scholarly journals Distillers feeds from various grains as protein sources for pigs

1985 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-262
Author(s):  
Matti Näsi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Cellulase Treatment ◽  
By Products

The nutrient digestibility and protein utilization of distillery feeds derived from dehulled barley, rye and wheat were studied with growing pigs receiving one of eleven diets in which the protein sources were BDDGS, RDDGS, WDDGS, BDDG, BDS or SBM. In a second trial BDDGS and BDDG were compared with the same feeds treated prior to cooking with cellulase enzyme. The diets, consisting of barley and distillers feed, were fortified with L-lysine and DL-methionine to achieve levels of 13.0 % DCP, 0.80 % lysine and 0.56 % S amino acids. The distillery by-products contained crude protein 24.8—41.5 %, crude fat 6.3—9.5 %, crude fibre 7.1 10.3 %, ADF 18.2—22.9%, NDF 33.3—43.7 % and ADL 8.7—11.3 % on a dry basis. Their lysine content was 0.43—1.36 % of DM and their S amino acid content 0.58—1.36 %. The digestibilities of organic matter and crude protein were 56—83 and 56—79 %. DDGS from rye had low digestibilities and barley distillers solubles high. The cellulase treatment decreased the OM and CP digestibilities by 6.4—10.4 and 15.3—15.4 % units, respectively. FU/kg DM varied from 0.63 to 0.84 and DCP from 177 to 405 g/FU. The N retention of the BDDGS, RDDGS, WDDGS, BDDG, BDS and SBM diets was, respectively, 21.7, 21.1, 24.2, 23.0, 17.7 and 24.6 g/d (P < 0.01) and the biological values were 55, 60, 59, 56, 55 and 66. The daily gains varied from 700 to 762 g. The data indicated that distillery by-products could replace soybean meal quite satisfactorily as a protein source in amino acid-fortified diets.

Chemical Composition and Nutritive Value of Protein of the Pea Seeds - Effect of Harvesting Year and Variety

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kotlarz ◽  
Agnieszka Sujak ◽  
Wacław Strobel ◽  
Wilhelm Grzesiak
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Fiber Fractions ◽  
Pea Seeds

Chemical Composition and Nutritive Value of Protein of the Pea Seeds - Effect of Harvesting Year and VarietyWe tested nutritional usability of pea seeds (Pisum sativumL.) at full maturity. Four white-flowering and 5 colour-flowering new Polish cultivars were compared. We determined proximate composition of ground seeds collected over 4 years period as well as amino acids, minerals (Ca, P, Na, K), tannins and fiber fractions (NDF, ADF, ADL). The seeds contained between 224 and 260 g·kg-1of crude protein which was rich in Lys (6.8±0.8 g) but poor in Met+Cys (2.0±0.2 g·16 g-1N). The amount of tannins (as tannic acid equivalent) in white-flowering cvs was 4.3±0.9 g and in colour-flowering - 7.4±2.2 g. The calculated protein nutritional values were compared against amino acid standards of human and animal nutrition and the whole egg protein. Effects of the cropping year and variety variance in respect of chemical composition of seeds were examined. Crude protein, crude oil, N-free extractives, tannins, K, amino acid content: Leu, Phe+Tyr and Ala content were influenced significantly by the cultivar, while the cropping year had a significant influence on dry matter, crude ash, crude protein, crude fibre, crude oil, N-free extractives ADF and ADL fiber fractions, content of P, Na and K, most of the amino acid levels and on nutritional values of the protein measured by means of CS and EAAI indices.

scholarly journals Utilization of Bovine Blood-Rumen Digesta Mixture as Replacement for Soybean Meal and Groundnut Cake Feedstuff in Growing Pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
S. O. Odukoya ◽  
A. A. Saka ◽  
O. Y. Adedeji ◽  
A. O. Akingbade ◽  
T. I. Ijadunola
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Bovine Blood ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Mixture of bovine blood and rumen digesta (BBRDM) was evaluated for 56 days as a replacement for soybean meal (SBM) and groundnut cake (GNC) at 100% on protein to protein basis in the diets of growing pigs to assess the nutritive value of BBRDM on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and cost benefits. Hence, a total of 18 growing pigs were allotted on weight equalization basis into three dietary treatments consisting of six pigs per treatment in a completely randomized design. Three diets were formulated such that T : served as the control diet without BBRDM but contained both soybean meal and 1 groundnut cake. T : BBRDM replaced soybean meal and T : BBRDM replaced groundnut 2 3 cake. Result indicated that BBRDM contained 28.65% crude protein, 13.17% ether extract, 5.26% crude fibre, 11.29% ash and 31.65% nitrogen free extract. Dietary treatments did not significantly (P>0.05) influenced the growth parameters observed in this study. Although there were no significant (P>0.05) difference on the nutrient digestibility parameters investigated but birds in T recorded highest numerical values for crude protein (77.23), 3 crude fibre (62.46%), ether extract (92.33%), nitrogen free extract (89.61%), ash (70.28%) and nutrient dry matter (91.67%) while the least values were obtained from birds in T . Cost 1 of feed decreased with the inclusion of BBRDM while the cost per weight gain also improved with the replacement of the conventional feed ingredients. The result also showed that an appreciable amount of money was saved when BBRDM was included in the ration of growing pigs. It is therefore concluded that BBRDM could be used as an animal protein source to compliment plant protein source such as soybean meal and groundnut cake in the diet of growing pigs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of barley distillers dried grains with soluble, and condensed distillers solubles in the diet of growing pigs

