scholarly journals Spatial analysis of the urbanization development in the regions of Asiatic Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Н.Р. ЗАНГЕЕВА ◽  
В.С. БАТОМУНКУЕВ ◽  
В.Г. АЮШЕЕВА
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Development ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Population Concentration ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Spatial Aspect ◽  
Urbanization Development ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Territorial Division

Российская урбанизация по своему содержанию и региональному развитию является крайне актуальным предметом научного анализа. В настоящее время большой интерес вызывают перспективы формирования и развития крупных городских агломераций в Азиатской России, в связи с чем возникают проблемы, обусловленные системой расселения, которая в своем пространственном аспекте является весьма неоднородной. В административно-территориальном делении Азиатская Россия включает в себя субъекты трех федеральных округов – Уральского, Сибирского и Дальневосточного. Регионы между собой отличаются по степени освоенности, по уровню социально-экономического развития и урбанизации. Основной зоной концентрации населения являются крупные города, ведущие транспортные узлы Транссибирской железнодорожной магистрали. При этом большая часть территорий азиатской части страны характеризуется слабой заселенностью. Это, как правило, периферийные районы, крайне отдаленные от основной транспортной оси, полностью или частично утратившие свою специализацию, которые на сегодняшний день не имеют устойчивых социально-экономических перспектив развития и интенсивно теряют свое население. Низкий уровень урбанизированности восточных регионов ставит под угрозу национальную безопасность страны. В связи с чем особого внимания заслуживает анализ процессов урбанизации азиатской части России с целью выявления современных особенностей трансформации пространственного развития. Для понимания макрорегиональной ситуации авторы основывались на обобщении результатов оценки уровня урбанизации, социально-экономического анализа крупных региональных центров азиатской части России и индекса человеческого развития. В рамках исследования выявлены основные факторы трансформации современного пространственного развития в регионе. Russian urbanization, in its content and regional development, is an extremely relevant subject of scientific analysis. Currently, the prospects of formation and development of large urban agglomerations in Asian Russia are of great interest, for which cause the problems arise due to the settlement system, which in its spatial aspect is very heterogeneous. The administrative-territorial division of Asiatic Russia includes subjects of three federal districts: Ural, Siberian and Far Eastern. The regions differ between themselves in the degree of development and the level of socio-economic development and urbanization. The main areas of population concentration are large cities, the leading transport hubs of the Trans-Siberian Railway. At the same time, most of the territories in the Asian part of the country are sparsely populated. As a rule, these are peripheral areas, extremely distant from the main transport axis, fully or partially lost their specialization and which today do not have sustainable socio-economic prospects for development and are intensively losing their population. The low level of urbanization of the eastern regions threatens the national security of the country. In this regard, the analysis of urbanization processes in the Asian part of Russia deserves special significance in order to identify modern features of transformation of spatial development. To understand the macro-regional situation, the authors were founded on the generalization of the estimation results of the level of urbanization, and socio-economic analysis of major regional centers of the Asian part of Russia and the human development index. The study identified the main factors in the transformation of modern spatial development in the region.

scholarly journals Urban ecology concept of spatial development in Russia: implementation perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
A. G. Vaytens ◽  
◽  
M. V. Shubenkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Ecology ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Spatial Expansion ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Consumption Growth ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Population Concentration ◽  
Crisis Conditions

The article considers several relevant questions: will the period of population concentration in large cities and metropolises, which are the main resource - energy consumers and sources of environmental degradation, eventually come to end? What should the new cities be like and what should be done with the old ones which were built on the basis of the consumption growth ideology and unregulated spatial expansion? Is there any way for existing cities to evolve into new forms? The urban ecology concept is presented in regard to Russia, and its implementation perspectives under the current crisis conditions are discussed.

THE SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS (ON EXAMPLE OF WESTERN AND EASTERN SIBERIA REGIONS)

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-23
Author(s):  
Igor A. Seleznev ◽  
◽  
Nikolay Yu. Mikryukov ◽  
Timur R. Miriazov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Alternative Scenarios ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Far Eastern

The article presents the results of a sociological study of the problems of regional spatial development of the regions of the Siberian Federal district (SFD). There are the materials of the survey of residents of four regions of the SFD are analyzed, the socio-demographic and socio-economic situation in Western and Eastern Siberia is compared, and the opinions and assessments of the population of the main socio-economic indicators of regional development are considered; General and special in the social self-feeling, demographic and migration situation, lifestyle of the population of Western and Eastern Siberia. The research was carried out under the project “Modeling scenarios of spatial development of Siberia and the Russian Far East until 2030: features of the settlement system”, which won the RFBR competition. The main goal is to assess the current state of the resettlement system, develop strategic prospects and model alternative scenarios for the spatial development of the regions of the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts. Based on the author's development of an empirical research model, a survey of respondents living in four Siberian regions was conducted in August 2019. The results of the survey allowed us to identify differences in migration preferences, a number of features of the economic potential and quality of infrastructure and social sphere.

