scholarly journals Demand Analysis of Termite Control Service in Jakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Mohamad Miftah Rahman ◽  
Dodi Nandika ◽  
Bintang Charles Hamonangan Simangunsong
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Demand Analysis ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Great Loss ◽  
Risk Class ◽  
Dummy Variables ◽  
Large Company ◽  
Termite Control ◽  
Control Service

Termite is an economically important pest species in the pest control industry and considered as one of the urban pests. Although it had caused a great loss, only a few studies on termite control demand were found. This study attempted to identify determinants and build the econometric model of termite control demand in Jakarta. The findings are expected to give the pest control industry a better understanding of the pest control market. Two ad-hoc models, linear and double log models, were investigated using the Least Square Dummy Variable (LSDV) technique. The results showed that the double log model was found better than the linear model based on sign expectation and significance. The price of termite control service, building permits, price of structural metals and dummy variables for the large company were statistically significant determinants, whereas dummy variables for risk class were not. Termite control demand for medium and small companies was not significantly different, but both of them were significantly lower than demand for the large company. This study also found that the demand for termite control was elastic.Keywords: demand analysis, econometric modeling, pest control, termite control, urban pest

scholarly journals Evaluation of New Systemic Insecticides for Elm Insect Pest Control

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Casey Sclar ◽  
Whitney S. Cranshaw
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Shade Trees ◽  
Insect Pest Control ◽  
Systemic Activity ◽  
Systemic Insecticides

Abstract Use of systemic insecticides that can be injected either into the root system or trunk of woody plants provides several potential advantages, notably in control of drift during application. Recently, new classes of insecticides with systemic activity have been developed, which may supplant the organophosphate and carbamate systemic insecticides that have previously been available. To evaluate their potential to control insects affecting shade trees, studies were conducted using imidacloprid and abamectin on elm. Soil injections of imidacloprid appeared particularly effective, controlling all three of the target pest species in this study (elm leaf beetle, European elm scale, elm leaf aphid). Both imidacloprid and abamectin also were effective against at least some elm insects when injected into trunks. Persistence of irnidacloprid was unusually long, providing second season control of all elm insect pests, although root uptake following soil injections was slow.

scholarly journals Field selectivity of a spinosad-poisoned bait toward target tephritids and non-target insects

2014 ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Infusino ◽  
Nino Iannotta ◽  
Stefano Scalercio
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Insect Monitoring

One of the key-points in sustainable agriculture is to minimize the amount of pesticides inputs in agro-ecosystems increasing selectivity of active agents on target pests mainly. According to this perspective, control strategies utilising baits receive a growing interest. a spinosad-poisoned sugar-based bait, the so called GF-120 bait, utilised against diptera Tephritidae, recently appeared on the market. The toxicity of spinosad for non-target insects is demonstrated by several authors. However, the amount of pesticide applied is strongly reduced by using it with an attractive food-bait, even if field evidences on the selective attraction of this bait are missing. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the selectivity of GF-120 bait toward target and non-target insects under field conditions, focussing our attention on pollinators. Field trials were performed in a 20 years old olive orchard, where 12 baited and 12 unbaited traps were positioned for insect monitoring. The abundance of the most common orders of insects and target pest species Bactrocera oleae and Ceratitis capitata has been assessed. The main finding of this research is that many pollinators are not attracted by the bait, while target and non-target diptera are significantly attracted by the bait with the exception of Muscidae. The attraction toward a part of non-target diptera should be better explored in order to avoid negative impact on beneficial and non-target species. The need of pest control strategies safer for the environment and the wild populations of non-target organisms seems to be satisfied by the use of this bait.

scholarly journals Nine Mitochondrial Genomes of the Pyraloidea and Their Phylogenetic Implications (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1039
Author(s):  
Xiaomeng Liu ◽  
Mujie Qi ◽  
Haizhen Xu ◽  
Zhipeng Wu ◽  
Lizong Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Great Loss ◽  
Phylogenetic Implications ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
High Level

The Pyraloidea is one of the species-rich superfamilies of Lepidoptera and contains numerous economically important pest species that cause great loss in crop production. Here, we sequenced and annotated nine complete mitogenomes for Pyraloidea, and further performed various phylogenetic analyses, to improve our understanding of mitogenomic evolution and phylogeny of this superfamily. The nine mitogenomes were circular, double-stranded molecules, with the lengths ranging from 15,214 bp to 15,422 bp, which are comparable to other reported pyraloid mitogenomes in size. Gene content and arrangement were highly conserved and are typical of Lepidoptera. Based on the hitherto most extensive mitogenomic sampling, our various resulting trees showed generally congruent topologies among pyraloid subfamilies, which are almost in accordance with previous multilocus studies, indicating the suitability of mitogenomes in inferring high-level relationships of Pyraloidea. However, nodes linking subfamilies in the “non-PS clade” were not completely resolved in terms of unstable topologies or low supports, and future investigations are needed with increased taxon sampling and molecular data. Unexpectedly, Orybina Snellen, represented in a molecular phylogenetic investigation for the first time, was robustly placed as basal to the remaining Pyralidae taxa across our analyses, rather than nested in Pyralinae of Pyralidae as morphologically defined. This novel finding highlights the need to reevaluate Orybina monophyly and its phylogenetic position by incorporating additional molecular and morphological evidence.

