scholarly journals A Comparative Evaluation Of The Proximate Analysis, Mineral Contents And Phytochemical Screening Of Dioscorea Dumetorum (Bitter Yam)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adebayo S. Daramola ◽  
Philip O. Amira
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
Wet Weight

This study sought to probe into the health significance of two (white and yellow) species of Dioscorea dumetorum (bitter yam) based on their chemical composition and phytochemicals. Matured tubers were analyzed for proximate composition, mineral contents and phytochemicals, using standard analytical procedures. Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed between the means of some of the compositions in the two species. The results showed moisture contents of 71.45±0.15 and 75.55±1.20 g% wet weight for white and yellow species respectively. Others in g% dry weight included: crude protein (white, 5.20±0.27; yellow, 5.70±0.35), crude ash (white, 4.75±0.16; yellow, 4.05±0.09), crude fat (white, 0.70±0.20; yellow, 0.72±0.01), crude fibre (white, 15.90±0.75; yellow, 14.95±0.070) and carbohydrate (white, 81.86±0.17; yellow, 75.95±0.05). The most predominant minerals were potassium (white, 680±0.20; yellow, 767.85±1.35), phosphorus (white, 270.00±2.10, yellow, 277.25±3.45), sodium (white, 70.35±1.40; yellow, 76.45±0.05) and magnesium (white, 47.10±0.25; yellow, 67.40±0.05). The yellow species showed significantly higher concentrations over the white. The phytochemical screening revealed much presence of glycosides and alkaloids, but little presence of flavonoids, oxalates, phytates and  tannins. The results justify the medicinal use of the tuber and could serve as a synergy to man and animal nutrition.

scholarly journals Proximate Analysis and Phytochemical Screening of Triclisia subcordata Oliv Leaf

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
F. N. Okpara ◽  
E. O. Nwaichi ◽  
J. O. Akaninwor
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Cyanogenic Glycosides ◽  
Cyanogenic Glycoside ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Medicinal Use

Proximate analysis and phytochemical screening of Triclisia subcordata Oliv leaf were investigated using standard analytical methods. Results of the proximate analysis showed contents for moisture (79.28±2.32%), ash (1.91±0.21%), crude fibre (1.83±0.13%), lipid (1.81±0.16%), crude protein (8.32±1.20%) and carbohydrate (6.91±0.74%). Phytochemical screening showed the presence of all six metabolites studied but at different concentrations. Saponin and flavonoids > alkaloids > phenol, tannin and cyanogenic glycoside. Tannins, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, cyanogenic glycosides and phenol gave 0.01±0.00%, 5.81±0.23%, 2.32±0.13%, 6.01±0.36%, 0.20±0.00% and 0.03±0.00%. Given observed high contents of moisture, flavonoids and saponins, moderate amounts of alkaloids and low contents of lipid, cyanogenic glycosides, tannins and phenols in Triclisia subcordata Oliv leaf, this study rationalises the medicinal use of the plant, and unveils its potential as a source of micronutrients.

scholarly journals Proximate composition, phytochemical screening and some antinutritional factors of three accessions of lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus ) an underutilized legume

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. O. Soetan ◽  
T. N. Atanda
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Antinutritional Factors ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Lima Beans

Lima bean (LB) (Phaseolus lunatus) is an underutilized legumein Nigeria and West Africa despite its numerous nutritional benefits. This study evaluated the proximate composition, phytochemical screening and antinutritional factors (ANFs) of three accessions of Lima beans; LB 001, LB 011 and LB 015 from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Oyo State. All analyses were done using standard protocols. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive statistics. Result of proximate analysis revealed that LB 011 recorded the highest value for crude protein (25.70 0.06%), crude fat (3.10 0.05%) and crude fibre (3.20 0.06%) and moisture content (9.3 0.16%), LB 015 recorded the highest value for ash (3.90 0.04%), nitrogen free extract (60.35 0.20%) while LB001 gave the highest value for drymatter (92.30 2.50%).Phytochemical screening revealed presence of saponin, flavonoid and alkaloid in the three accessions of LB while anthraquinone and cardiac glycoside were absent in all the LB accessions. Results of ANFs showed that LB 001 recorde the highest value for alkaloid (56.67±5.78mg/g), LB 015 gave the highest value for tannin (93.33±2.89 mg/g) and saponin (61.67±2.89 mg/g) while LB 011 had the highest oxalate content (30±5.00mg/g). The study concluded that the three accessions of lima beans have high levels of crude protein, crude fat and ash and phytochemicals, which compared favourably with that of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), a conventional legume. However, the ANFs present in LBneed adequate processing for their reduction and optimal utilization as a protein source for human and animals.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening, Elemental and Proximate Analysis of Maerua angolensis (Capparaceaea) Stem Bark

