scholarly journals Urban ecology concept of spatial development in Russia: implementation perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
A. G. Vaytens ◽  
◽  
M. V. Shubenkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Ecology ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Spatial Expansion ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Consumption Growth ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Population Concentration ◽  
Crisis Conditions

The article considers several relevant questions: will the period of population concentration in large cities and metropolises, which are the main resource - energy consumers and sources of environmental degradation, eventually come to end? What should the new cities be like and what should be done with the old ones which were built on the basis of the consumption growth ideology and unregulated spatial expansion? Is there any way for existing cities to evolve into new forms? The urban ecology concept is presented in regard to Russia, and its implementation perspectives under the current crisis conditions are discussed.

scholarly journals Spatial analysis of the urbanization development in the regions of Asiatic Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Н.Р. ЗАНГЕЕВА ◽  
В.С. БАТОМУНКУЕВ ◽  
В.Г. АЮШЕЕВА
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Development ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Population Concentration ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Spatial Aspect ◽  
Urbanization Development ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Territorial Division

Российская урбанизация по своему содержанию и региональному развитию является крайне актуальным предметом научного анализа. В настоящее время большой интерес вызывают перспективы формирования и развития крупных городских агломераций в Азиатской России, в связи с чем возникают проблемы, обусловленные системой расселения, которая в своем пространственном аспекте является весьма неоднородной. В административно-территориальном делении Азиатская Россия включает в себя субъекты трех федеральных округов – Уральского, Сибирского и Дальневосточного. Регионы между собой отличаются по степени освоенности, по уровню социально-экономического развития и урбанизации. Основной зоной концентрации населения являются крупные города, ведущие транспортные узлы Транссибирской железнодорожной магистрали. При этом большая часть территорий азиатской части страны характеризуется слабой заселенностью. Это, как правило, периферийные районы, крайне отдаленные от основной транспортной оси, полностью или частично утратившие свою специализацию, которые на сегодняшний день не имеют устойчивых социально-экономических перспектив развития и интенсивно теряют свое население. Низкий уровень урбанизированности восточных регионов ставит под угрозу национальную безопасность страны. В связи с чем особого внимания заслуживает анализ процессов урбанизации азиатской части России с целью выявления современных особенностей трансформации пространственного развития. Для понимания макрорегиональной ситуации авторы основывались на обобщении результатов оценки уровня урбанизации, социально-экономического анализа крупных региональных центров азиатской части России и индекса человеческого развития. В рамках исследования выявлены основные факторы трансформации современного пространственного развития в регионе. Russian urbanization, in its content and regional development, is an extremely relevant subject of scientific analysis. Currently, the prospects of formation and development of large urban agglomerations in Asian Russia are of great interest, for which cause the problems arise due to the settlement system, which in its spatial aspect is very heterogeneous. The administrative-territorial division of Asiatic Russia includes subjects of three federal districts: Ural, Siberian and Far Eastern. The regions differ between themselves in the degree of development and the level of socio-economic development and urbanization. The main areas of population concentration are large cities, the leading transport hubs of the Trans-Siberian Railway. At the same time, most of the territories in the Asian part of the country are sparsely populated. As a rule, these are peripheral areas, extremely distant from the main transport axis, fully or partially lost their specialization and which today do not have sustainable socio-economic prospects for development and are intensively losing their population. The low level of urbanization of the eastern regions threatens the national security of the country. In this regard, the analysis of urbanization processes in the Asian part of Russia deserves special significance in order to identify modern features of transformation of spatial development. To understand the macro-regional situation, the authors were founded on the generalization of the estimation results of the level of urbanization, and socio-economic analysis of major regional centers of the Asian part of Russia and the human development index. The study identified the main factors in the transformation of modern spatial development in the region.

scholarly journals RETAIL BUSINESS MODELS: ADAPTATION TO NEW CHALLENGES

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (5) ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Iryna GANECHKO ◽  
Oksana TRUBEI
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Retail Business ◽  
Crisis Conditions

Background. The retail sector in Ukraine is in crisis due to COVID-19. New risks and challenges have emerged that have put at risk the functioning of the trading industry. Therefore, there is a need to find ways to adapt and transform business models in retail to new, crisis conditions. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Peculiarities of trade business functio­ning in conditions of uncertainty, risks, and crises are actively studied by many scientists and practitioners. However, the issue of changing retail business models in the face of instability, which would allow companies to adapt to today’s challenges, remains insufficiently studied. The aim of the article is to study the process of transformation and adaptation of business models in retail to new economic realities, challenges, and threats associated with the situation around COVID-19. Materials and methods. The information base of this study was scientific work on the adaptation of business to modern conditions of instability and rapid change. The research methodology is based on a system of general scientific and special methods, in particular: analy­sis and synthesis; systematic and integrated approach. Results. The peculiarities of the instability of the modern world according to the VUCA concept, in particular its manifestations related to the COVID-19 pandemic, have been studied. The main threats to business development in the field of retail trade in the current crisis situation have been identified. Changes in business models in retail are proposed, which will help in adapting to difficult economic conditions and maintaining the competitiveness of retail enterprises in the consumer goods market. Conclusion. The necessity of transformational changes of business models in retail in order to adapt them to crisis conditions and ensure the survival of retail enterprises in today’s unstable world is proved.

