scholarly journals Vivivary Tests on Mangrove Plants Species Rhizophora apiculata and Avicennia alba Against the Level of Salt Salinity and Tide

BioScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pandu Prabowo Warsodirejo ◽  
Tika Santika ◽  
RA Rina Dian Anggraini ◽  
Widya Sari
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Avicennia Alba ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Culture Development

Indonesia's coastal areas have a large area and potential for mangrove ecosystems. Of the approximately 15,900 million ha of mangrove forests in the world. 27% or 4,293 million ha are in Indonesia. The Sicanang Medan Belawan mangrove forest, North Sumatra Province, is a wetland area which mostly consists of mangrove forests. In the mangrove forest, there are Rhizophora apiculata and Avicennia alba species. Mangroves have unique morphological characters as a form of adaptation to the environment, one of which is the salinity of sea water which is the level of salinity or salt content in seawater. In the mangrove forest of Sicanang Medan Belawan, there are Rhizophora apiculata and Avicennia alba species which have the characteristics of vivivar culture development. From the results of test 1 on the species Rhizopora apiculata, it was found that the highest salinity level at the muddy and sandy station was 30 ppm, and the highest pH was at 7.79, and at a temperature of 29 C. While for Avicennia alba the highest salinity value was obtained at 30.6 ppm, the highest pH was at 7.82. , and temperature at 29.5 C. Based on the results that different zoning could affect yield, the vivivary shape of mangroves also had an effect on yield. salinity affects mangroves to develop, the higher the salinity, the more difficult it is for the seeds to develop

scholarly journals COLONIZATION OF MANGROVE FOREST AT ABANDONED SHRIMP-POND OF SEGARA ANAKAN-CILACAP

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tjut Sugandawaty Djohan
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Shrimp Ponds ◽  
Shrimp Pond ◽  
Mangrove Tree ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Acanthus Ilicifolius ◽  
Avicennia Alba ◽  
Mangrove Trees

During the 1996 to 1997, large areas of mangrove forest in the Segara Anakan were cleared and converted into intensive shrimp-ponds. After one to two years, these shrimp-ponds failed and were abandoned. These abandoned ponds created large gap areas and canopy gaps, which were colonized by mangrove shrub and liana. The Segara Anakan mangrove also experienced heavy siltation, and there were tree cuttings from the remnant of the mangrove trees. This research aimed to study the colonization of mangrove vegetation at the abandoned-shrimp pond. Vegetation data were collected using rectangular plots of 25 m x 25 m with 4 replicates. The water qualities were also studied. The results revealed that the mangrove forests were composed of two layers: canopy tree and floor-vegetation. The gap areas triggered the pioneer species of mangrove shrubs and liana, Acanthus ilicifolius and Derris heterophylla, to colonize and dominate 100% of the mangrove forest floor. The mangrove trees consisted of natural and planted tree species. The natural trees were Sonneratia alba, Avicennia alba, and saplings of Aegiceras corniculatum, which  varied between 56 – 136, 4, and 4 individuals per ha, respectively. The planted trees were Rhizophora apiculata, which amounted to 4 – 12 individuals per ha, at the island of the ponds. These trees and saplings were entangled by the liana mangrove, which disturbed their growth. The A. ilicifolius and D. heterophylla prevented the mangrove tree propagules to grow, and they colonized and characterized those abandoned shrimp-ponds, which threatened the Segara Anakan mangrove ecosystem. 