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ezekiel Tagwi Williams ◽  
Nachana’a Timothy ◽  
Attama Chika
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Appreciable Amount ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Effective Source

This work was designed to explore the phytochemicals, elemental and proximate analysis of Maerua angolensis Stem bark were determined using standard analytical methods. The phytochemical screening showed alkaloid (271.30 mg /100 g), tannins (340.25 mg /100 g), flavonoid (176.85 mg /100 g), reducing sugar (41.20 mg /100 g), glycosides (184.30 mg /100 g), steroids (112.30 mg /100 g), anthraquinones (167.85 mg /100 g) and saponin (225.61 mg /100 g). Also the elemental analysis carried out revealed that the concentration of Manganese (0.02 9 mg/kg), Copper (0.059 mg/kg), Calcium (0.070 mg/kg), Sodium (7.530 mg/kg), Zinc (0.028 mg/kg), Chromium (0.158 mg/kg), Lead (0.007 mg/kg), Iron (0.100 mg/kg) and Magnesium (0.020 mg/kg). The result of the proximate composition showed  that the moisture, fat, crude protein, crude fibre, ash, carbohydrate and energy value content of the samples were 3.58±0.04%, 6.25±0.09%, 21.79±0.26%, 48.51±2.31%, 13.28±1.86%, 6.60±1.79% and 169.81±8.49  kcal/100 g respectively. The pH value obtained was 5.65±0.09. These indicate that the plant can be effective source for drugs. The elemental and proximate analysis shows that it contained appreciable amount of nutrients which could be included in diets to supplement human daily nutrient needs and animal.

scholarly journals Proximate, phytochemical screening and mineral analysis of Crescentia cujete L. leaves

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Musbau B. Olaniyi ◽  
Ibraheem O. Lawal ◽  
Aishat A. Olaniyi
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Mineral Compositions ◽  
Crescentia Cujete ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

Background: One of the uses of Crescentia cujete leaves is in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, which necessitated the evaluation of its chemical composition.Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the chemical composition of C. cujete leaves.Setting: Fresh, mature leaves were harvested from the Herbal Garden, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Jericho Hill, Ibadan, Nigeria. The plant samples were identified at Forest Herbarium, Ibadan, Nigeria, sorted to eliminate extraneous matter and then air-dried on a cabinet dryer for five days at ambient temperature and oven-dried at 40°C for five minutes. The dried leaves were milled to powder using a medium-sized milling machine and stored in an air-tight container until needed for analysis.Methods: The proximate composition, phytochemical screening and mineral analysis were determined using standard analytic methods. Minerals such as iron, zinc, calcium, manganese and magnesium were determined by the atomic absorption spectrophotometer; sodium and potassium by the flame photometer and phosphorus by the spectrophotometer.Results: The proximate analysis results revealed that the samples contained carbohydrate (40.46%), crude protein (16.15%), crude fibre (19.71%), crude fat (2.91%), ash (9.77%) and moisture (11.03%), while the phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of cardiac glycosides, saponins, tannins, anthraquinones and flavonoids. The mineral compositions (mg/g) decreased in the order Ca (6.0) > K (5.0) > Mg (2.2) > P (1.5) > Na (0.2) > Fe = Zn (0.6) > Cu = Mn (0.03).Conclusion: These results conceivably indicate that C. cujete is a good source of essential minerals and phyto-nutrients which possess strong pharmacological activities, providing scientific credence for its therapeutic usage in folklore medicine.

scholarly journals Chemical analysis of fodder tree leaves found in Sunsari district, Nepal

BIBECHANA ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
TN Mandal ◽  
TP Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Local Information ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Fodder Trees ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Fodder Quality