scholarly journals Diversity of cities as a factor of Russia’s successful spatial development

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Lappo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Policy ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
State Examination

The diversity of cities, their systems and networks has greatly contributed to solving the problems of urban development and enhancing their role in the spatial development of the country. The article aims to show the need for diversity of cities, especially important for Russia due to its inherent differentiation, as the needs of cities of a certain type and category and the conditions of their formation and functioning. This makes the achievement of urban diversity one of the key goals of the state urban policy, ensuring the improvement of the territorial organization of Russia and its parts and improving the efficiency of its economy. The work is based on statistical data characterizing the dynamics of cities and their distribution over the territory; published works on geographical urban studies and socioeconomic development of Russia and its regions; on author’s experience in research of the cities and agglomerations, participation in the state examination of national economic projects, master plans of the large cities, territorial planning at country and regional levels. Historical, cartographic, statistical, comparative-geographical, typological, conceptual design methods are used. Multi-aspect consideration of the theme allowed to draw conclusions useful for successful state urban policy.

scholarly journals Auditor’s verification of a management report: implementation of European experience in Ukrainian banks in crisis conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Inna Makarenko ◽  
Serhiy Makarenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
European Experience ◽  
Banking Institutions ◽  
European Banks ◽  
The Common ◽  
Crisis Conditions ◽  
Management Report

The research is devoted to the analysis of the European and Ukrainian experience of banks’ management report audit assurance, the disclosure of the national features of such assurance using the case study of 75 state-owned banks, banks with private and foreign capital in Ukraine, and the specific features of audit verification of this report in the current crisis conditions. It was discovered that the requirements of national regulatory documents and guidelines for preparing a management report for banking institutions generally comply with the European approaches, particularly with Directive 2014/95/EU, Directive 2013/34/EU, and Directive 2014/56/EU (Legislation of EU, 2013, 2014). However, specific national requirements for the content of the report and the procedure for its audit are duplicated, intersect, and create inaccuracies in the disclosure of non-financial information by banks. Besides, the requirements for the reflection of the information on the management report in the independent auditors’ report of the studied banks of Ukraine are partially met. The common challenges for accounting and audit support for the management report for Ukrainian and European banks are disclosed in terms of the current crisis caused by global health risks and their economic consequences for banks.

scholarly journals Touristic SME’s Competitiveness in the Light of Present Challenges—A Qualitative Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9191
Author(s):  
Daniel Adrian Gârdan ◽  
Ionel Dumitru ◽  
Iuliana Petronela Gârdan ◽  
Carmen Adina Paștiu
Keyword(s):  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Organic Growth ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Medium Enterprise ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Online Management ◽  
Crisis Conditions ◽  
Technical Solutions

Competitiveness of SMEs (Small or Medium Enterprise) within the tourism field has been of a great interest for many scholars over time. Due to the crisis conditions specific to the present time, the issue of competitiveness becomes a very sensitive one, giving rise to sometimes contradictory points of view. Our research aims to analyze the opinions and perceptions of SME managers in the field of tourism in terms of the concept of competitiveness, how to measure it and sources of competitiveness still viable within the context of the current crisis or specific to it, etc. In order to be able to properly analyze the above, qualitative research was initiated and conducted in the form of an in-depth interview with 42 Romanian SME managers in the tourism field. The results of the study reflect a mature approach of managers in terms of possible new sources of competitiveness—the emphasis on technical solutions capable of managing the socio-medical dimensions of tourism consumer behavior, a prevalence for an organic growth strategy and for additional investments in qualified personnel, as well as online management of most aspects related to services and openness to collaboration within tourism clusters.

From Streets and Squares to Radical Political Emancipation? Resistance Lessons from Athens during the Crisis

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costis Hadjimichalis
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Temporary Workers ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
Spatial Inequalities ◽  
Political Emancipation ◽  
Global Movements ◽  
In The Beginning

The current crisis with imposed austerity measures hit Greece in 2009. People in large cities such as Athens were the first victims. Resistance took various forms including mobilizations and fights in the streets and squares of Athens. Although to some extent spontaneous in the beginning, these mobilizations were not without political preparation (at least for some participants) and this partially explains both their intensity and stability and the violent police reaction. Resistance and anti-austerity mobilizations were outcomes of non-politicized people coming together with various more organized political forces, such as unions, non-unionized temporary workers, anti-racist and anti-global movements, members of the European Social Forum-Greek section, small leftist and anarchist groups, plus larger political parties of the left such as SYRIZA, which succeeded in forming a wider radical alliance. In this alliance the role of radical social movements, including urban movements, has been decisive. During the past 10 to 15 years dozens of urban grass-roots movements emerged in the Athens metropolitan region. Partly as a response to projects related to the 2004 Olympic Games, and partly in response to chronic socio-spatial inequalities and injustices in various neighborhoods, these movements were radical in nature, multi-class in social base and quite militant in terms of tactics. And since 2009, the crisis acted as catalyst, and radical social movements made the crucial link between sectoral/local struggles and those arising from wider socio-spatial contradictions and injustices aiming at political change. The paper critically evaluates these events, putting them in theoretical and comparative perspective, trying to understand the limits and the lessons-so-far from such an experience and asks whether they point to a wider radical political emancipation.