Comparative analysis of maternal mortality in the Far Eastern and Siberian Federal Districts

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
T.E. Belokrinitskaya ◽  
◽  
N.V. Artymuk ◽  
O.S. Filippov ◽  
E.M. Shifman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Siberian Federal District ◽  
Obstetric Hemorrhage ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Systematic Development ◽  
Far Eastern

Objective. To perform comparative analysis of parameters and structure of maternal mortality (MM) in the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) and Siberian Federal District (SFD) in 2014–2019. Materials and methods. The database for analysis was generated using map-based emergency notifications of maternal deaths (69 in FEFD and 180 in SFD). We used methods of descriptive statistics, Pearson's χ2-test, and calculated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results. Between 2014 and 2018, the dynamics of MM in the FEFD and SFD had a one-way trend: it decreased in 2014–2017, but dramatically increased in 2018 primarily due to social factors. In 2019, we observed a significant growth of MM in the FEFD, while the SFD demonstrated a reduction of MM. The most common cause of maternal death in both districts was extragenital diseases. However, there were some differences in the structure of obstetric causes: in FEFD, preeclampsia and obstetric hemorrhage were the most frequent obstetric causes of death, while in SFD, women primarily developed embolism and placental abruption. Conclusion. The dynamics and structure of MM in the FEFD and SFD require management decisions aimed at improving medical care with the consideration of clinical guidelines, organization of continuous audit, systematic development of practical teamwork skills both in simulation training centers and healthcare institutions. Key words: Far Eastern Federal District, maternal mortality, Siberian Federal District

far east

2021 ◽  
pp. 103-103
Author(s):  
Elena Grigoryeva ◽  
Konstantin Lidin
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Promised Land ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Eastern Cultures ◽  
Hebrew Culture ◽  
Far Eastern

A little more than one and a half centuries ago, far eastern provinces became a part of Russia. A short but rich biography of this area remains poorly studied both by historians and theorists of architecture and urbanism. The capital of the Jewish autonomous region, Birobidzhan is a unique example of how to create a “promised land” for the Yiddish culture. As this culture vanishes, being replaced by the Hebrew culture around the world, Birobidzhan becomes more and more significant for the history of architecture. The article by A. Ivanova and A. Kovalevsky opens up the topic of vanishing cultural tradition of the Jewish people of the “late stage of the displacement period”.Such large cities of the region as Khabarovsk, Blagoveshchensk, Ussuriysk, Vladivostok are the topic for the articles based on field studies by M. Bazilevich and N. Kradin. Architecture of these Far Eastern cities reflects their wonderful history, a mixture of processes of industrialization of the area, mass migration and intersection of Western and Eastern cultures.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Operation of Gibrat’s Law in Cities of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-66
Author(s):  
Inna Manaeva
Keyword(s):  
Federal District ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Siberian Federal District ◽  
Gibrat’S Law ◽  
The North ◽  
Gibrat's Law ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The City ◽  
Average Annual Number

Foreign researchers are testing Gibrat’s law on the example of firms, regions and countries. The importance of empirical confirmation of this law lies in the fact that it allows us to determine whether the population of a city, region or country as a whole has a common growth path and whether there is single size dependence between them. The relevance of this study is determined by the need to expand the indicators to assess the growth of cities using Gibrat’s law in modern Russian conditions. The purpose of the article is to analyze the feasibility of Gibrat’s law in Russian cities by indicators: population of the city, population density in the city, average annual number of employees in enterprises in the city, average monthly wage in the city, number of enterprises and organizations in the city, as well as to determine the appropriateness of using this law for urban systems of Russia. In the Ural, Siberian and Far Eastern federal districts (2009–2016), in the North-Western, Volga, Siberian and Far Eastern federal districts (2016–2018), the growth rate of cities does not depend on their initial size. Gibrat’s law was confirmed for the following indicators: population density in a city in 2009–2016 in the Siberian Federal District, in 2016–2018 in all federal districts, except for the North Caucasian Federal District; average annual number of employees in a city in the Southern (2003–2009, 2009–2016), Ural (2009–2016), Siberian (2009–2016), Northwestern (2016–2018), North Caucasian (2016–2018) and Far Eastern (2016–2018) federal districts; average monthly salary in the cities of the Siberian Federal District (2009–2016), in the Central, Northwestern and Ural Federal Districts (2016–2018); number of enterprises and organizations in the city in the Southern Federal District (2009–2016), in the North Caucasian, Volga, Ural and Siberian federal districts (2016–2018).

scholarly journals Parameters for evaluating the main indicators of coloproctological care in the adult population in the subjects of the far Eastern Federal District in 2016–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-250
Author(s):  
A. V. Veselov ◽  
V. V. Omelyanosvkiy ◽  
Yu. A. Shelygin ◽  
A. V. Vitko ◽  
V. N. Kashnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Threshold Parameter ◽  
Outpatient Consultation ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Staff Number ◽  
Objective Tool ◽  
Total Average

