Effect of Drying Whole and Half Chili Pods Using a Solar Dryer with CaCl2 Desiccant on Quality of Powder Chili

This study investigated the quality of dried whole and half chili pods’ powder dried with solar drying combined with CaCl2 desiccant compared with natural convection solar drying to produce the final chili powder product. Besides the sensory analysis, the quality parameters such as beta-carotene, moisture, vitamin C, and ash content were also observed. The results showed that 57 hours of drying time of whole and half chili pods using solar drying can reach moisture content below 5%. Beta-carotene, ash, and vitamin C contents of the whole chili were higher than those of half chili pods’ dried pepper powder; they were 20.38 ± 0.22 mg / 100 g , 5.81 ± 0.15 % , and 23.99 ± 0.57 mg / 100 g , respectively. This study can guide the red chili drying process based on the quality of the dried chili powder.

Bacillus sp. Effectivity test as a growth supressor agent from antrachnose disease caused by Colletotrichum sp. on cayenne pepper plant (Capsicum frutescens L.)

cayenne pepper plant (Capsicum frutescens L.) is one of the popular vegetables comodity in Indonesia. cayenne pepper plant used as main ingridients for kitchen’s need, sauce industry, chili powder, instant noodle, and pharmaceutical industry. The demand for cayenne pepper plant in Indonesia is considerably high, about 4kg/capita/year. Antrachnose diseease caused by Colletotrichum sp is on of the major problem in cayenne pepper plant cultivation. Colletotrichum sp is from Nectrioidaceae family that has plenty of aservulus beneath the cuticule or on the surface, the diameter is up to 10 nm, black colored and many setae. Several bacteria has antagonist feature either around the root, or endophytes with the roots. Bacillus sp has antagonist feature is consider to treat the Antrachnose disease. Bacillus sp is a marine bactreia that can produce antibiotic to fight pathogen. However, from this study there are two different antagonist activites between two isolate due to different chytinolytic activitiy between the two isolate.

Mutations in Yellow

Mutations in yellow, a serial arrangement of yellow pigments on rice paper are reflections on botany, viruses and empire.The studies investigate the materiality of yellow, using turmeric, cumin, cinnamon, chili powder to make imprecise diagrams; reminiscent of, but neither calligraphy nor painting; gestures that trouble and muddy the taxonomies of yellowness and the historical entanglements between 18th century colonial studies of plant disease, imperial routes and racial capitalism.The invention of “yellow” as a racial description associated with “dirty, lurid, treacherous, suspect, diseased, weak, lazy, melancholy, unproductive” appeared in natural science publications, frequently representing maladies and infectious afflictions to biological and human (European Man) health and reproduction. The images evade scientific conventions of pictorial accuracy that typify botanical illustrations and instead present the colour yellow as medium in non linear, non-teleological “mutations”—present and willfully unproductive, like withdrawal from the descriptive apparatus mapping “yellow” to infection, foreignness and invasion.

Bon Cabai Sebagai Alternatif Produk Olahan Cabai dan Peningkatan Pendapatan Petani di Saat Pandemi Covid-19

Chili is a widely cultivated plant by farmers in the Ngentak sub-village, Seloharjo Village, Pundong District, Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. In general, chili is sold as a fresh product or utilized for daily consumption. However, chili price fluctuation, especially during the harvest season and exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic, sometimes causes farmers to experience losses since there is a limited alternative of chili processed products. This community service aims to find an alternative of chili processed products to increase the added value of chili and as an alternative to increasing farmers' income during a pandemic. The methods used are survey, observation, and training. The result of this community service program is the development of processed chili products in the form of chili powder which can be an alternative to processed chili-based products when the chili price falls. This activity involves the Women Farmers Group as well as enlivens the group activities. Besides being an alternative to processed chili products, the development of this chili powder product can also be part of an effort to increase farmers' income, especially during a pandemic.