scholarly journals Genome and transcriptome analysis of the beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua reveals targets for pest control

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Simon ◽  
Thijmen Breeschoten ◽  
Hans J Jansen ◽  
Ron P Dirks ◽  
M. Eric Schranz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Genome Assembly ◽  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Hybrid Genome

Background: The genus Spodoptera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) includes some of the most infamous insect pests of cultivated plants including Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera exigua. To effectively develop targeted pest control strategies for diverse Spodoptera species, genomic resources are highly desired. To this aim, we provide the genome assembly and developmental transcriptome comprising all major life stages of S. exigua, the beet armyworm. Spodoptera exigua is a polyphagous herbivore that can feed from > 130 host plants including several economically important crops. Results: The 419 Mb beet armyworm genome was sequenced from a female S. exigua pupa. Using a hybrid genome sequencing approach (Nanopore long read data and Illumina short read), a high-quality genome assembly was achieved (N50=1.1 Mb). An official gene set (OGS, 18,477 transcripts) was generated by automatic annotation and by using transcriptomic RNA-seq data sets of 18 S. exigua samples as supporting evidence. In-depth analyses of developmental stage-specific expression in combination with gene tree analyses of identified homologous genes across Lepidoptera genomes revealed potential Spodoptera-specific genes of interest such as mg7 and REPAT46 upregulated during 1st and 3rd instar larval stages for targeted pest-outbreak management. Conclusions: The beet armyworm genome sequence and developmental transcriptome covering all major developmental stages provides critical insights into the biology of this devastating polyphagous insect pest species with a worldwide distribution. In addition, comparative genomic analyses across Lepidoptera significantly advance our knowledge to further control other invasive Spodoptera species and reveals potential lineage-specific target genes for pest control strategies.

scholarly journals DAMP AI( HAMBATAN NON-TARIF TERHADAP PERMINT AAN EKSPOR UDANG INDONESIA KE UNI EROPA

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Toni Kuswoyo ◽  
Dwidjono Hadi Darwanto ◽  
Slamet Hartono
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Export Price ◽  
Least Square ◽  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Dummy Variables ◽  
The Eu

This research was aimed to determine theforms of the non-tarifbarrier and its impact to the Indonesian shrimp export demand to the European Union (EU), beside the other factors as constructor of demand function. This research used secondary data (lime series) during 23 years (1984-2006): shrimp export volume (Qd), shrimp export price (Px), domestic shrimp price (Pd), crab export price (Pk), exchange rate from the importing countries, and commerce regulations which is peiformed by EU as dummy variables. The data collected from DKP, BPS, Depdag, internet, and other relevant institutions. Peculiarly, the dummy variable grouped into 6 groups: RASFF (DI), contaminant (D2), certain substances & residues (D3), health conditions & food hVf!iene rules (D4), HCCP (D5), and marketinf! standards (D6).This research used the multiple regression analysis model, with the tolerant time (!gg) I year from tfor several dummy variables. Analysis were conducted at 6 markets: UE as a whole, Dutch, United Kingdom (UK), French, Germany, and Belgia and Luxemburg. Testing of the classical assumptions conducted by the econometric criterions is covering the economic and statistic criterions. The estimation of the regression parameters conducted by the smallest square method (ordinarv least SQuare. OLS) and model repaired as the effect of existence of the first order autocorrelation by a comand "auto". The equation model related to the Coob-Douglas model, was transformed into the natural logarithm model in order to easiZv analyzed in package program of statistics.Result of the analysis indicated that the commerce regulations applied by the EU, which its vary to each state, entirely has the negative impact to the Indonesian shrimp export to the UE, except D4 for the UK that shown the positive impact. Several regulations known newly indicated the effect which itsformed into Jgg or its impact is newly felt I year after the regulations enter into force. Thefact strengthen the assumption that applying of commerce regulations by the UE can be the disguised restriction to trade, in this case included to the non tarifbarrier. The sixth groups of the regulationswere very related to the food security and traceability aspect, or in its bearing with the WTO agreements were very related to the SPS and TBT aspect. This invention also strengthen the assumption that non-tarif barrier which newly developed by the advanced countries to control the importation from the other countries were deal with the food security and traceability aspect, or the SPS and TBT aspect. The quantitative non- tarif barrier, example import quota or embargo, were rarer in used. Ap-parently, the EU doesn't wishtoooutspokenin theeffort to control its commerce with the other countries.Realizedor not, in thepresentnon-tarif barrier haveimportantposition to determinewhetheror not thefluent of theinternational trade

scholarly journals Beneficial Insects for Biological Pest Control in Greenhouse Cannabis Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Gerasimos GRAMMENOS ◽  
Varvara KOUNELI ◽  
Antonios MAVROEIDIS ◽  
Ioannis ROUSSIS ◽  
Ioanna KAKABOUKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Visual Estimation ◽  
Biological Pest Control ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Beneficial Insects

