KARAKTERISASI SIFAT FISIKA DAN KIMIA CUKA KAYU DARI TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizka Karima
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Wood Vinegar ◽  
And Chemical Properties

There’s so many pal solid waste or palm empty fruit bunches, but the utilization is not maximized, this research its to optimized utilization of palm solid waste to be wood vinegar and want to know the composition physical properties and chemical properties of wood vinegar from palm empty fruit bunches. Total yield of wood vinegar from palm empty fruit bunches its 15,94 % and total yield of charcoal its 64,58 %. GCMS result showing chemical properties from wood vinegar of burning < 100oC its obtained 19 compound and burning >100 oC its obtained 6 compound. The result physichal properties testing from crued wood vinegar its obtained specific gravity 1,0005 and 1,0010, pH value are 3,233 and 3,186, TAT content are 9,36 % and 11,12 %, phenol content its 0,44 %. The result physical properties testing from wood vinegar which has decolorizatin by activated carbon its obtained specific gravity are 0,9987 and 0,999, pH value are 3,036 and 3,012, TAT content are 8,29 % and 9,27 % and phenol content its 0,01 %.Keywords: palm bunches, wood vinegar, liquid smoke

scholarly journals Pengaruh Aplikasi Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Arang Sekam Padi terhadap beberapa Sifat Kimia Tanah pada Tomat

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Fitra Syawal Harahap ◽  
Hilwa Walida ◽  
Rahmaniah Rahmaniah ◽  
Abdul Rauf ◽  
Rosmidah Hasibuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Oil Palms ◽  
And Chemical Properties

<p>The oil palm empty fruit bunches are solid waste produced from the processing of oil palms which have a large amount of potential to be used as compost and are expected to improve the physical, biological and chemical properties of the subsoil. This study aimed to evaluate the best combination between oil palm empty fruit bunches compost and rice husk charcoal on soil chemical properties in tomato. This research was conducted in Sona Village, Labuhanbatu Regency on December 2019-March 2020. Analysis of soil chemical properties was conducted at the Socfindo Seed Production and Laboratories (SSPL) Laboratory of PT. Socfin Indonesia. The study was conducted with a factorial randomized block design with 2 factors. The first factor was the application of oil palm empty bunches which consists of no oil palm empty bunches (control), 0.5 kg/polybag, 0.7 kg/polybag and 1 kg/polybag. The second factor was the application of rice husk charcoal which consists of non-husk charcoal (control), consisting of 0.2 kg/polybag and 0.4 kg/polybag. Data that had a significant effect after analysis of variance continued with DMRT at the level of α = 5%. The results showed that application of oil palm empty fruit bunches (0.7 kg/polybag) significantly increased pH and C-organic. Application of rice husk charcoal (0.2 kg/polybag) significantly increased C-organic and P-available.</p>

scholarly journals Chemical and Physical Properties of Some Hazelnut Varieties Grown in Portugal

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1476
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Ferrão ◽  
Raquel P. F. Guiné ◽  
Elsa Ramalhosa ◽  
Arminda Lopes ◽  
Cláudia Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Induction Time ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Hazelnuts are one of the most appreciated nuts worldwide due to their unique organoleptic and nutritional characteristics. The present work intended to analyse several physical and chemical properties of different hazelnut varieties grown in Portugal, namely Tonda de Giffoni, Grada de Viseu, Segorbe, Longa de Espanha, Butler, Gunslebert, and Negreta. In general, the results revealed statistically significant differences between the varieties under study. The Gunslebert had more elongated hazelnuts and with heavier shelled fruits, while the kernels of the Grada de Viseu revealed to be heavier. Grada de Viseu was harder in the shell, Gunslebert had a harder core, and Segorbe was more resistant to fracture. Fat was the more representative component for all varieties and in some cases the values of moisture and water activity were over the recommended amount (≥0.62). Tonda de Giffoni was the variety with the highest induction time, indicating the highest oxidation stability. Moreover, discriminant analysis revealed that the variables more important to distinguish the varieties were protein (λ = 0.007) and water activity (λ = 0.010). The results of this study help to better understand the differences between some hazelnut varieties that are cultivated in Portugal, which gives important hints for all players in the hazelnut sector.