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS MANGROVE DI DESA MENDALOK KECAMATAN SUNGAI KUNYIT KABUPATEN MEMPAWAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syahrul Muharamsyah ◽  
M Sofwan Anwari ◽  
Hafiz Ardian
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Sonneratia Caseolaris ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Bruguiera Cylindrica

Mangrove forests are unique ecosystems that have ecological, biological and socio-economic functions. The function of mangrove forests on the environment is very important especially in the coastal and oceanic regions. Mangrove forests providers of wood, leaves as raw material for medicines, and natural dye. This study aims to inventory the diversity of species of mangrove vegetation in Mendalok Village, Sungai Kunyit Subdistrict, Mempawah Regency. The benefits of this study are to provide the data on mangrove forest vegetation as basic data for local government and related agencies in efforts to protect and preserve mangrove forests in Mendalok Village, Sungai Kunyit Subdistrict, Mempawah Regency. Inventory the tree in mangrove forest used a line with measured 200 meters. There are 6 lines and the distance between the lines as far as 100 meters. The lines of observation are placed by purposive sampling. The results of research found 11 types of species and consisted of 6 genera. The genera are Avicennia, Bruguiera, Ceriops, Rhizophora, Soneratia and Xylocarpus. The species found were Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera parviflora, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, Sonneratia caseolaris, Xylocarpus mollucensis. Diversity of mangrove species in Mendalok Village, Sungai Kunyit Subdistrict, Mempawah Regency was high and should be maintained for conservation and ecotourism area. Keywords : conservation, ecotourism, mangrove, Mendalok Village

scholarly journals Distribusi Scylla spp. di perairan estuari Sungai Donan Segara Anakan Bagian Timur, Cilacap

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulistiono Sulistiono ◽  
Nurul Musyariafah Yahya ◽  
Etty Riani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Scylla Serrata ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystems ◽  
Avicennia Alba ◽  
Mangrove Crabs

Mangrove forests are ecosystems that make up coastal areas and river estuaries. The examples of mangrove ecosystems found in Indonesia are in Segara Anakan, Central Java. One of the aquatic biota with the economic value found in the mangrove forest ecosystem is the mud crab (Scylla spp.). The purpose of this study was to assess the distribution of mangrove crabs (Scylla spp.) to the presence of mangrove species in the mouth of the Donan River, Segara Anakan. A sampling of crabs and observations of mangrove vegetation were carried out at five stations spread from the river to the sea. The results showed that there were three types of mangrove crabs caught in the vicinity of the study, namely Scylla tranquebarica, S. olivacea, and S. serrata. The types of mangroves found include Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata, Avicennia rumphiana, A. alba, A. officinalis, and Nypa. Regression analysis showed that mangrove density correlated with the abundance of Scylla tranquebarica and Scylla olivacea, but contradicts the abundance of Scylla serrate. PCA analysis showed that the Crab species Scylla tranquebarica and Scylla olivacea were associated with mangroves of Avicennia alba, Avicennia rumphiana, and Rhizophora apiculata. Meanwhile, Scylla serrata crabs are associated with Avicennia officinalis.

scholarly journals Degradation level of mangrove forest and its reduction strategy in Tabongo Village, Boalemo District, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
ABUBAKAR SIDIK KATILI ◽  
MUSTAMIN IBRAHIM ◽  
ZULIANTO ZAKARIA
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Rhizophora Mucronata ◽  
Educational Approach ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Reduction Strategy ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata

