scholarly journals Prioritizing Different Types of Barriers to Knowledge Sharing: A Cause-and-Effect Analysis of the Views of Academics in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 578-596
Author(s):  
Esra Baran Kasapoğlu ◽  
Berk Küçükaltan ◽  
Abdullah Açık ◽  
İlke Sezin Ayaz ◽  
Ömür Yaşar Saatçioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Causal Relation ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Corporate Structure ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modeling ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Different Types

This study aims to identify different types of barriers to knowledge sharing among academics in Turkey and to investigate the relationships between the barriers and their degree of impact. Accordingly, it implements qualitative and quantitative approaches in two phases. In the first phase, the knowledge sharing barriers are identified through the literature review and categorized under organizational, individual, and technological dimensions via expert opinions so as to determine current barriers for the Turkish academics. In the second phase, the identified barriers and their interactions are more deeply investigated by using the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory Method (DEMATEL) methods. The findings of the study reveal that organizational and individual knowledge sharing barriers have a stronger effect than technological barriers. According to ISM and DEMATEL findings, “corporate structure”, “power relations"”, and “supportive corporate culture” are the driving forces for the knowledge sharing among the academics in Turkey. This study provides a hierarchical and causal relation model that may enable both performing the actions needed to promote academic knowledge sharing and advancing university performances. The findings offer useful insights on what the key barriers are and how these interrelate, so that they can be overcome. Thus, the findings hold significant potential to contribute both to the academic field and to the policymakers who are in charge of taking regulatory actions.

scholarly journals Knowledge-sharing restrictions in the life sciences: personal and context-specific factors in academia–industry knowledge transfer

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1533-1557
Author(s):  
Ani Gerbin ◽  
Mateja Drnovsek
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Context Specific

Purpose Knowledge sharing in research communities has been considered indispensable to progress in science. The aim of this paper is to analyze the mechanisms restricting knowledge sharing in science. It considers three categories of academia–industry knowledge transfer and a range of individual and contextual variables as possible predictors of knowledge-sharing restrictions. Design/methodology/approach A unique empirical data sample was collected based on a survey among 212 life science researchers affiliated with universities and other non-profit research institutions. A rich descriptive analysis was followed by binominal regression analysis, including relevant checks for the robustness of the results. Findings Researchers in academia who actively collaborate with industry are more likely to omit relevant content from publications in co-authorship with other academic researchers; delay their co-authored publications, exclude relevant content during public presentations; and deny requests for access to their unpublished and published knowledge. Practical implications This study informs policymakers that different types of knowledge-sharing restrictions are predicted by different individual and contextual factors, which suggests that policies concerning academia–industry knowledge and technology transfer should be tailored to contextual specificities. Originality/value This study contributes new predictors of knowledge-sharing restrictions to the literature on academia–industry interactions, including outcome expectations, trust and sharing climate. This study augments the knowledge management literature by separately considering the roles of various academic knowledge-transfer activities in instigating different types of knowledge-sharing restrictions in scientific research.

scholarly journals An SETM Algorithm for Combating SSDF Attack in Cognitive Radio Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tephillah ◽  
J. Martin Leo Manickam
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Trust Management ◽  
Cooperative Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Common Channel ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Management Algorithm ◽  
Different Types

Security is a pending challenge in cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) as it employs a common channel and a controller. Spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF) attacks are challenging as different types of attackers use them. To address this issue, the sifting and evaluation trust management algorithm (SETM) is proposed. The necessity of computing the trust for all the secondary users (SUs) is eliminated based on the use of the first phase of the algorithm. The second phase is executed to differentiate the random attacker and the genuine SUs. This reduces the computation and overhead costs. Simulations and complexity analyses have been performed to prove the efficiency and appropriateness of the proposed algorithm for combating SSDF attacks.

scholarly journals More than a method: trusting relationships, productive tensions, and two-way learning as mechanisms of authentic co-production

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Knowles ◽  
Dawn Allen ◽  
Ailsa Donnelly ◽  
Jackie Flynn ◽  
Kay Gallacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Involvement ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Knowledge Mobilisation ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Willingness To Change ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hybrid Knowledge ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Knowledge mobilisation requires the effective elicitation and blending of different types of knowledge or ways of knowing, to produce hybrid knowledge outputs that are valuable to both knowledge producers (researchers) and knowledge users (health care stakeholders). Patients and service users are a neglected user group, and there is a need for transparent reporting and critical review of methods used to co-produce knowledge with patients. This study aimed to explore the potential of participatory codesign methods as a mechanism of supporting knowledge sharing, and to evaluate this from the perspective of both researchers and patients. Methods A knowledge mobilisation research project using participatory codesign workshops to explore patient involvement in using health data to improve services. To evaluate involvement in the project, multiple qualitative data sources were collected throughout, including a survey informed by the Generic Learning Outcomes framework, an evaluation focus group, and field notes. Analysis was a collective dialogic reflection on project processes and impacts, including comparing and contrasting the key issues from the researcher and contributor perspectives. Results Authentic involvement was seen as the result of “space to talk” and “space to change”. "Space to talk" refers to creating space for shared dialogue, including space for tension and disagreement, and recognising contributor and researcher expertise as equally valuable to the discussion. ‘Space to change’ refers to space to adapt in response to contributor feedback. These were partly facilitated by the use of codesign methods which emphasise visual and iterative working, but contributors emphasised that relational openness was more crucial, and that this needed to apply to the study overall (specifically, how contributors were reimbursed as a demonstration of how their input was valued) to build trust, not just to processes within the workshops. Conclusions Specific methods used within involvement are only one component of effective involvement practice. The relationship between researcher and contributors, and particularly researcher willingness to change their approach in response to feedback, were considered most important by contributors. Productive tension was emphasised as a key mechanism in leading to genuinely hybrid outputs that combined contributor insight and experience with academic knowledge and understanding.