scholarly journals Effect of Mosses on physical and chemical properties of soil in temperate forests of Garhwal Himalayas

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Anshu Siwach ◽  
Siddhartha Kaushal ◽  
Ratul Baishya
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Garhwal Himalayas ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract Mosses are one of the most important and dominant plant communities, especially in the temperate biome, and play a significant role in ecosystem function and dynamics. They influence the water, energy and element cycle due to their unique ecology and physiology. The present study was undertaken in three different temperate forest sites in the Garhwal Himalayas, viz., Triyuginarayan (Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary (KWLS)), Chakrata, and Kanasar forest range. The study was focused on understanding the influence of mosses on soil physical properties and nutrient availability. Different physico-chemical properties were analysed under two different substrata, that is, with and without moss cover in two different seasons, viz., monsoon and winter. We observed mosses to influence and alter the physical properties and nutrient status of soil in both seasons. All soil physical and chemical properties, except magnesium, showed significant difference within the substrates, among all the sites and across the two seasons. Besides the soil characteristics underneath the moss vegetation, the study also highlights the diversity of mosses found in the area. Mosses appear to create high nutrient microsites via a high rate of organic matter accumulation and retain nutrients for longer periods thus, maintaining ecosystem stability.

Ultrafast photonics applications of zirconium carbide as a novel mode-locker for fiber lasers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sicong Liu ◽  
Ruidong Lv ◽  
Jiang Wang ◽  
Yishan Wang ◽  
Hushan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Fiber Lasers ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Zirconium Carbide ◽  
Ultrafast Photonics ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Zirconium carbide(ZrC), as a novel type of the MXene family, has outstanding physical properties and chemical properties, while the applications of ZrC in ultrafast photonics are still rare. Herein, a...

Evaluation of tendering effect from date seed extract (P. dactalytera) in knuckle part meat

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Maryana Mohamad Nor ◽  
Lukman Ismail ◽  
Siti Nuurul Huda Mohammad Azmin ◽  
Ikhmal Hisham Abdul Halim
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Date Seed ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Cooked Meat

Phoenic dactylifera (date) is a species of flowering plants in the family of Arecaceae. Date seeds are considered as a waste from many processing that produced plants pitted date, confectionery date syrup and date itself. Currently, the seeds are used mainly for animal feed in the cattle and chicken industry. In 2004, about 863,000 tonnes of date seeds are produced out of 6.9 million tonnes date. Tenderness is the major concern that affecting consumer acceptance of beef in meat industry. This study was carried out in order to investigate the effects of the bioactive compound extracted from date seed as a tenderizing agent in meat. Extraction of date seeds used a different method of extraction (Soxhlet and Maceration). The application of extracted on knuckle part of beef were performed and papain was used as a positive control and followed by the sensory evaluation. The analysis of cooked meat was performed in order to analyze the physico-chemical properties of date seeds extract. The result from the study revealed that the aqueous extract (maceration techniques) gave the best percentage of the total yield recovery with 28.44%. The physico-chemical properties of cooked meat showed the reducing of pH value after cooking. Meanwhile for the cooking yield, result showed that almost 86% of water losses during cooking for aqueous extract and positive control and 96% for negative control. According to the sensory evaluation of the cooked meat, scoring test and hedonic test were performed using One Way Anova. The result for texture is 6.10±2.1, juiceness is 5.87±1.76 and taste is 6.80±1.34. All attributes have no significant different at p <0.05 between aqueos extract, and positive control. A general acceptance shows that no significant different between aqueos extract (6.50±2.0) and positive control (7.13±1.98). The result suggested that the tenderization effect of date seed improved the textural properties of knuckle part meat and have potential for tenderization purpose in food industry.