Katili AS, Ibrahim M, Zakaria Z. 2017. Degradation level of mangrove forest and its reduction strategy in Tabongo Village, Boalemo District, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. Asian J For 1: 18-22. This research aimed to assess the degradation level of mangrove forest and to develop strategy to reduce the degradation level. The overall research duration was 1 year, focusing on identification of mangrove forests degradation level, exploration of mangrove vegetation structure and preparation for mangrove degradation reduction strategy. The research was located in Tabongo Village, Dulupi Sub-district, Boalemo District, Gorontalo Province. The method used in the research was explorative survey, while the data analysis was done with quantitative descriptive analysis. The collecting method used was point quarter centered meter (PQCM) method. The degradation level of mangrove forest was analyzed by standard criteria of mangrove destruction according to Ministerial Decree of State Minister for The Environment (Kepmen. LH) No. 201 in 2004. Results showed that there are 4 species of mangrove plants in Tabongo Village, Dulupi Sub-district namely Rhizophora apiculata Blume, Rhizophora mucronata Lamk., Ceriops tagal (Perr) C.B.Rob, and Bruguiera which included in the Rhizophoraceae family. Rhizophora apiculata had the highest IVI value at the stage of tree and sapling, while Rhizophora mucronata Lamk had the highest IVI value at the stage of seedling. Tabongo mangrove area was a Scrub or dwarf forest type generally. This type was classified as a typical mangrove found in low edges. The mangrove condition in the coastal area of Tabongo Village, Boalemo, was categorized as broken (TNS1 = 210). While based on Assessment of criticality level of mangrove land based on the way teristris, formula was categorized as not broken (TNS2= 330). The reduction strategy that could be implemented to recover the quality of mangrove areas include (i) the assessment of the importance of the mangrove areas with regard to their ecological and economic value, (ii) quality improvement of mangrove habitat, (iii) educational approach by making the mangrove areas as learning media and source, and (iv) empowerment of people living around the mangrove areas.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Species composition and density of mangrove forest in Kedawang Village, Pasuruan, East Java, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
WAHYU ISRONI ◽  
R ADHARYAN ISLAMY ◽  
MOHAMAD MUSA ◽  
PUTUT WIJANARKO
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Mangrove Vegetation ◽  
Avicennia Alba

Abstract. Isroni W, Islamy RA, Musa M, Wijanarko P. 2019. Short Communication: Species composition and density of mangrove forest in Kedawang Village, Pasuruan, East Java. Biodiversitas 20: 1688-1692. Mangrove is one of ecosystems located in estuary and shallow coastal waters and its existence has a significant role for life. The aim of this study was to identify species composition and density of mangrove forest in Kedawang village, Nguling Sub-district, Pasuruan District, East Java, Indonesia. Survey method using belt transects was carried at three sampling points. Results of this study showed that mangrove vegetation in Kedawang includes five species from three families, namely Avicenniaceae (Avicennia alba and Avicennia marina), Rhizophoraceae (Rhizophora apiculata and Rhizophora mucronata), and Sonneratiace (Sonneratia alba). At sampling point 1, A. alba dominated with a density of 37 individuals/ha at tree level, 380 individuals/ha at pole level and 3100 individuals/ha at stake level. At sampling point 2, the tree level was dominated by A. alba with 142 individuals/ha, while R. mucronata dominated the pole and stake level with 1300 and 1467individuals/ha, respectively. At sampling point 3, the pole and stake level was dominated by A. alba with 167 and 933 individuals/ha respectively, while A. marina dominated the sapling level with 800 individuals/ha. At all stations, the density at stake level is greater than that tree level. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out conservation efforts in the form of protection combined with restoration by enrichment planting at all study locations to increase the diversity and density of mangrove vegetation.

scholarly journals STRUKTUR DEMOGRAFI POPULASI Rhizophora apiculata DI KAWASAN INDUSTRI PERMINYAKAN PROVINSI RIAU

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Syahrial Syahrial ◽  
Dietriech G Bengen ◽  
Tri Prartono ◽  
Bintal Amin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Vegetation Density ◽  
Transect Line ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Mangrove Vegetation