Aim. To work out the unified model for description of coloproctological service at the level of federal district.Material and methods. The study is the summary analysis of data from the annual statistical observation “The Report of the Chief Coloproctologist of the Russian Federal District” in 2016–2018. The analysis included the following stages: the estimation of staff situation; the assessment of the main parameters of out- and inpatient coloproctological care in 2018 in the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) and in its federal subjects.Results. Staff number of doctors in federal subjects of the FEFD did not change significantly in 2016-2018, it was 0.7 per 100 thousand population. An extremely low availability of outpatient consultation of coloproctologist in all federal subjects of FEFD was found (550.2 per 100 thousand population vs 3000 per 100 thousand population in Russian Federation). The incidence of colonoscopy is the lowest among all Federal Districts of Russia as well – 5.5%. A mean number of endoscopists is above 7.0 per 100 thousand population, which can be considered as the minimal threshold parameter. The total average staffing of endoscopists in the far Eastern Federal district was 86.0% in 2016, 87.3% – in 2017, 85.8% – in 2018. The staffing situation improved in Khabarovsk Territory and in Sakhalin Region while other federal subjects showed negative trend.Conclusion. The analyzed parameters can be considered as an objective tool for the assessment of coloproctological care efficacy. In the FEFD it needs further development.

scholarly journals Diversity of cities as a factor of Russia’s successful spatial development

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Lappo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Policy ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
State Examination

The diversity of cities, their systems and networks has greatly contributed to solving the problems of urban development and enhancing their role in the spatial development of the country. The article aims to show the need for diversity of cities, especially important for Russia due to its inherent differentiation, as the needs of cities of a certain type and category and the conditions of their formation and functioning. This makes the achievement of urban diversity one of the key goals of the state urban policy, ensuring the improvement of the territorial organization of Russia and its parts and improving the efficiency of its economy. The work is based on statistical data characterizing the dynamics of cities and their distribution over the territory; published works on geographical urban studies and socioeconomic development of Russia and its regions; on author’s experience in research of the cities and agglomerations, participation in the state examination of national economic projects, master plans of the large cities, territorial planning at country and regional levels. Historical, cartographic, statistical, comparative-geographical, typological, conceptual design methods are used. Multi-aspect consideration of the theme allowed to draw conclusions useful for successful state urban policy.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF SURGERIES DUE TO PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN SIBERIAN AND FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.G. Grischenko ◽  
◽  
D.V. Krasnov ◽  
T.V. Alekseeva ◽  
K.A. Avdienko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Far Eastern

scholarly journals METHODS OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL STATISTIC PROCESSING OF DATA APPLIED TO FIND REGULARITIES IN THE COURSE OF TUBERCULOSIS IN SIBERIAN AND FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
I. O. Meshkov ◽  
O. V. Revyakina ◽  
V. A. Krasnov ◽  
Ya. Sh. Shvarts ◽  
T. I. Petrenko
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Distance Matrix ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Tuberculosis Control ◽  
Principal Coordinates Analysis ◽  
Principal Coordinates ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Far Eastern

The article presents results of multi-dimensional analysis of 83 rates, calculated on the basis of federal and sectoral reports on tuberculosis in 21 regions of Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts, which were collected from 2006 to 2016. For statistic processing of data, a distance matrix was used with its consecutive analysis by principal coordinates analysis, which allowed detecting the closest correlations between rates. It has been proved that main factors of successful tuberculosis control are the following: improvement of the organizational quality of treatment and diagnostics, provision with qualified medical personnel, early detection through expansion of coverage of population with fluorography screening. The principal coordinates method also allowed performing a multilateral evaluation of epidemic situation in all regions and defining the ones with the most favorable tuberculosis situation.

scholarly journals Ecological Restrictions of Spatial Development in Practice of Russian Regions

2019 ◽  
pp. 32-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Zhalsaraeva ◽  
A. V. Shangina ◽  
M. A. Dugarzhapova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Economic Balance

The article describes conditions of spatial development of Russian regions in view of ‘The Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation up to 2025’ adopted in February 2019. Today the social and economic development of regions has technogeneous character. The anthropogenic impact on nature and climate is increasing, the quality of mineral resources is deteriorating. In this connection ecologic-economic balance becomes an important component of spatial development. The authors provide systematization of factors determining the spatial economic development at the level of regions, including ecological restrictions. During the research they used general academic methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis, scientific abstraction, synthesis and comparison. The current ecologic-economic restrictions for regions with unique natural systems and objects were identified and studied. Focus was made on particularly protected natural territories, which form the basis of ecological framework of regions. Principle groups of factors of spatial development were identified and ecologic-economic restrictions of regional development were described by using two big federal districts – the Republic of Buryatia and the Altay Territory. The authors put forward the lines of spatial development of regional economies with regard to ecological restrictions.  

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