scholarly journals A geospatial enquiry into the nature of contemporary urbanisation in a medium-sized city of Mangaluru, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanaraj K ◽  
Dasharatha P Angadi
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Spatial Expansion ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Urban Transition ◽  
Basic Understanding ◽  
The Future

Abstract The future of urban growth in India and the developing world is predicted to occur in small and medium-sized cities. Subtleties of such urbanisation need to be studied considering its implications for the future of urbanisation. The contemporary urbanisation is characterised by rural-urban transition and emerging small cities. An unprecedented increase in Census Towns (CTs) in India during the last decade has substantiated this fact. The growths of CTs and the medium-sized cities of India must be seen together. There is a dearth of studies that associates these two phenomena. Since the basic understanding of CTs and their dynamics is only based on studies of large cities, the current study attempts to bridge the gap in the literature through a case study of Mangaluru city. The study is conducted through a diversified method of remote sensing, GIS, statistical and spatial analysis. The results show up evidence of spatial expansion and rural-urban transition as emergent urbanisation at force in the region. The spatial proximity of CTs also adds to the spatiality of urban agglomeration in the region. This different form of locally driven urbanism of the contemporary period requires a different framework of participatory and technology-enabled smart planning for a sustainable future.

scholarly journals A Review on Coastal Urban Ecology: Research Gaps, Challenges, and Needs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgia Graells ◽  
Nao Nakamura ◽  
Juan L. Celis-Diez ◽  
Nelson A. Lagos ◽  
Pablo A. Marquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Ecology ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The City

Coastal urban areas have dramatically increased during the last decades, however, coastal research integrating the impacts and challenges facing urban areas is still scarce. To examine research advances and critical gaps, a review of the literature on coastal urban ecology was performed. Articles were selected following a structured decision tree and data were classified into study disciplines, approaches, type of analysis, main research objectives, and Pickett's paradigms in-, of-, and for- the city, among other categories. From a total of 237 publications, results show that most of the research comes from the USA, China, and Australia, and has been carried out mostly in large cities with populations between 1 and 5 million people. Focus has been placed on ecological studies, spatial and quantitative analysis and pollution in coastal urban areas. Most of the studies on urban ecology in coastal zones were developed at nearshore terrestrial environments and only 22.36% included the marine ecosystem. Urban ecological studies in coastal areas have mainly been carried out under the paradigm in the city with a focus on the disciplines of biology and ecology. Results suggest a series of disciplinary, geographical, and approach biases which can present a number of risks. Foremost among these is a lack of knowledge on social dimensions which can impact on sustainability. A key risk relates to the fact that lessons and recommendations of research are mainly from developed countries and large cities which might have different institutional, planning and cultural settings compared to developing and mid-income countries. Scientific research on coastal urban areas needs to diversify toward an ecology of and for the cities, in order to support coastal development in a diversity of countries and settings.

scholarly journals Transformation of system of values in the context of global problems: theoretical sociological analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Aksiniya Rus-Poltavska
Keyword(s):  
Modern Technology ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Value System ◽  
Development Zone ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
Crisis Conditions

The article identifies the significant impact of global issues on the transformation of the system of values and describes the features of social being in the conditions of the modern crisis. The problem of destroying the value system as an obstacle to achieving personal interests in conditions of hard survival during a crisis has been studied. The social risks of transforming the value system in crisis conditions are indicated. This article also analyzes the reasons for the lack of constructive proposals for finding a better way out of the global crisis. Attention is focused on the low level of thinking of modern man. This is the reason that modern people can not understand complex modern problems and successfully solve them. Anxiety about this was expressed by the entire world community at «The World Conference on Sustainable Development» (Rio de Janeiro, 1992, 2017 and 2012.), where it was said about the need to introduce a new paradigm of thinking. The task was solved by our compatriot – academician, professor, systemologist Malyuta Alexander Nikolaevich. To successfully solve any problems of any nature and complexity, the scientist offers a new modern technology – the fundamental system methodology «Invariant modeling», based on the theory of hyper complex dynamic systems (HDS).The concept of third-generation system methods asserts that there are only three possible solutions in the crisis development zone. And only one of these options provides a harmonious way out of the global crisis.This article examines global problems that, in the current crisis, must be addressed first. We did not succeed in finding research that describes the system of values as a technology to activity. Therefore, in spite of the huge number of works on value issues, the lack of constructive proposals and effective ways to address the consequences of the transformation of the value system in a globalizing environment require further study and new developments. The article suggests an optimal way out of the crisis zone and further steps to develop a harmonious life-supporting society to revive the systems of moral norms and values that will contribute to constructive, purposeful and effective human activity.

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