The decline in mangrove vegetation density and the area of mangrove forests in the coastal province of Riau occurred due to the logging of mangrove forests and the conversion of mangrove forests into other uses such as industrial estates. This study aims to collect a database of mangrove ecosystems which includes the ecological structure of R. apiculata in Riau Province. Collecting data of mangrove vegetation condition was done by transect line and plot. The line transect was drawn from the reference point (the outer mangrove stand) with the direction perpendicular to the coastline to the mainland and made plots according to the category. The results showed that the population of R. apiculata was found in large numbers at Station 3 (350 ind) and a small/small amount was found at Station 1 (137 ind). In addition, Stations 1, 2 and 4 have only one grouping population of R. apiculata based on the Bhattacharya method, while Station 3 has two groupings. Furthermore, the highest R. apiculata density for tree category was obtained at Station 4 (1433.33 ind/m2), saplings category at Station 3 (10488.89 ind/m2) and seedlings category at Station 4 (3666667 ind/m2). Furthermore the water temperature ranged from 28.3 – 30.7°C, salinity 27.3 – 31.3, pH 7.3 – 7.9, DO 5.2 – 6.4 and redox potential ranged from 102 – 124 mV. Based on the standard criteria and guidelines for determining mangrove damage according to the Decree of the Minister of Environment No. 201 of 2004, the population density of R. apiculata at the research location is still classified as medium and refers to the Decree of the State Minister of Environment No. 51 of 2004 concerning Sea Water Quality Standards for Marine Biota, as a whole the range of measured water quality parameters is still within tolerance limits for life mangroves.

scholarly journals MANGROVE FOREST EFFECT ON THE COASTLINE IN RANGSANG ISLAND RIAU PROVINCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Paulinus ◽  
Mubarak Mubarak ◽  
Efriyeldi Efriyeldi
Keyword(s):  
Image Data ◽  
Landsat Image ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Xylocarpus Granatum ◽  
Avicennia Alba

The study was conducted in May-June 2019 on Rangsang Island. This study aims to determine the effect of mangrove forests on coastline found on the island of Rangsang in Riau Province. The sampling location was determined by purposive sampling, namely 3 station points, namely Segomeng Village, Tanjung Kedabu Village, and Sungai Gayung Kiri Village. Landsat image data analyzed at the Oceanographic Physics Laboratory of the Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Maritime Affairs, University of Riau. To find out the area of ​​mangroves using Landsad 5 TM satellite imagery and Landsat 8 OLI Tirs imagery and analyzed using Er Mapper Software, Envi 4.5 and Arcgis 10.3. Calculation of the structure of the mangrove community is carried out using the line plot plot method. The results of the analysis of the vast landsat image of mangroves in the coastal areas of Rangsang Island in 1997, 2002, 2007, 2013, 2019 were respectively 11,093 ha, 10,807 ha, 10,393 ha, 10,121 ha and 9,971 ha. Changes in the coastline indicate the occurrence of abrasion and accretion, where the highest abrasion occurs at station three with an average of -7.6 m/year and accretion occurs at station one with an average of 2.68 m / year. Mangrove density at station one is 2266.7 ind / ha and at station two that is 1466.7 ind / ha. Mangrove species found were Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Avicennia alba, Sonneratia ovata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, and Xylocarpus granatum.

scholarly journals Community mapping and vegetational analysis of the mangrove forest in Calabanga, San Miguel Bay, Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 02017
Author(s):  
Agnes Zafe Faustino ◽  
Helen Lonsamia Madela ◽  
Richard Gavina Castor ◽  
Alvin Paredes Muroda ◽  
Marian Nena Parato Chavez
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Illegal Activities ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Philippine Government

Mangrove forests in Philippines have been noted for years to be continuously dwindling in terms of forest cover and diversity. The reasons behind these unfortunate events are the unabated illegal activities in the mangroves albeit the enforcement of laws and policies pertaining to its conservation and rehabilitation. For several decades, the Philippine government had been implementing programs and projects aiming to bring back the once pristine and productive mangrove areas through reforestation of denuded areas in the country. However, assessment is needed to evaluate whether these efforts have positively impacted coastal areas. This paper presents the current vegetational condition of selected reforested mangrove areas in Calabanga, San Miguel Bay, Philippines. Fifty-six (56) quadrats measuring 10x10m were established strategically in four (4) randomly selected rehabilitated mangrove sites. The overall results show that ten (10) mangrove species were recorded and Rhizophora apiculata and Rhizophora mucronata got the highest importance values of 111.59 and 105.96 respectively. This only shows that mono-specific mangrove species were considered during the rehabilitation of the areas set aside the environmental parameters affecting survival rate and the ecological diversity of the mangrove forest. A framework was developed to guide the local government in developing their sustainable mangrove management plan.