Study of Relative Metallic Character of Noble Metals Cu, Ag and Au at Normal Temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 1019 ◽  
pp. 174-178
Author(s):  
Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Priti Kumari ◽  
Kumar Saurav ◽  
Purushottam Poddar ◽  
Vijay Kumar Verma
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Metallic Character ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The relative metallic character of noble metals, Cu, Ag & Au has been suggested by their physical and chemical properties. Their position in the metallic series is in the neighborhood of that of Li, Mg and Zn. These Metals are inferior of Li, Mg, Zn, Fe, Co and Ni in metallic character. Li, Mg, Zn, Fe, Co and Ni are inferior to Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ca, Ba and Sr. The noble metals have simple metallic character in physical properties at normal temperatures.

Statistical Lengths of Rubberlike Hydrocarbon Molecules

1943 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-485
Author(s):  
Frederick T. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Double Bonds ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Cis And Trans ◽  
Trans Structure ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract It has been known for some time that the pure hydrocarbons of balata (or gutta-percha) and natural rubber have the same chemical composition and chemical properties. Both balata and rubber appear to be polymers of isoprene, (C5H8)n, with the same degree of unsaturation. Their physical properties are sufficiently different, however, to make it clear that their structures must differ in some important respect. Since the molecules contain numerous double bonds, it has been suggested that rubber and balata are geometric isomers. Every fourth bond in a rubber or balata molecule is a double bond, so it follows that the possibilities for geometric isomerism are considerable. It was proposed by Meyer and Mark that natural rubber hydrocarbon has a structure for which the molecular chain is cis with respect to all of the double bonds. Balata (or gutta-percha) is then supposed to have a trans-structure throughout, this view having been verified by Fuller and Bunn. It is the purpose of the present paper to consider, from the point of view of recent theories of rubber elasticity, to what extent these structures explain the differences in physical properties. The method to be employed involves calculation of the root mean square lengths of the cis- and trans-structures, which, when compared to their maximum lengths, should give an indication of their extensibilities. In 1932 Eyring treated the problem of the average square length of a hydrocarbon chain. In the present paper a different derivation of Eyring's equation is given (for illustrative purposes), after which this derivation will be extended to the rubberlike molecules with double bonds.

The Preparation of a New Type of Pectin Capsules Replacing Gelatin Capsuales

2014 ◽  
Vol 541-542 ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
Wen Jin Zhou ◽  
Ying Zhuo ◽  
Yi Dan Cui ◽  
Chao Jin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Gelatin Capsules ◽  
New Type ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This document discusses the physical properties and chemical properties of pectin capsules, which are extracted from waste peel, and make compare between pectin capsules and the gelatin capsules from the current market.

scholarly journals Effects of Continuous Cropping of Dictyophora on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties, Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 214-220
Author(s):  
Long Tong ◽  
◽  
Hongyan Li ◽  
Xiaoming Liu ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The One ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The continuous obstacle of Dictyophora indusiata has become the one of the main factors affecting the healthy development of D. indusiata industry. In order to study the effects of continuous cropping of D. indusiata on the soil environment, four treatments were used in this study: no planted (CK), planted for 1 years (1Y), continuous cropping for 2 years (2Y) and continuous cropping for 3 years (3Y), to determined of the yield of D. indusiata, soil physical and chemical properties, microbial content and enzyme activity. The results showed that the yield and soil pH value decreased with the increase of continuous cropping years, and the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium, C/N and C/P also increased with the increase of continuous cropping years. Soil availability decreased with the increase of continuous cropping years, the content of alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium decreased by 12.25%, 28.91% and 24.86% at 3Y compared with 1Y, respectively. The biomass of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi and the total amount of microorganism in soil increased at 1Y compared with CK, but with the increase of continuous cropping years, the biomass of bacteria and actinomycetes and the total amount of microorganism decreased significantly, while the biomass of fungi increased significantly; the continuous cropping of D. indusiata also decreased the value of bacteria/fungi in soil. The enzyme activities of the soil were higher than those of the unplanted plots, however, the activities of urease, catalase, peroxidase, sucrase, phosphatase and protease decreased with the increase of continuous cropping years. In a word, with the increase of continuous cropping, the acidity of rhizosphere soil increased, the availability of soil nutrients and the activity of soil enzymes decreased, the biomass of soil microorganisms, bacteria and actinomycetes decreased. However, the increase of fungal biomass led to the decline of soil texture.

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