scholarly journals Knowledge Sharing in Ontario Colleges: The Way to Sustainable Education

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania Mohy EL Din Nafea ◽  
Esra Kilicarslan Toplu
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
Top Management ◽  
Global Citizens ◽  
Knowledge Repositories ◽  
Innovation In Education ◽  
Management Commitment ◽  
Top Management Commitment

This paper puts forward several principles that the authors believe are essential for quality education in Canadian colleges. The relationship between establishing communities of practice, creating knowledge repositories, encouraging top management commitment to knowledge sharing and establishing a comprehensive reward system are examined in relation to innovation in education. Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) #4 of the UN postulates quality education among its top initiatives.The question that arises is how do we ensure that SDG #4 is implemented in higher education institutions? Accordingly, data was collected through observation of faculty and staff from the 2017 Ontario Colleges strike. Although a strong corporate culture exists in Ontario colleges, the system continues to struggle with explicit top management principles that support knowledge sharing across different disciplines. Inter and intra departmental forums including students are non-existent. Knowledge repositories, that staff, faculty and students can tap into are lacking. A greater conversation with stakeholders is imperative to weave all the threads of organizational behavior practices together to nurture future global citizens. Only then can we achieve sustainable quality education.

scholarly journals Classification and applying pharmacovigilance principles to study adverse drug reaction and its management

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 2537
Author(s):  
Srihitha Pendota ◽  
Sre Akshaya Kalyani Surabhineni ◽  
Abhinay Sharma Katnapally ◽  
Dharanija Porandla ◽  
Sandeep Kumar Beemreddy
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reaction ◽  
Drug Reaction ◽  
Causality Assessment ◽  
Causal Relation ◽  
Drug Event ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Multiple Drug Therapy ◽  
Assessment Scales ◽  
Reason For Admission

Adverse drug reaction (ADR) is an unwanted, undesirable effect of medication resulting in mild to severe effect on the patient. This review explains definitions of ADR and it differentiation with adverse drug event, medication error. ADRs may cause increased length of stay or initial reason for admission and are major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Risk factors for ADR occurrence include age, gender, patients with multiple diseases and multiple drug therapy (polypharmacy). ADRs are classified into different types based on the mechanism and onset of reaction. The causal relation between suspected drug and reaction can be assessed by using causality assessment scales. The severity and preventability of ADR can be assessed by severity assessment scale and preventability scale respectively. Clinical Pharmacists play an important role in monitoring and management of ADRs.

scholarly journals Analysis of partnerships for actions intra-sectoral and inter-sectors for health in areas of high socio-environmental vulnerability in the city of São Paulo/Brazil: a mixed method study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Melo Bezerra ◽  
Iara Coelho Zito Guerriero
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Basic Health Units

Abstract Context Since poverty areas are socioeconomic complex and limiting environments, there is a need to develop intra-sectoral and inter-sectoral actions in the health territory in order to achieve the economic and social well-being of people and society. This research aims to understand the relationship between inter-sectorial and inter-sectoral actions for health and socio-environmental groupings of the most vulnerable health territories in the city of São Paulo, identify which are the most frequent partners of these actions and how professionals experience these partnerships in their daily lives.Method We adopted the mixed sequential and explanatory method. In the first phase, an online form is applied and identifies the Basic Health Units (BHU) that take place as intersectoral actions with more partners. In the second phase, we explored how the professionals consider the characteristics of the territory where they act to seek partnerships and how they carry out the actions.Results Analysis of quantitative data indicated that: a) More than 98% of BHUs conduct intra- and inter-sectoral partnerships and b) there is no relationship between the indices of the most vulnerable groupings and the presence of intra- and inter-sectoral actions with statistical significance p <0.05. The content analysis of literal transcriptions pointed out that: intra- and inter-sectoral practices developed in the health territories were driven by the needs of the treatment of diseases or by the precarious conditions of life of individual or collectivities. However, in order to assist different types of violence, health professionals avoid seeking partnerships, including with the Tutelary Council and the Center for Human Rights, as they fear they will suffer reprisals by those who cause this violence. There was consistency between quantitative and qualitative data, except for partnership with education, other BHUs, environment, and the Tutelary Council.Conclusion The construction of personalized partnerships for individual and collective health, in order to cope with social inequalities; of chronic diseases and by phases of the life cycle involved in socioeconomic fragilities that generate more poverty is part of the job from BHU’s professionals.

