scholarly journals PENENTUAN PATOTIPE DAN KERAGAMAN GENETIK Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae PADA TANAMAN PADI DI WILAYAH KARESIDENAN BANYUMAS

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heru Adi Djatmiko ◽  
Budi Prakoso ◽  
Nur Prihatiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Negative Growth

One of the major diseases of rice paddy fields in Indonesia and the Asian countries is bacterial leaf blight or kresek caused by X. oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Losses caused by the disease in Indonesia reached 70–80%, in India reached 74–81%, and Japan reached 20–50%, thus causing great losses in the economy. The objectives of that research were: 1) Characterize Xoo from Karesidenan Banyumas; 2) To study of the amount of damage and AUDPC (the area under disease progress curve) of bacterial leaf blight disease at Karesidenan Banyumas; 3) To obtain of Xoo pathotype by using the test varieties; 4) To obtaining genetic diversity of Xoo that found in Banjarnegara, Purbalingga, Banyumas, Cilacap dan Kebumen region. Research was carried out in several stages: isolation and characterization of Xoo from Barlingmascakeb region, testing of Xoo with five varieties testing, assesment of disease intensity of bacterial leaf blight and AUDPC in the field, and testing the genetic diversity of Xoo. The results showed that pathogen of bacterial blight on rice is Xoo characterized yellow colour of colonies on SPA medium, negative gram reaction, catalase positive, oxidase negative, negative growth at 0.1% TZC, negative starch hydrolisis , and resistance to 0.001% Cu(NO3)2 positive. Xoo pathotype isolats found in Banjarnegara was pathotype X, Cilacap were pathotype I and II and Purbalingga was pathotype II. Eighteen of Xoo from Karesidenan Banyumas (Banjarnegara, Purbalingga, Banyumas, Cilacap and Kebumen) of RAPD differ one from the others.

scholarly journals Effect of bioagent formulations on progress of bacterial leaf blight disease of rice under field conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-393
Author(s):  
Gokil Prasad Gangwar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Blight Disease

In the present study, effectiveness of different fungal (Trichoderma harzianum) and bacterial (Pseudomonas fluorescens) bioagent formulations in reducing progress of the bacterial leaf blight disease of rice under field conditions was studied and compared with chemical treatment and untreated check. The results exhibited that after 23 to 30 days after first application, bioagent formulations were more effective then chemical treatment in reducing progress of disease. Bioagent formulations exhibited long lasting effect in reducing progress of disease during Kharif, 2006 and 2007. Application of bioagent formulations resulted in significant reduction (60.5 – 142.8%) in area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) as compared to check during Kharif, 2006 and 2007. Significant increase in grain yield (14.3 - 21.5 %) was observed with the application of bioagent formulations as compared to check during Kharif, 2006 and 2007.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF ENDOPHYTIC BACILLUS ISOLATED FROM SHALLOT ROOT AS BIOCONTROL OF BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT DISEASE

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Zurai Resti ◽  
Trimurti Habazar ◽  
Deddi Prima Putra ◽  
Nasrun .
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Blight Disease

Characterization of Endophytic Bacillus Isolated from Shallot Root as Biocontrol of Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease. Endophytic Bacillus isolated from the roots of healthy shallots has potential as biological control agent of bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease. Based on the in planta screening, four endophytic bacteria that capable of controlling BLB diseases from the group of Bacillus were obtained, such as Bacillus cereus P14, Bacillus cereus Se07, Bacillus sp. HI, and Bacillus sp. SJI. The aims of this study were to investigate the characteristics of endophytic Bacillus that capable of controlling BLB disease and to determine the characteristic that most responsible in the disease control. This study method was descriptive. The characteristics observed were production of antibiotics by paper disc method, production of salicylic acid by capillary electrophoresis, and root colonization by in planta method. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the characteristic most responsible in the disease control. The results showed that four endophytic Bacillus were capable of producing salicylic acid and colonizing the root, and three of them were also capable of producing antibiotic. Salicylic acid production varied ranging from 13.96 to 14.72 ppm mL-1. Three endophytic Bacillus were capable of producing antibiotic with inhibition zone of 16.25 to 20.25 mm. Endophytic Bacillus was able to colonize the shallot roots with a population of bacteria ranged from 3.20 × 105-6, 20 × 105 CFU g-1 root. Based on the correlation coefficient of linear regression analysis, the root colonization of endophytic bacteria played the role in decreasing BLB disease.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Microsatellite Loci of Clarias macrocephalus and Their Application to Genetic Diversity Study

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uthairat Na-Nakorn ◽  
Nobuhiko Taniguchi ◽  
Estu Nugroho ◽  
Shingo Seki ◽  
Wongpathom Kamonrat
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Clarias Macrocephalus ◽  
Genetic Diversity Study ◽  
Diversity Study

scholarly journals Bioefficacy of Chemicals against Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease of Rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 3570-3575
Author(s):  
A. Khandual ◽  
M. K. Mishra ◽  
H. Swain ◽  
S. Mohanty ◽  
P. C. Rath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Blight Disease

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of the Gene Coding for the Amidinotransferase Involved in the Biosynthesis of Phaseolotoxin in Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Hernández-Guzmán ◽  
Ariel Alvarez-Morales
Keyword(s):  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Insertion Mutant ◽  
Halo Blight ◽  
Streptomyces Spp ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Blight Disease

Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola is the causal agent of the “halo blight” disease of beans. A key component in the development of the disease is a nonhost-specific toxin, Nδ-(N'-sulphodiaminophosphinyl)-ornithyl-alanyl-homoarginine, known as phaseolotoxin. The homoarginine residue in this molecule has been suggested to be the product of Larginine:lysine amidinotransferase activity, previously detected in extracts of P. syringae pv. phaseolicola grown under conditions of phaseolotoxin production. We report the isolation and characterization of an amidinotransferase gene (amtA) from P. syringae pv. phaseolicola coding for a polypeptide of 362 residues (41.36 kDa) and showing approximately 40% sequence similarity to Larginine:inosamine-phosphate amidinotransferase from three species of Streptomyces spp. and 50.4% with an Larginine:glycine amidinotransferase from human mitochondria. The cysteine, histidine, and aspartic acid residues involved in substrate binding are conserved. Furthermore, expression of the amtA and argK genes and phaseolotoxin production occurs at 18°C but not at 28°C. An amidinotransferase insertion mutant was obtained that lost the capacity to synthesize homoarginine and phaseolotoxin. These results show that the amtA gene isolated is responsible for the amidinotransferase activity detected previously and that phaseolotoxin production depends upon the activity of this gene.

Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) mediated defence induction against bacterial leaf blight: probing through chlorophyll a fluorescence induction O–J–I–P transients

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shasmita ◽  
Harekrushna Swain ◽  
Anuprita Ray ◽  
Pradipta K. Mohapatra ◽  
Ramani K. Sarkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is a serious threat for rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation caused by the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. The pathogen mainly damages the leaf chlorophyllous tissue, resulting in poor photosynthesis and causing up to 50% reductions in grain yield. In the present work, we have compared the structural and functional ability of the chloroplast of three varieties of rice with different degrees of susceptibility (TN1, highly susceptible; IR-20, moderately resistant; DV-85, resistant to BLB) treated with riboflavin (1 and 2 mM) and infected with BLB, with chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool. As indicated by the chlorophyll fluorescence technique, the disease progress curve and yield data, riboflavin acted as an effective vitamin for inducing resistance against BLB. Plants treated with riboflavin showed improved PSII activity, more chlorophyll content and higher yield than the diseased plants.

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