1984 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226
Author(s):  
Matti Näsi
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
By Products

Two digestibility and nitrogen balance trials were conducted to evaluate the feed value of barley-derived distillers dried grains with solubles (BDDGS) and semisolid distillers solubles from barley and wheat (BDS and WDS) in rations for growing pigs. The average crude protein, lysine, crude fibre and neutral detergent fibre contents of BDDGS, BDS and WDS were, respectively: 30.6, 20.6, 30.7 %; 1.7, 1.7, 2.6 g/16 g N; 16.1, 2.0, 3.1 %; 69.4, 2.3, 7,1 %. Available lysine was greatly reduced in all samples. The distillery by-products composed 33 % of diet DM in the barley based rations. The control diet was a mixture of barley and skim milk powder. The organic matter and crude protein digestibilities of BDDGS, BDS and WDS were 40.5, 80.4, 85.0 % and 52.4, 46.9, 77.5 %, respectively. Their FU values and DCP values were 0.50, 0.94, 0.94/kg DM and 319, 102,253 g/FU. on the WDS diet, nitrogen retention, as g/d, was similar to that on the control diet, but on the diets with barley distillery products it was reduced due to the lower amount of protein absorbed, especially the lower lysine intake. Barley distillers by-products proved to have low feed values for pigs in this study, but the value for WDS was quite reasonable. The new integrated starch ethanol process can be expected to yield more suitable fractions for use in pig rations.

scholarly journals Distillers dried by-products from barley as protein source for ruminants

1984 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-219
Author(s):  
Matti Näsi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
Limited Protein ◽  
By Products ◽  
In Sacco

The nutritive value of barley-derived distillers dried grains (BDDG) and distillers dried grains with solubles (BDDGS) was assessed in digestibility and in sacco rumen degradability experiments. The crude protein contents of BDDG and BDDGS were 26.4 % and 29.9 %, and the crude fibre contents 19.9 % and 17.4 % in DM, respectively. The ADF and NDF contents averaged 33 % and 67 % and the lignin 7.6 % of DM. The digestibilities of the nutrients were measured with four rams in both trials and the distillers by-products were given at two levels, 33 % and 66 %, in hay-based rations. The digestibilities in BDDG and BDDGS were, respectively, 43.1 % and 47.7 % for organic matter, 64.5 % and 66.5 % for crude protein, and 86.7 % and 87.9 % for ether extract. Due to the low digestibilities, the energy values of the two products were low, 0.58 FU/kg DM and 8.0 MJ/kg for both, and DCP/FU 295g for BDDG and 347 g for BDDGS. The rumen degradability of the crude protein of BDDG and BDDGS was found to be low and significantly lower than the degradability of wheat distillery by-products (P < 0.05). Fine grinding gave more rapid degradability. Due to the low total digestibility and reduced lysine content, BDDG and BDDGS may have limited protein availability when given as supplements.

scholarly journals Growth response and nutrient digestibility of growing pigs to qualitative and quantitative feed restriction

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-131
Author(s):  
C. P. Njoku ◽  
O. A. Adeyemi ◽  
L. T. Egbeyale ◽  
B. J. Sanya ◽  
R. O. Situ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

Feed restriction is a relevant management tool use in modificationof livestock growth patterns by reducing their maintenance requirement, leading to improved feed efficiency and utilization. This study assessed the effect of qualitative and quantitative feed restriction on growth parameters and nutrients digestibility of growing pigs. Fifty four (54) mixed breed pigs with initial body weight of 6.72±0.38 kg were arranged in a 3x3 factorial arrangement for a 150-day study: Factor A consists of 3 levels of qualitative feed restriction (20%, 18% and 16% crude protein) and Factor B consists of 3 levels of quantitative feed restriction (adlibitum, 90% and 80% of ad-libitum feed offered). The experimental animals were grouped on weight equalization into 9 treatment groups of 3 replicates of 2 pigs per replicate. Growth performance data were collected on weekly basis and nutrient digestibility was carried out on the 11th week of the experiment. Data obtained were subjected to two-way analysis of variance. Final body weight, daily weight gain and daily feed intake were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by increment in dietary crude protein.The pigs fed 20% crude protein recorded the best FCR of 1.36. Quantitative feed restriction had no influence on the growth parameters studied. Feed quality and quantity offered had significant (P<0.05) influence on excreted faeces, faecal dry matter output, excreted faeces/dry matter intake, dry matter digestibility, crude protein digestibility, ether extract, crude fibre digestibility and ash. Similar (P>0.05) mean values of excreted faeces, faecal dry matter output, excreted faeces/ dry matter intake, crude protein digestibility, crude fibre digestibility, ash and ether extract were recorded for pigs fed 18% and 16% of crude protein respectively. It can be concluded from this study that a combination of qualitative and quantitative restriction (at 18% crude protein with 80% of ad libitum feed offered)can be used as management tool to improve feed utilization in growing pigs.

