scholarly journals Milk protein polymorphism in Swiss dairy cattle

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 423-429
Author(s):  
Fawzy Taha ◽  
Zdenko Puhan
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Brown Cattle ◽  
Simmental Cattle ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

Individual cow milk samples from (a) 208 original Swiss Simmental (OSS), (b) 220 of their crosses (Simmental cattle = FV) with American Red Holstein (RH), (c) 215 original Swiss Brown (OSB) and (d) 390 of their crosses (Brown cattle = BV) with American Brown Swiss (BS) were genotyped for the variants of milk caseins (Cn) and β-Lactoglobulin (β-Lg). In addition, the association between κ-Cn genotypes and milk yield was studied. Reasonable differences in the allele frequencies were found between the breeds. Compared to pure-bred OSS, crossing with RH resulted in a decrease in the frequencies of αs1-Cn C, β-Cn B and κ-Cn B and in an increased frequency of β-Lg B. Within OSB, increased crossing with BS resulted in a decrease in the frequencies of αs1-Cn C and β-Cn B and in increased frequencies of κ-Cn B and β-Lg B. A significant association between the κ-Cn locus and milk yield could only be shown for the OSS breed.

Milk protein polymorphism in Danish dairy cattle and the influence of genetic variants on milk yield

1990 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Bech ◽  
K. Rotvig Kristiansen
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Jersey Cows ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin ◽  
Danish Dairy

SummaryIn milk samples from 549 cows of the breeds Danish Jersey, Red Danish Dairy Cattle (RDM), and Black and White Danish Dairy Cattle (SDM) the genetic polymorphisms of the αs1, β and K-cascin and β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) loci were determined by isoelectric focusing in agarose gels. The results of the screening were comparcd with results obtained by Larsen & Thymann (1966). In addition, the genetic linkage of the three casein loci was studied, and the association between milk protein genotypes and yields in first and second lactations of milk, fat and protein were investigated.The distribution of genotypes of all four milk protein Systems was different from breed to breed.For Jersey cows, significant differences in the gene frequencies from the results of the 1966 investigation were found for αs1 and K-casein and β-Lg. For SDM cows a change in the K-casein frequency had occurred whereas for RDM cows no changes were found.Linkage between some of the casein loci was found within ail three breeds. For the RDM breed the possible linkage between αs1-casein and the other caseins could not be tested bccause nearly ail thc cows were homozygous for the αs1-cascin-B genotypes.β-Casein genotypes were associated with yield parameters in ail breeds. The A2A2 genotype of this protein gave higher yields of milk, fat, and protein in the second lactation than thc A1A1 genotype.

Comparison of milk production, mastitis, lameness and days to conception of Brown Swiss, Holstein and Holstein cross Brown Swiss dairy cattle

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 86-86
Author(s):  
G Wellwood ◽  
J K Margerison
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Holstein Friesian

Mastitis is a complex disease causing inflammation of the udder, which has been estimated to cost the dairy farmer between £40-£117/cow per year (Stott et al., 2002). Economic loss occurs as a result of discarded milk, reduced milk yield and milk quality, increased vet costs and an increase in replacement costs. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of breed on the incidence of mastitis and somatic cell counts and milk production capabilities of Holstein Friesian, Brown Swiss and Brown Swiss crossbred cows.

Human Breast Milk Contains Bovine lgG. Relationship to Infant Colic?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-444
Author(s):  
Patrick S. Clyne ◽  
Anthony Kulczycki
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Infant Colic ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