scholarly journals Analysing Challenges to Smart Waste Management for a Sustainable Circular Economy in Developing countries: A fuzzy DEMATEL study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honey Yadav ◽  
Umang Soni ◽  
Girish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Dynamic Scheduling ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Fuzzy Dematel ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
Long Run

Abstract To improve the quality of life and achieve sustainability Internet of Things (IoT) plays a significant role. Waste can be converted to high value asset if treated properly with smart solutions. This study aims to develop an exploratory framework in the adoption of smart waste management in developing economies such as India analysing the various deferring parameters. To accomplish this aim the present study consists of two phases: In the first phase barriers in the adoption of IoT for smart waste management were identified after an extensive literature review and discussion with selected experts in this field. In the second phase the quantitative analysis using Fuzzy DEMATEL (Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) method was performed on the selected barriers. The fuzzy DEMATEL methodology helps in prioritizing the most significant barrier by separating them into cause-effect group. The data were analysed on comparative basis based on two different perception to provide more detailed insight on the problems faced while smart waste management implementation. The results discloses that “Lack of government strict regulatory policies”, “Lack of proper Financial planning” and “Lack of benchmarking processes” are among the most critical causal barriers towards IoT based smart waste management that are hindering the vision of efficient waste management system. Further “Difficulty in implementing innovative technologies” and “Absence of Dynamic Scheduling and Routing” fall under significant potential causal effect category. The most prominent effect barriers are “Lack of awareness among community”, “Lack of source segregation and recycling commitment” and “Lack of service provider’s” which was concluded in results considering the comparison parameters from different perspective. The study also suggest that the effect barriers can be overcome automatically with mitigating the causal barriers in the long run. The comparative details of the study will further help the policy makers, stakeholders and government experts to frame policies and interventions to eradicate the identified barriers towards an efficient and innovative system for waste handling.

Bridging employee curiosity and service creativity: a new lens

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuen-Hung Tsai ◽  
Li-li Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Frontline Employees ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Task Autonomy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
And Task

PurposeThis study develops a framework to examine how, why and when different traits of employee curiosity affect service creativity by considering the roles of knowledge sharing and task autonomy.Design/methodology/approachTo reduce common method bias, this work separated the variables investigated into three parts, each of which was randomly used to collect data at three different periods. A total of 822 matched questionnaires obtained from frontline employees of service firms provided useable data for hypothesis tests. A moderated mediation approach was employed to analyse the data.FindingsResults are as follows: (1) Deprivation sensitivity, joyous exploration and social curiosity have positive effects on knowledge collecting (KC) and knowledge donating (KD). (2) KD mediates the relationships between the three curiosity traits and service creativity. (3) Task autonomy enhances and suppresses the mediating effects of KC and KD, respectively, on the curiosity–service creativity relationship.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has two main research implications: First, as different types (traits) of employee curiosity have different effects on service creativity, a single-dimensional view of employee curiosity may mask the differences of individual dimension and lead to a oversimplified conclusion. Second, lifting the vein from employee curiosity to service creativity has to consider the roles of knowledge sharing and task autonomy.Originality/valueThis research is the first to contribute to the service innovation literature by revealing the underlying mechanisms through which different types of employee curiosity affect service creativity and uncovering the moderating roles of task autonomy in the process mechanisms.

Use of Social Media for Knowledge Sharing by Instructors in a Higher Education Institution

2018 ◽  
pp. 116-143
Author(s):  
Stephen Asunka
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Applicable Knowledge ◽  
Use Of Social Media

Against the backdrop that universities are required to generate and disseminate relevant and applicable knowledge for the general good, and with the understanding that social media can be an effective vehicle for such knowledge sharing practices, this study explored the use of social media for knowledge sharing by academics at a university college in Ghana. The study thus examined how instructors use social media for sharing academic knowledge, the factors that promote such knowledge sharing practices, and the barriers to effective knowledge sharing in the academic environment. 47 instructors participated by completing an online questionnaire, whilst 7 participated in focus group discussions. Findings reveal a regular, though not daily, use of social media platforms for academic knowledge sharing. Personal, technological and institutional factors were determined to be contributing in fostering as well as hindering such activities. Implications of these findings as well as suggestions for future research are accordingly discussed.

Impact of Organizational Culture on Knowledge Management in Higher Education

2010 ◽  
pp. 1264-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Biloslavo ◽  
Mojca Prevodnik
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Competing Values Framework ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Competing Values ◽  
Iterative Processes ◽  
Different Types

Knowledge management is a set of purposeful activities led by management in order to enable and support generation, storage, transfer and application of knowledge within an organization so as to create value and improve the organization’s effectiveness. The effectiveness of these activities is in a large part dependent on organizational culture, which can support or impede the two-way social process of learning and knowledge sharing between individuals, groups, organizations, and artifacts. This chapter discusses the fundamentals of organizational culture and knowledge management, their definitions, components, and processes. Specifically, the study presented is focused on how different types of organizational culture, as defined by the competing values framework, might be related to the iterative processes of knowledge generation, storage, transfer, and application in higher education.

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