scholarly journals Bio-Polyurethane Resins Derived from Liquid Fractions of Lignin for the Modification of Ramie Fibers

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Manggar Arum Aristri ◽  
Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis ◽  
Raden Permana Budi Laksana ◽  
Faizatul Falah ◽  
Widya Fatriasari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Vacuum Impregnation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Ramie Fibers ◽  
Polymeric Isocyanate ◽  
Standard Fractionation

In this study, technical lignin from black liquor was used as a pre-polymer for the preparation of bio-polyurethane (Bio-PU) resins. Briefly, the isolated lignin was fractionated using ethyl acetate (EtAc) and methanol (MeOH). The liquid fractions of lignin, such as lignin-EtAc (L-EtAc) and lignin-methanol (L-MeOH), were mixed with 10% of polymeric isocyanate (based on the weight of liquid fractions) to obtain Bio-PU resins. The isolated lignin, fractionated lignin, and lignin-derived Bio-PU resins were characterized using several techniques. The obtained Bio-PU resins were then used to modify ramie fibers using vacuum impregnation method. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) revealed that the isolated lignin had quite similar characteristics to the lignin standard. Fractionation of lignin with EtAc and MeOH altered its characteristics. FTIR, DSC, and TGA showed that solid fractions of lignin had similar characteristics to lignin standard and isolated lignin, while the liquid fractions had characteristics from lignin and the solvents. The absorption band of isocyanate (−N=C=O) groups was shifted to 2285 cm−1 from 2240 cm−1 owing to the reaction with the −OH groups in lignin, forming urethane (R−NH−C=O−R) groups at 1605 cm−1 in Bio-PU resins. Thermal properties of Bio-PU resins derived from L-EtAc exhibited greater endothermic reaction compared to Bio-PU-L-MeOH. As a result, the free −N=C=O groups in Bio-PU resins have reacted with –OH groups on the surface of ramie fibers and improved its thermal properties. Modification of ramie fibers with Bio-PU resins improved the fibers’ thermal stability by 15% using Bio-PU-LEtAc for 60 min of impregnation.Keywords: Bio-polyurethane resins, Impregnation, Lignin fractions, Ramie fibers, Thermal stability

scholarly journals Thermal stability of segmented polyurethane elastomers reinforced by clay particles

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 621-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Pavlicevic ◽  
Jaroslava Budinski-Simendic ◽  
Mészáros Szécsényi ◽  
Nada Lazic ◽  
Milena Spirkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Chain Extender ◽  
Hexamethylene Diisocyanate ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Polyurethane Elastomers ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Clay Nanoparticles ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The aim of this work was to determine the influence of clay nanoparticles on thermal properties of segmented polyurethanes based on hexamethylene- diisocyanate, aliphatic polycarbonate diol and 1,4-butanediol as chain extender. The organically modified particles of montmorillonite and bentonite were used as reinforcing fillers. The structure of elastomeric materials was varied either by diol type or chain extender content. The ratio of OH groups from diol and chain extender (R) was either 1 or 10. Thermal properties of prepared materials were determined using modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC). Thermal stability of obtained elastomers has been studied by simultaneously thermogravimetry coupled with DSC. The glass transition temperature, Tg, of soft segments for all investigated samples was about -33?C. On the basis of DTG results, it was concluded that obtained materials were very stable up to 300?C.

Epoxy Cured with Anhydride Terminated Polydimethylsiloxane: Cure Kinetics and Thermal Properties

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
Yuan Ren ◽  
Zheng Xi ◽  
Wen Jun Gan ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Succinic Anhydride ◽  
Cure Kinetics ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyses ◽  
Isothermal Measurements ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

A siloxane-containing dianhydride, succinic anhydride terminated polydimethylsiloxane (DMS-Z21) was selected to cure diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A based epoxy resin (DGEBA). The cure kinetics and thermal properties were investigated by nonisothermal and isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), respectively. The activation energy (Ea) of the curing reaction was obtained based on the methods of Kissinger and isothermal measurements. The results of the thermogravimetric analyses of the DGEBA/DMS-Z21 system showed that the thermal stability of the DGEBA/DMS-Z21 system was slightly higher than the DGEBA/MeTHPA system.

scholarly journals Examining the Influence of Re–Used Nanofiller—Pyrolyzed Montmorillonite, on the Thermal Properties of Polypropylene–Based Engineering Nanocomposites