Previous studies have suggested that an unidentified cow's milk protein, other than β-lactoglobulin and casein, might play a pathogenetic role in infant colic. Therefore, a radioimmunoassay was used to analyze human breast milk and infant formula samples for the presence of bovine IgG. Milk samples from 88 of the 97 mothers tested contained greater than 0.1 µg/mL of bovine IgG. In a study group of 59 mothers with infants in the colic-prone 2- to 17-week age group, the 29 mothers of colicky infants had higher levels of bovine IgG in their breast milk (median 0.42 µg/mL) than the 30 mothers of noncolicky infants (median 0.32 µg/mL) (P < .02). The highest concentrations of bovine IgG observed in human milk were 8.5 and 8.2 µg/mL. Most cow's milk-based infant formulas contained 0.6 to 6.4 µg/mL of bovine IgG, a concentration comparable with levels found in many human milk samples. The results suggest that appreciable quantities of bovine IgG are commonly present in human milk, that significantly higher levels are present in milk from mothers of colicky infants, and that bovine IgG may possibly be involved in the pathogenesis of infant colic.

The effect of feeding diets containing intact or partially detoxified lupin on voluntary intake and milk production by Friesian dairy cows

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Mukisira ◽  
L. E. Phillip ◽  
B. N. Mitaru
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Voluntary Food Intake

AbstractThe study determined the effects of partial removal of alkaloids (detoxification) in crushed lupin seed (CLS) on voluntary food intake, and yield and composition of milk from dairy cattle. Twenty multiparous Friesian dairy cows (first 90 days of lactation) were assigned, according to a randomized complete-block design, to five diets. The diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous (25·6 g N per kg of diet dry matter (DM)) and contained napier grass, lucerne hay, maize bran and urea. The control diet (CON) contained sunflower meal; two diets contained intact CLS at 150 (LUI-15) or 300 g (LUl-30) per kg diet DM. The other two diets contained detoxified CLS at 150 (LUD-15) or 300 g (LUD-30) per kg diet DM. Lupin seeds were detoxified by treatment with boiling water, followed by steeping in cold water. The diets were analysed by gas chromatography for the alkaloids, lupanine and 13-hydroxylupanine. The total alkaloid content of LUI-15 and LUl-30 was 3·8 and 8·0 g/kg diet DM, respectively; by contrast that of LUD-15 and LUD-30 was 2·1 and 5·2 g/kg diet DM respectively. Increasing the level of intact CLS in the diet led to a decrease in voluntary food intake. Cows given LUl-30 had a lower milk yield (11·1 kg/day) than those given LUI-15 (13·8 kg/day;P< 0·01) but there was no difference in either milk protein yield or content. Detoxification of lupin removed proportionately about 0·40 of the total alkaloids from intact CLS and increased food intake, and the yield of milk and milk protein (P< 0·05) but reduced milk fat content. Detoxification of CLS also reduced the rumen degradability of lupin protein (P< 0·05). It is concluded that the reduction in organic matter intake and milk yield of cows given diets containing intact CLS was due to the presence of lupanine and 13-hydroxylupanine. To maximize its usage in diets for dairy cattle, lupin should be detoxified; it can then be included at levels up to 300 g/kg diet DM.

Changes in the biochemical composition and the numbers of somatic cells in cow milk during the summer period of animal keeping

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
A. A. Savina ◽  
◽  
O. A. Voronina ◽  
S. Yu. Zaytsev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Amperometric Method