Altogether 55 fodder trees were collected with their local information from Sunsari district, Nepal. Among them, the leaves of 19 fodder trees were analyzed for dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, crude fibre, N-free extract, total ash and mineral contents (K, Ca, and P). Regarding fodder quality, local information and chemical composition do not match for all plants. On the basis of chemical composition 12 fodder trees were recognized as good fodders. On the basis of both local information and chemical composition following trees were assessed as very good fodders: Artocarpus heterophyllus, Bauhinia variegata, Ficus cunia, F. glomerata and F. lacor. Keywords: Tree fodders; Farmers’ assessment; Proximate analysis; Nutrient contents DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v8i0.5701 BIBECHANA 2012; 8: 131-138

scholarly journals Nutritive Values of the Leaves of Crescentia Cujete (Ugbuba)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Umudi E. Queen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Analytical Chemist ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Crude Lipid ◽  
Nutritive Values ◽  
Edible Purpose ◽  
Crescentia Cujete

Mineral and proximate analysis of Crescentia Cujete (Ugbugba) leaves were examined using the methods recommended by Association of Official Analytical Chemist (AOAC). The leaves contained 51.00+1.05% moisture, 2.30+0.2% ash, crude protein 51.00+0.43%, crude lipid 1.90+0.08%, crude fibre 4.00+0.12%, carbohydrates 40.40+0.02%. The minerals ranges from mg/g dry weight K(30.02 + 0.03), Na (12.10+0.32), Ca (60.00+0.01). Mg (361.42+0.01), P(14.19 +0.42), Mn (6.32 + 1.01), Fe (2.43+0.01), Cu (13.04+0.10), Zn (1.20+0.43), Na/K (0.40) and Ca/P (2.14), K, Mg, Ca and Fe were found in significant concentrations. The findings showed that Crescentia Cujete leaves are source of nutrients for edible purpose, a good Na/K ratio for lowering blood pressure.

scholarly journals Chemical analysis of fodder climbers found in Sunsari district, Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
T. N. Mandal ◽  
T. P. Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Local Information ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mineral Contents

Altogether 19 fodder climbers were collected with local information for their quality, feeding season and preference by livestock from Sunsari district, Nepal. Fodder climbers were distributed under 15 angiospermic families. Among them, 6 climber species were analyzed for dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, crude fibre, N-free extract, total ash and mineral contents (K, Ca, and P). Dry matter content ranged from 24.12 to 45.43%. Crude protein content showed slight variation. Ether extract ranged from 2.13- 4.23%, while Crude fiber content ranged between 18.62 and 22.52%. N-free extract showed narrow variation in the content while Total ash content exhibited a wide variation ranging from 5.67 to 11.52%. Among the minerals, Phosphorus showed distinct variation in the content from 0.19 to 0.46%. Fodder quality assessed by local people was compared with the result of chemical composition. On the basis of local information and chemical composition, Hedera nepalensis and Hedyotis scandens were considered as very good fodder climbers.

scholarly journals Determination of Nutritional Composition of Ackee’s Apple Blighia sapida and Monkey Kola Cola millenii

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Oyetade Joshua Akinropo ◽  
Bello Lukman Abidemi ◽  
Adesiyan Blessing Adedayo
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Fruit Samples

The proximate analysis of the fruit sample that homogenously sampled from the wild was taken and quartered to get appreciable weight fit for analysis. Due to it perishable nature the quartered sample for each of the fruit was stored in an air tight container and kept in the refrigerator at a temperature of about 4°C. For the determination of the nutritional composition, parameters which include their proximate, minerals, and vitamin C were quantitatively determined while the anti-nutrient composition were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. Compared to ackee’s apple, monkey cola was found to consist of 64.41% moisture content, 1.69% ash, 10.21% crude fibre, 1.25% crude fat, 4.44% crude fibre, 18.06% carbohydrates while ackee’s apple consist of 73.21% moisture, 1.49% ash, 9.38 % crude protein, 13.98% crude fat, 2.08% crude fibre, 0.86% carbohydrates and 4.45% of vitamin C. The mineral analysis for both samples was quantitatively determined using Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The minerals determined for ackee’s apple and monkey cola were magnesium which was 1391.65 ppm, calcium 628.23 ppm, sodium 506.96 ppm, potassium 3976.14 ppm, iron 1.0 ppm, copper 5.00, zinc 4.00, cobalt 3.0 and phosphorus 2616.90 ppm the iron however, was not detected. Ackee’s apple on the other hand, consist of magnesium 498.01 ppm, calcium 478.56 ppm, sodium 398.80 ppm, potassium 4970.18 ppm, copper 2.00, zinc 5.00, cobalt 3.0 and phosphorus 373.84 ppm. The qualitative screening of the anti-nutrients revealed the absence of phenol from both fruit samples while tannins were present only in the monkey cola. The flavonoids, phytic acid and oxalate were quantitatively determined to be 1240 mg, 625 mg and 155 mg for Monkey kola and 640 mg, 340 mg and 65 mg for Ackee’s apple.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Crude Protein, Total Phenolic and Antioxidant Contents of Raw and Commercially Packed Turmeric and Red Chilies