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2636
Author(s):  
Tomasz M. Majka ◽  
Oskar Bartyzel ◽  
Konstantinos N. Raftopoulos ◽  
Joanna Pagacz ◽  
Krzysztof Pielichowski
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Stabilization Effect ◽  
Polypropylene Melt ◽  
Better Than

Pyrolysis of the polypropylene/montmorillonite (PP/OMMT) nanocomposites allows for recovery of the filler that can be then re–used to produce PP/pyrolyzed MMT (PMMT) nanostructured composites. In this work, we discuss the thermal properties of PP/PMMT composites investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). It has been found that effect of PMMT (5 wt. % and 10 wt. %) on matrix thermal stability occurs at temperatures above 300 °C. Addition of 5 wt. % and 10 wt. % of PMMT into polypropylene system gave good stabilization effect, as confirmed by the overall stabilization effect (OSE) values, which increased by 4% and 7%, respectively, compared to the control sample (PP). Interestingly, the presence of 1 wt. % and 3 wt. % of pyrolyzed clay stabilizes the system better than the same concentrations of organoclay added into polypropylene melt. DSC data revealed that pyrolyzed clay has still the same tendency as organoclay to enhance formation of the α and β crystalline PP phases only. The pyrolyzed MMT causes an improvement of the modulus in the glassy as well as rubbery regions, as confirmed by DMA results.

Thermal properties of a series of tetrafunctional fluorene-based oxazines/P-a blends

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1139-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi Sang ◽  
Tiantian Feng ◽  
Wenbin Liu ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Mehdi Derradji
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Primary Amines ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
High Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Good Thermal Stability

A new series of aniline and aniline-mixed tetrafunctional fluorene-based oxazine monomers were synthesized using 2,7-hydroxy-9,9-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene, paraformaldehyde, and primary amines (including aniline or aniline mixed with n-butylamine or n-octylamine composition). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to characterize the structure of the monomers. The copolymers were obtained by adding the monomers into a typical monofunctional polybenzoxazine (phenol-aniline-based benzoxazine). Differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and dynamic mechanical analysis were performed to study the thermal properties of the copolymers. The copolymers exhibited high glass transition temperature values (164–201°C). A good thermal stability was also obtained with a 5% weight loss temperature over 355°C and high char yields at 800°C (42–50%).

scholarly journals Morphological and thermal properties of composites prepared with poly(lactic acid), poly(ethylene-alt-maleic anhydride), and biochar from microwave-pyrolyzed jatropha seeds

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 3171-3185
Author(s):  
Perry Law Nyuk Khui ◽  
Rezaur Rahman ◽  
Abu Saleh Ahmed ◽  
Kuok King Kuok ◽  
Muhammad Khusairy Bin Bakri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Jatropha Seeds ◽  
Properties Of Composites

The morphological and thermal properties of composites containing a bioplastic blend and micro/nano-sized biochar from pyrolyzed jatropha seeds from microwave pyrolyzed jatropha seeds were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The biocomposite samples exhibited a brittle structure with a slightly ductile chip-like appearance. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results for the PLA/PEMA/BC bio-composites were comparable to the PLA/BC biocomposites. A lower bio-filler content had more pronounced peak intensities than the higher bio-filler content biocomposites. The added PEMA compatibilizer in the PLA/PEMA/BC biocomposite showed more pronounced peaks, which indicated slightly improved bonding/interaction between the bio-filler and the matrix. Overall, increasing bio-filler content did not drastically affect the functional groups of the biocomposites. Thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed the developed biocomposites had a slight improvement in thermal stability, in comparison to the PLA sample. Improvements in the thermal stability of the PLA/PEMA/BC biocomposite could be attributed to the additional hydroxyl group, which was due to the added PEMA in the PLA and PLA/BC. According to the results of the analysis of the developed biocomposites, the biocomposites were more brittle and had reasonable thermal stability.