Classification of chili powder (Capsicum annuum L.) antioxidant activity based on near infrared spectra

Testing the antioxidant activity of chili powder is often destructive; these methods are expensive, complicated, and lengthy analysis time. Meanwhile, information on antioxidant activity is needed by the industry to determine its quality class in rapid and uncomplicated handling. Therefore, this study was aimed to measure the antioxidant activity of chili powder and classify it into three quality classes, namely high, medium, and low, using Near Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy at spectral wavelengths of 1000-2500 nm and combined with chemometric techniques. The antioxidant activity of the sample was evaluated using the DPPH assay. Processing of the data started with outlier detection using Hotelling's T2 , then confirmed using leverage analysis and influence plot. The data were then processed with Smoothing-Savitzky Golay, SNV, and De-Trending. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed for classifying the samples, which were validated with full crossvalidation. The results showed that the antioxidant activity was detected at a range of 1395 - 2390 nm. De-Trending was the best pre-treatment that successfully classified the low and high levels of antioxidant activity with a success rate of 100% and classified a medium level of antioxidant activity with a success rate of 96.97%.

Comparative Analysis of Crude Protein, Total Phenolic and Antioxidant Contents of Raw and Commercially Packed Turmeric and Red Chilies

Background: Turmeric and red chili are the common spices used for cuisine preparation in Bangladesh. Commercially packed turmeric and red chili might have decreased nutrient contents compared to raw turmeric and red chili. Aims: The study aimed to compare some of the nutrient values between the commercially packed and raw turmeric and red chili. Methods: Commercially packed turmeric and red chili with different brand names (Radhuni, Tiger and Pran) and in raw turmeric and red chili were purchased from local market. Proximate analyses - dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF) and mineral contents were performed. The total phenolics and total tannin contents were determined using appropriate methods. Results: The proximate analysis results showed that both Radhuni (97.56 mg/g) and Tiger (97.28 mg/g) turmeric revealed significantly higher content of DM (p<0.001). No notable difference was observed in CP value. Crude fiber value displayed significantly highest value (p<0.001) in Tiger brand (4.96 mg/g) and the lowest in Radhuni brand (1.76 mg/g). Mineral content was significantly (p<0.05) highest in raw turmeric (9.97 mg/g). A significantly higher amount (p<0.001) of DM in packed chili was recorded. Tiger chili contained significantly higher amount of CP (6.02 mg/g) and CF (9.31 mg/g) while Radhuni contained the lower amount of CP (4.81 mg/g) and CF (2.48 mg/g). Raw chili had significantly higher amount of ash (13.24 mg/g). Examination revealed significant level (p<0.001) of total phenolics in acetone extracts of Tiger turmeric and chili powder. Significant amount of tannin was found in raw turmeric (33.89 µg/g; p<0.005); however, Pran brand of turmeric had the lowest amount of tannin (9.53 µg/g). Tannin content recorded in red chili was significantly (p<0.001) higher in commercially packed Tiger brand which was 16.57 µg/g compared to raw red chili (3.315 µg/g). Antioxidant analysis showed higher antioxidant activity in both raw turmeric and red chili powder. Conclusion: Tiger brand turmeric ensures the standard moisture, fiber and protein contents as well as the amount of phenolics and tannin.

Community Empowerment through Agricultural Commodity Processing Training as an Effort to Improve Community Welfare in Kerta Barat Village, East Java

Kerta Barat Village in Dasuk District is one of several tomato and chili producing areas in Sumenep Regency. The economic potential of processed food production from agricultural commodities is considerable. This potential can be further increased by harvest abundance. Tomatoes and cayenne chillies are categorized as agricultural commodities with a shelf life and are difficult to store for long periods. The best solution to the overabundance of crop products is by processing these agricultural materials into processed products capable of extended periods of storage. Additionally, processed food products will add to the economic value of the commodity itself. This community service aims to empower the people of Kerta Barat Village by exploiting the potential of agricultural commodities through the processing of tomato sauce and cayenne chilli powder products. This activity was carried out through training and mentoring on the subject of food product processing of tomato sauce and cayenne chili powder. Knowledge and skill increase were seen to have followed this empowerment activity, namely partners can process tomato and cayenne chilly commodities into tomato sauce and cayenne chili powder products through the use of simple technology. A social impact was perceived where partners have become acquainted with agricultural commodity processing technology, namely for the process of drying and size reduction in the manufacturing of processed tomato and cayenne chili products. Additionally, the utilization of post-harvest technologies is crucial for the process of making produced commodities more useful and increase its economic value, which in turn can lead to welfare for the locals.