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Rubaiat Nazneen Akhand ◽  
Shoriful Islam ◽  
Mohammad Mehedi Hasan Khan
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Chili Powder

Background: Turmeric and red chili are the common spices used for cuisine preparation in Bangladesh. Commercially packed turmeric and red chili might have decreased nutrient contents compared to raw turmeric and red chili. Aims:  The study aimed to compare some of the nutrient values between the commercially packed and raw turmeric and red chili. Methods: Commercially packed turmeric and red chili with different brand names (Radhuni, Tiger and Pran) and in raw turmeric and red chili were purchased from local market. Proximate analyses - dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF) and mineral contents were performed. The total phenolics and total tannin contents were determined using appropriate methods. Results: The proximate analysis results showed that both Radhuni (97.56 mg/g) and Tiger (97.28 mg/g) turmeric revealed significantly higher content of DM (p<0.001). No notable difference was observed in CP value. Crude fiber value displayed significantly highest value (p<0.001) in Tiger brand (4.96 mg/g) and the lowest in Radhuni brand (1.76 mg/g). Mineral content was significantly (p<0.05) highest in raw turmeric (9.97 mg/g). A significantly higher amount (p<0.001) of DM in packed chili was recorded. Tiger chili contained significantly higher amount of CP (6.02 mg/g) and CF (9.31 mg/g) while Radhuni contained the lower amount of CP (4.81 mg/g) and CF (2.48 mg/g). Raw chili had significantly higher amount of ash (13.24 mg/g). Examination revealed significant level (p<0.001) of total phenolics in acetone extracts of Tiger turmeric and chili powder. Significant amount of tannin was found in raw turmeric (33.89 µg/g; p<0.005); however, Pran brand of turmeric had the lowest amount of tannin (9.53 µg/g). Tannin content recorded in red chili was significantly (p<0.001) higher in commercially packed Tiger brand which was 16.57 µg/g compared to raw red chili (3.315 µg/g). Antioxidant analysis showed higher antioxidant activity in both raw turmeric and red chili powder. Conclusion:  Tiger brand turmeric ensures the standard moisture, fiber and protein contents as well as the amount of phenolics and tannin.

scholarly journals Proximate composition and phytochemical screening of coffee weed (Senna occidentalis ) leaves as phytobiotic additive in poultry diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
S. O. Omoikhoje ◽  
D. O. Obasoyo ◽  
S. E. Okosun ◽  
J. I. Uwaya ◽  
I. A. Adamu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Poultry Diets

The proximate and phytochemical screening of Senna occidentalis were carried out to assess some nutrients and phytobiotic properties of the leaves. The fresh leaves were thoroughly rinsed, sparsely spread on jute mat and dried at room temperature for 6 – 7 days until they became crispy, thereafter they were milled and subjected to proximate and phytochemical analyses. Data showed that the leaves had low moisture (9.35 9.35%), high crude protein (21.88 21.88%), crude fibre, crude fat, ash and nitrogen free extract (NFE) , of 19.72, 16.88, 9.70 and 22.47% respectively. The phytochemicals positively present were cardiac glycosides, phenols, flavols, flavonols and alkaloids, while saponnins were largely present. From the results, Senna occidentalis leaf meal can be a potential source of vegetable protein and some vital mineral elements as supplements to poultry feeds. Besides, the high levels of antioxidants and antimicrobial agents present in the sample which are known to promote growth by enhancing nutrient utilization, repair of worn out tissues and disease control could make Senna occidentalis leaves worthy of being a phytobiotic additive in poultry diets.

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