Polyethylene Glycol/Expanded Vermiculite Shape-Stabilized Composite Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage

2016 ◽  
Vol 847 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Yong Deng ◽  
Jin Hong Li ◽  
Ting Ting Qian ◽  
Wei Min Guan ◽  
Xiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Vacuum Impregnation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Expanded Vermiculite ◽  
Composite Phase Change Materials

Polyethylene glycol (PEG)/ expanded vermiculite (EVMT) shape-stabilized composite phase change material (ss-CPCM) was prepared by a facile vacuum impregnation method. The maximum mass percentage for PEG retained in ss-CPCM was 75.1 wt.% due to specific non-uniform flat layers pore structure of EVMT. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis results indicated that the melted PEG was adsorbed on the surface and completely dispersed into the pores of EVMT and no chemical changes took place during the heating and cooling processes. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that the crystal structure of PEG was not destroyed after impregnation whereas the crystallization process of PEG was greatly restrained. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results indicated that ss-CPCM melted at 57.61°C with a latent heat of 103.1 J/g and solidified at 33.19°C with a latent heat of 88.29 J/g. In addition, the thermal conductivity of ss-CPCM reached 0.418W/m K. The ss-CPCM can be considered as promising candidate materials for building applications due to their suitable phase change temperature, large latent heat and excellent chemical compatibility.

Preparation and thermal properties of phase change materials based on paraffin with expanded graphite and carbon foams prepared from sucroses

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (97) ◽  
pp. 95085-95091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoyu Yin ◽  
Zhaohui Huang ◽  
Ruilong Wen ◽  
Xiaoguang Zhang ◽  
Bo Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Expanded Graphite ◽  
Carbon Foam ◽  
Vacuum Impregnation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Graphite Composite ◽  
Carbon Foams ◽  
Energy Storage Applications

Paraffin/carbon foam/expanded graphite composite with good thermal properties and chemical stabilities, was prepared using a vacuum impregnation method, and is suitable for low-temperature thermal energy storage applications.

Effects of Levan on the Biodegradability and Thermal Properties of Polybutylene Succinate

2017 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
pp. 294-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukantika Manatsittipan ◽  
Kamontip Kuttiyawong ◽  
Sunan Tiptipakorn
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Melting Behavior ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Polybutylene Succinate ◽  
Internal Mixer

In this study, the biodegradability and the thermal properties of PBS and levan were prepared in the internal mixer with levan contents of 0, 0.5, and 1 wt%. The results from Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) present that the melting temperature of PBS was slightly decreased with increasing levan contents. That means there was no significant effect of levan on melting behavior of the composites at the added content. From the TGA thermograms, it could be seen that there was no significant effect on the thermal stability when adding levan. The degradation temperature at 5% weight loss for all composites were in the rage of 377-379 oC. Furthermore, char yields for all contents were closed to zero. Moreover, the water absorption of PBS/Levan composites was increased with levan content. The biodegradation was observed after 4-day burial period; the holes from degradation were larger with levan contents.

Preparation and Thermal Properties of Polybenzoxazine/TiC Hybrids

2014 ◽  
Vol 887-888 ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noureddine Ramdani ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Wen Bin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
New Class ◽  
Solution Blending ◽  
Tic Nanoparticles ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In this work, typical polybenzoxazine, as new class of phenolic resin, has been used as a matrix for preparing a series of high performance hybrid materials using various amounts of titanium carbide (TiC) ranging between 0-10 wt% as fillers, via a solution blending technique. The thermal properties of bisphenol A-aniline base benzoxazine monomers (BA-a) and TiC mixtures have been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The thermal stability of their cured hybrids has been tested by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The result showed that the glass transition temperature of the prepared composites increased with increasing the amount of TiC to reach a higher value at 194°C. Also, the incorporation of TiC nanoparticles has considerably improved the thermal stability of the hybrids including the char yield which increase by 50 % at 10 wt% TiC content.

Synthesis and properties of poly(arylene imino) containing fluorenone group (PIKF)

e-Polymers ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Guanjun Chang ◽  
Zhen Xu ◽  
Lubin Miao ◽  
Yi Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Electron Transport Layer ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Palladium Catalyzed

AbstractA series of novel poly(arylene imino) containing fluorenone group (PIKF) have been synthesized via palladium-catalyzed polycondensation. The thermal properties of PIKF are detected by thermal behavior (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). UV-vis absorption spectra, photoluminescence are investigated. PIKF exhibit good thermal stability and high Tgs(>200 °C ). The optical properties of PIKF show that PIKF are interesting materials for further investigations to be presented as possible candidates for use as an electron transport layer (n-type) in multilayer LEDs.

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