nogais, Bashkirs. This, in turn, indicates the existence of Turkic unity in the researched territories during the periods of the proliferation of Oghuz tamgas.


2021 ◽  
Vol VI (I) ◽  
pp. 133-142
Author(s):  
Hafiza Habiba Ikram ◽  
Amara Khan

I here apply the Palimpsestic approach to the major events and characters in Tehmima Anam’s Bengal Trilogy, A Golden Age (2007), The Good Muslim (2011) and The Bones of Grace (2016). I have explored how Anam remaps particular places in her trilogy by adding a unique narrative in the history of Bangladesh. This research identifies the reactions of some of the major characters when they are placed in a particular time period which eventually changes their perception of the particular situation. I have analyzed three major female characters and a couple of minor male characters to find out what makes them distinctive and challenging in the light of the selected theoretical approaches. The major aspects of the Palimpsest approach such as superimposed structures, overwriting and rewriting of certain events, re-inscription of certain ideas, remapping of particular places, and the special role of memory or recalling of an event highlight the trilogy as a palimpsest text.


Author(s):  
Marko Geslani

Most accounts of Hinduism posit a radical difference between the aniconic fire sacrifice (yajña) and temple-based image worship (pūjā). The historical distinction between ancient Vedism and medieval Hinduism is often premised on this basic ritual opposition. Through an exacting study of ritual manuals, Rites of the God-King offers an alternative account of the formation of mainstream Hindu ritual through the history of śānti, or “appeasement,” a form of aspersion or bathing, developed in order to counteract inauspicious omens. This ritual, which originated at the nexus of the fourth and somewhat marginal Veda (Atharvaveda) and the emergent tradition of astronomy-astrology (Jyotiḥśāstra), would come to have far-reaching consequences on the ideal ritual life of the king in early medieval Brahmanical society—and on the ideal ritual life of images. The mantric substitutions involved in this history helped to produce a politicized ritual culture that could encompass both traditional Vedic and newer Hindu practices and performers. From astrological appeasement to gifting, coronation, and image worship, the author chronicles the multiple lives and afterlives of a single ritual mode, disclosing the always inventive work of priesthood to imagine and enrich royal power. Along the way, he reveals the surprising role of astrologers in Hindu history, elaborates concepts of sin and misfortune, and forges new connections between medieval texts and modern practice. Detailing forms of ritual that were dispersed widely across Asia, he concludes with a reflection on the nature of orthopraxy, ritual change, and the problem of presence in the Hindu tradition.


Author(s):  
Alexandra Chavarría Arnau

Since the end of the 19th century, Italian historiography concerning the beginnings of the ‘comune’ has identified the expression ante ecclesia in convento, from chapter 343 of the Lombard Edict of Rothari, as evidence of an early medieval communal organisation based on earlier Roman structures. This interpretation is of significance not only for the history of cities, but also for the countryside and the organisation of commons. This chapter explores the function of churches and their surroundings as places of assembly, analysing other Italian written sources that mention meetings of a non-ecclesiastical character in relation to these buildings, and introduces the archaeological evidence to identify where exactly these meetings could have been conducted


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document