Amino acid content and digestibile energy value of sprouted, rust-affected and sound wheat in pig diets

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Taverner ◽  
CJ Rayner ◽  
RS Biden
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Wheat Proteins ◽  
Digestible Energy

Sound wheat (FAQ) and wheat damaged by weather (light weight sprouted) and by rust infection (No. 2 and No. 3 off-grade) were analysed for proximate composition and amino acid content. The digestibilities and digestible energy contents of the wheats were determined in studies with eight pigs over four collection periods in two 4 x 4 Latin square designs. Test weights, crude protein contents, glutamic acid contents, digestibilities of dry matter, nitrogen and energy of the damaged wheats were less than those of the sound wheat, but the lysine content of damaged wheat proteins was greater than that in the protein of sound wheat. The digestible energy contents of sound, sprouted and moderately and severely rust-affected wheats were 3982, 3863, 3771 and 3633 kcal kg-1 dry matter, respectively.

Digestible energy, protein and amino acid content in selected short season corn cultivars fed to growing pigs

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. O. Opapeju ◽  
C. M. Nyachoti ◽  
J. D. House
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Livestock Feeds ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Digestible Crude Protein ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The digestible energy (DE), ileal digestible crude protein (CP) and amino acid (AA) contents in two corn cultivars commonly grown in Manitoba were determined using six ileal cannulated barrows (average initial BW of 21.5 ± 0.9 kg). Three samples of each cultivar, each obtained from two locations, were evaluated in six dietary treatments in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement. Diets contained 97% corn and 0.3% chromic oxide as an indigestible marker, and were assigned to pigs in a 6 × 6 Latin square design. Ileal digesta and fecal samples were collected for determining energy and nutrient digestibilities. Location affected (P ≤ 0.05) ileal digestible indispensable AA, except for lysine and threonine. Cultivar affected (P ≤ 0.05) ileal digestible CP and indispensable AA, except for lysine, phenylalanine and valine. There was an interaction effect (P < 0.05) of location and cultivar on ileal digestible indispensable AA, except for lysine and histidine. Digestible energy, CP and AA averaged 3662 kcal kg-1, 5.95% and 0.40%, respectively, in the dry matter. The content of digestible CP and AA in corn may vary with location and cultivar and this variation should be considered when formulating livestock feeds. Key words: Amino acids, corn, digestibility, energy, pig

scholarly journals Oilseed by-products as plant-based protein sources: Amino acid profile and digestibility

Future Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 100023
Author(s):  
Amanda Gomes Almeida Sá ◽  
Daniele Cristina da Silva ◽  
Maria Teresa Bertoldo Pacheco ◽  
Yara Maria Franco Moreno ◽  
Bruno Augusto Mattar Carciofi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
By Products

Effect of salinomycin and enzyme supplementation on nutrient digestibility and the performance of pigs fed barley- or rye-based diets

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Thacker ◽  
G. L. Campbell ◽  
J. W. D. GrootWassink
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Beta Glucanase ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

Two experiments of a factorial design (sex × treatment) were conducted to determine the effects of enzyme and salinomycin supplementation on the nutritive value of barley or rye-based diets for growing pigs fed from approximately 20 to 85 kg. For exp. 1, 72 crossbred pigs were fed either a barley-based control diet or a similar diet supplemented with enzyme (Aspergillus niger; 750 units g−1 beta-glucanase and 650 units g−1 pentosanase), salinomycin (25 ppm) or both additives in combination. For exp. 2, two replicates of 48 pigs were fed either a barley-based diet, an unsupplemented rye-based diet or a rye-based diet supplemented with enzyme, salinomycin or both additives. During both experiments, chromic oxide (0.5%) was added to the diet of four to six pigs/treatment to act as a digestibility indicator starting when the pigs reached 42 kg. Neither enzyme nor salinomycin, alone or in combination, significantly improved the growth rate or feed efficiency of pigs fed barley or rye. Supplementation of barley with the combination of additives significantly (P < 0.05) improved protein digestibility while neither enzyme nor salinomycin had any effect on nutrient digestibility when fed alone. In rye-based diets, salinomycin, both alone and in combination, significantly (P < 0.05) improved the digestibility of crude protein and energy. Dry matter digestibility of the rye-based diets was unaffected by treatment. Key words: Swine, rye, barley, beta-glucanase, pentosanase, salinomycin

scholarly journals Amino acid digestibility in plant protein sources fed to growing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1745-1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ah Reum Son ◽  
Chan Sol Park ◽  
Kyu Ree Park ◽  
Beob Gyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Plant Protein Sources
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