Farmer Group of Cabe Bakul (Lada Katokkon) in Rantepao District, North Toraja Regency

Chili is one of the most important foods for traditional Indonesian food. One of the chilies that have a very high Scoville rating from Toraja Utara and Tana Toraja is Cabe Bakul or Lada Katokkon. This chili is different from other peppers ranging from the shape that resembles a pabrika but the size is small, it is sweet taste turned hot and good smelled. . The disadvantage of this chili is the condition of chilies that have a very high water content so it is easy to rot and wrestle so that the price quickly goes down and sometimes thrown away. To avoid the problem, the team proposes to process chili into a product but does not change the taste, color, and smell. This activity helps the chili farmers to process their crops into processed products that have higher economic value. There are two types of products produced are Chili powder (Bon Cabe) and sauce. Chili sauce is made there are four variants of flavors are: original, onion, terasi, and fish. Through this training, the farmer group partners can cultivate the harvest and its products can compete in the Toraja market and outside Toraja. Abstrak Cabe merupakan salah satu makanan terpenting untuk makanan tradisional Indonesia. Salah satu cabai yang memiliki rating Scoville sangat tinggi dari Toraja Utara dan Tana Toraja adalah Cabe Bakul atau Cabe Katokkon. Cabe ini berbeda dengan cabe lainnya mulai dari bentuknya yang menyerupai pabrika namun ukurannya kecil, rasanya manis berubah menjadi panas dan harum. Kekurangan dari cabe ini adalah kondisi buah cabe yang memiliki kandungan air yang sangat tinggi sehingga mudah membusuk dan bergelut sehingga harganya cepat turun dan kadang dibuang begitu saja. Untuk menghindari masalah tersebut, tim mengusulkan untuk mengolah cabe menjadi sebuah produk namun tidak merubah rasa, warna dan baunya. Kegiatan ini membantu petani cabe mengolah hasil panennya menjadi produk olahan yang memiliki nilai ekonomi lebih tinggi. Ada dua jenis produk yang dihasilkan yaitu bubuk cabe (Bon Cabe) dan saos. Kuah sambal yang dibuat ada empat varian rasa yaitu: original, bawang, terasi dan ikan. Melalui pelatihan ini para mitra kelompok tani dapat membudidayakan hasil panen dan produknya dapat bersaing di pasar Toraja dan luar Toraja.

Ají (capsicum annuum l.var. cayenne) como aditivo alimentario para conejos

Chili is used as a substitute for growth promoting antibiotics in animal production. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with Chili Powder (Capsicum annum L. var. Cayenne) on fattening rabbits consuming commercial concentrate during the fattening phase on productive performance, carcass, digestive system size and digestibility of the diet. We used 10 rabbits of the New Zealand White breed with 30 d of age that were randomly distributed in the treatments according to a completely Randomized Experimental Design. The treatments consisted of two diets: a control in which concentrate was supplied without Chili and another in which the concentrate of the control treatment was mixed with Chili Powder (20 g kg-1 of concentrate). Feed Chili Powder did not affect live weight (P>0.05), feed intake (P=0.6076), feed conversion rate (P=0.4849), diet digestibility (P>0.05), weight carcass (P=0.5396), weight of different portions of the digestive system (P>0.05), ...

Description of Valuable Genotypes from Germplasm Collection of Hot Peppers Set by Directions of Use

The Genetic, Breeding and Biodiversity Laboratory from Vegetable Research and Development Station Buzau (VRDS Buzău) has a valuable germplasm collection of hot pepper consisting of 200 genotypes structured by their genetic stability. In this study, seven genotypes were characterized from an agro-morphological point of view. The aim of this study was to choose the most valuable genotypes for directions of use as: fresh consumption, chili powder or for pharmaceutical use. The agro-morphological results will be used in the breeding program to obtain new genotypes adapted to the pedoclimatic conditions of Romania.