The aim of the work was to study the main biochemical parameters, including the measurements of the total amount of water-soluble antioxidants by the amperometric method, milk samples and the number of somatic cells in the milk of black-and-white cows in the summer period of animal keeping. In the work, the total amount of water-soluble antioxidants (TAWSA) was assessed by the amperometric method (on the TsvetYauza 01-AA device) and the average values of the component composition of milk for two groups of cows, which were formed by the number of somatic cells (NSC). Milk of mastitis cows causes food poisoning, that is why two groups were formed according to the NSC values: 1) less than 100 thousand units/ml; 2) from 100 to 700 thousand units/ml, in milk samples of black-and-white cows of the Moscow region that was used as raw material. The TAWSA values for 11 samples of milk from cows in group 1 ranged from 20,9 mg/g to 41,4 mg/g (average value 27,8±5,1 mg/g); mass fraction of fat (MFF) – 4,95±0,80%; protein mass fraction (PMF) – 3,13±0,27%; milk yield is about 20,5±4,1 L/day. Found correlations between TAWSA and the following parameters of milk: MFF – –0,25; PMF – +0,30; SOMO – –0,39; milk yield – +0,146. The TAWSA values for 16 milk samples of cows in group 2 ranged from 18,8 mg/g to 29,5 mg/g (average value 23,6±2,1 mg/g); MFF – 4.77±0.39%; PMF – 3,36±0,22%; milk yield about 20,0±3,1 L/ day. Found correlations between TAWSA and the following parameters of milk: MFF – –0,37; PMF – +0,11; SOMO – –0,32; milk yield – –0,12. The data obtained are of great importance both in assessing the physiological and biochemical status and the state of the antioxidant defense system of the cow’s organism.

Casein retention in curd and loss of casein into whey at chymosin-induced coagulation of milk

2009 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin Hallén ◽  
Anne Lundén ◽  
Toomas Allmere ◽  
Anders Andrén
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Cheese Making ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Coagulation Process ◽  
Milk Coagulation ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin ◽  
Protein Genotype

Impact of milk protein composition on casein (CN) retention in curd during the milk coagulation process was studied using a model cheese making system. Individual milk samples from 110 cows in mid lactation of the Swedish Red and Swedish Holstein breeds with known genotypes of β-casein, κ-casein and β-lactoglobulin were defatted, coagulated with chymosin, subjected to syneresis and subsequent pressing simulated by centrifugation. The results indicated that κ-casein concentration of milk plays an important role in the curd formation process and initial syneresis (whey after cutting), whereas an increased CN ratio was associated with less casein in whey after simulated pressing. Increased κ-casein concentration of milk also characterized the milk samples with no measurable loss of casein in whey, compared with milk samples with casein lost in whey, both after cutting and after simulated pressing. Concentrations of αs1-casein, β-casein, and total casein in milk were positively associated with fresh curd yield, which showed a strong correlation with amount of casein retained in curd. No effect of protein genotype on fresh curd yield or casein in whey was found. The β-lactoglobulin BB genotype was associated with increased casein retention in curd, most likely due to the association of this genotype with CN ratio.

scholarly journals The BovMAS Consortium: identification of QTL for milk yield and milk protein percent on chromosome 14 in the Brown Swiss breed

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (sup2) ◽  
pp. 13-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bagnato ◽  
F. Schiavini ◽  
M. Dolezal ◽  
S. Dubini ◽  
A. Rossoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Chromosome 14 ◽  
Brown Swiss

scholarly journals Polymorphisms in CSN3, CSN2 and LGB Genes and Their Relation to Milk Production in Dairy Cattle in the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jindřich Čítek ◽  
Lenka Hanusová ◽  
Lucie Lískovcová ◽  
Eva Samková ◽  
Oto Hanuš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Associative Analysis ◽  
Genotype And Allele Frequencies

The principal objective of this study was to perform genotyping of the CSN3, CSN2 and LGB genes in selected dairy cattle breeds in the Czech Republic, to determine genotype and allele frequencies and to perform an associative analysis on milk yield in kg, the percentage of fat and protein content, and fat and protein production in kg. The AA was the most frequent genotype for CSN3 with a frequency of 0.474 and the A allele (0.694). The BB genotype (0.814) and the B allele (0.895) predominated in CSN2 gene. Other genotyping was performed for the A1 and A2 alleles, the most frequent were the A2A2 genotype (0.475) and the A2 allele (0.680). The heterozygous AB genotype with a frequency of 0.900 was the most frequent in the LGB gene. A statistically significant higher protein content was found in the AB genotype in comparison to the BB in gene for CSN2. In the remaining cases, the effect of CSN3, CSN2 and LGB polymorphic variations on the milk production indicators was not statistically significant.

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