The paper offers a critical review of recently published studies of the factors contributing to a successful transition to indepemdent life by the young in foster care. The review includes research conducted in various cultural contexts, such as the USA, Germany, Norway, Korea, Israel, as well as our own country. Our aim has been to describe the considerable achievents in this field, and point out the importance of those results which have been confirmed in more than a single research – specifically, the crucial role of social support in a successful passage to independent life. In addition to being established as culturally universal, this result has been obtained both in the studies concerned with successful transitions, and those focusing on the difficulties faced by the young people leaving foster care. The review also includes research which adresses the questions of what do the capability and readiness of adolescents to build and rely on social support depend on. In the paper the shortcomings and omissions of the studies examined are also considered and possible perspectives for further research into the complex problems related to leaving foster care are suggested, so that the results of such scientific invetigations might be of greater service in the planning and providing of actual interventions.