ECOLOGICAL INDICATOR AGENTS FOR INORGANIC CONTAMINANTS STATE MONITORING THROUGH SONNERATIA ALBA, AVICENNIA ALBA AND RHIZOPHORA APICULATA

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (30) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashidi Othman ◽  
Razanah Ramya ◽  
Zainul Mukrim Baharuddin ◽  
Khairusy Syakirin Has-Yun Hashim ◽  
Maheran Yaman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Indicator ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Inorganic Contaminants ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Sonneratia Alba ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Avicennia Alba

Mangrove forest ecosystems are threatened by direct impacts such as cutting and pollution due to agricultural, industrialization and urbanization activities. Mangrove forests are often regarded as unpleasant environments with little intrinsic value.  Mangrove forests perform valued regional and site-specific functions. Mangrove species can take up excessive nutrients and also play a crucial role in creating a favourable environment for a variety of chemical, biological and physical processes that contribute to the inorganic removal and degradation of organic compounds. Among the many mangrove species, Sonneratia alba, Avicennia alba and Rhizophora apiculata have been studied for biomonitoring of toxic heavy metals elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb and Mn) in a wide range of plant tissues (roots and leaves) and sediment composition at  three different locations in Negeri Sembilan, west coast of Malaysia. The results established that there were significant differences between the three mangrove species, locations, plant tissues and sediment samples and their interaction for all the five heavy metals content. The findings revealed that leaf tissues for all species accumulated mostly Fe, Zn, Pb and Cu. Interestingly we noticed that different localities will accumulate different type of heavy metals, for instance R. apiculata leaf tissues were detected with higher concentration of Cu and Pb at Kampung Sungai Sekawang whereas in another two sites were detected with Cu, Fe, Zn and Pb. S. alba indicated that the most heavy metals highly accumulated was Zn followed by Pb and Cu at Pasir Panjang. In this study A. alba showed Zn was highly accumulated in leaf tissues at Pasir Panjang. Thus, those three mangrove species appear to have the greatest potential for use as an effective ecological indicator tools as green application for inorganic contaminants monitoring in mangrove ecosystems.

scholarly journals MANGROVE FOREST CONDITION IN PIRU BAY, WEST SERAM, MOLUCCAS

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fasmi Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Forest Condition ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Sonneratia Alba ◽  
The Village

Information on condition and biodiversity of mangrove ecosystem to support a sustainable management of mangrove ecosystem is very important in the coastal region of Eti village, Piru Bay, West Seram, Molluccas. The purposes of this study were to determine the condition and biodiversity of mangrove ecosystem in the village of Eti, Gulf Piru. Filed data collection was conducted in November 2010 using the line transect method. The box size along the transects was made in accordance with its purposes such as 10 x 10 m2 for trees, 5 x 5 m2 for sapling, and 1 x 1 m2 for seed. The distance between the box transect was 25 m. Number of individuals of each species were counted and the diameter at the chest-height was also measured. Results showed that sixteen species were found within ten genera. There were 9 species of tree categories, 10 species of sapling categories, and 8 species of seed categories. The highest density and frequency of occurrence for the three categories was represented by Rhizophora apiculata, while the largest coverage percentage was represented by Sonneratia alba. The highest important value was also represented by Rhizophora apiculata. In general, the condition of mangrove forests in the village of Eti, Piru Bay was still relatively good, but the local community was very active to take advantage of these mangrove forests products such as charcoal, fencing, and wood that they sold every week. Therfore, it is necessary for local government efforts to protect the mangrove ecosystem from destructed activities of the local community.Keywords: mangrove forest, Rhizophora apiculata, Sonneratia alba, Teluk Piru, Molluucas

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