A greenhouse cannabis cultivation took place in Agriculture university of Athens in order to quantify the efficiency of beneficial insects as a main method of pest management. Cannabis plants grown in two greenhouses and beneficial insects were released only in one greenhouse as a means to investigate the efficacy against pests by the comparison with the control greenhouse. Measurements included the visual estimation of infestation, the recording of pest species and populations, and the comparison of infestations and yields amongst greenhouses. Our results indicate that beneficial insects could control pest populations up to 100%. Even though the environmental conditions were not optimal and consecutive pest infestations were observed throughout the duration of our study, the beneficial insects successfully managed the pest populations. In conclusion, biological control with beneficial insects is a very effective method for pest management in greenhouse cannabis production.

scholarly journals Knockdown of Genes Involved in Transcription and Splicing Reveals Novel RNAi Targets for Pest Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eileen Knorr ◽  
Andre Billion ◽  
Elane Fishilevich ◽  
Linda Tenbusch ◽  
Meghan L. F. Frey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Gene Selection ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Knowledge Based

RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising next generation technology for the development of species-specific pest management. The key to successful RNAi based-plant protection is dependent in part on data-driven target gene selection, a challenging task due to the absence of laboratory strains and the seasonality of most pest species. In this study, we aimed to identify novel target genes by performing a knowledge-based approach in order to expand the spectrum of known potent RNAi targets. Recently, the protein-coding genes ncm, Rop, RPII-140, and dre4 have been identified as sensitive RNAi targets for pest control. Based on these potent RNAi targets, we constructed an interaction network and analyzed a selection of 30 genes in the model beetle Tribolium castaneum via injection of dsRNA synthesized by in vitro transcription. Nineteen of these targets induced significant mortality of over 70%, including six that caused 100% lethality. Orthologs of active T. castaneum RNAi targets were verified in the economically important coleopteran pests Diabrotica virgifera virgifera and Brassicogethes aeneus. Knockdown of D. v. virgifera genes coding for transcription factor Spt5, Spt6, and RNA polymerase II subunit RPII-33 caused over 90% mortality in larval feeding assays. Injection of dsRNA constructs targeting RPII-215 or the pre-mRNA-processing factor Prp19 into adult B. aeneus resulted in high lethality rates of 93 and 87%, respectively. In summary, the demonstrated knowledge-based approaches increased the probability of identifying novel lethal RNAi target genes from 2% (whole genome) to 36% (transcription- and splicing-related genes). In addition, performing RNAi pre-screening in a model insect increased also the probability of the identification essential genes in the difficult-to-work-with pest species D. v. virgifera and B. aeneus.

The effect of bait design on bait consumption in termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Evans ◽  
P.V. Gleeson
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Total Size ◽  
Minimal Time ◽  
Bait Stations

AbstractThe efficacy of baiting as a pest control method relies on the bait appealing to the pest species. In the case of wood-eating termites, bait stations should be designed to encourage termite presence and to maximize their consumption of bait matrix in order to expedite control in minimal time. A field experiment examined the effect of bait size (one large bait or four small baits of equivalent total size, with commensurate inspection and replacement schedules), compaction (tightly rolled or loosely folded) and composition (paper only or paper plus wood) on termite presence and on untreated bait paper removal rates over four months. All three factors were significant, with bait size the most important factor, followed by compaction and then composition. The least effective baits were small, compacted (rolled) paper-only baits with monthly inspections; these had the highest abandonment rate (70%) and had the least paper removed (mean of 24 g). The most effective baits were large, folded paper-plus-wood baits with inspections at two months; these had the lowest abandonment rate (20%) and had the highest paper removal (mean of 112 g). The more than four-fold difference between these baits types demonstrates that bait efficacy can be altered considerably merely by changing bait design without adding new ingredients to the bait matrix.

EFFECTS OF PRECIPITATION ON CROP INSECTS

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (11) ◽  
pp. 1360-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan P. Beirne
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Mechanical Factor ◽  
Annual Crops

Abstract A review and analysis of the literature showed that precipitation, or its absence, can regulate the numbers of or the damage by insect pests of annual crops in Canada in essentially four main ways: as soil moisture, when the insects are in the ground; as a mechanical factor that impinges directly on them when they are exposed; through its effects on foodplants; and through its effects on natural enemies of the pests. Though any one pest species may be influenced by two or more of these processes and in different ways by each depending on the stage of its life cycle that is affected, usually only one way is significant. Precipitation is so far of little value in forecasting pest situations reliably, but water in various forms has much potential for use as a pest control agent.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document