scholarly journals FLOWERING CYCLE OF CHUSQUEA MOLLIS L.G. CLARK (MAGNIFOLIAE, CHUSQUEINAE, BAMBUSAE) IN THE VENEZUELAN ANDES

Ciencia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Francisca Ely
Keyword(s):  
Growth Form ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Flowering Pattern ◽  
Single Population ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Age Diversity ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Woody Bamboos ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Juvenile Plants

Flowering cycles are poorly understood in the majority of woody bamboos, since their frequency and duration may vary according their growth-form and distribution across latitude and altitude ranges. Tropical Andean bamboos are known for combining gregarious (asynchronic) and asynchronic flowering events; the main objective of this study was to determine the flowering pattern of Chusquea mollis Swallen) L.G. Clark (= Neurolepis mollis Swallen), a monocarpic, native bamboo that grows in the subparamos and paramos of Venezuela and Colombia. The chronology of flowering events of this species was based on the revision of herbarium specimens, online databases and the occurrence of flowering events in two populations of the Cordillera de Mérida, Venezuela. Taking in account that age diversity may also contribute to identify flowering patterns in bamboo populations, we performed a survey of a single population located in the Páramo La Aguada. Our results suggest that C. mollis combines gregarious and asynchronic flowering cycles, after a relatively short vegetative period (5-7 years). The census conducted in a single population of La Aguada revealed the co-existence of plantlets, juvenile plants, vegetative, reproductive and post-reproductive adults, of which the juvenile were the most numerous group.

A new rare species of Acacia from north-east Victoria

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Bartolome ◽  
Neville G. Walsh ◽  
Elizabeth A. James ◽  
Pauline Y. Ladiges
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Study ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Single Population ◽  
Acacia Species ◽  
North East ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Root Suckering ◽  
Two Populations

A new, rare wattle, Acacia daviesii sp. nov., known from only 10 populations discovered in mountainous, subalpine habitat in north-eastern Victoria, is described and illustrated. A comparative morphological study was undertaken, based on phyllode characters measured from all 10 known populations and herbarium specimens of the five most similar Acacia species: A. acinacea, A. aspera, A. glandulicarpa, A. gunnii and A. paradoxa. The new species has a pendulous habit and resinous phyllodes covered by stalked multicellular glands. Acacia daviesii forms clones by root suckering and seed set appears to be rare. Isozyme analysis based on nine enzyme systems showed that plants within any single population are genetically identical. Variation was detected between all but two populations with only nine known genotypes in an area of 12 km2.

Myrcia (Myrtaceae) in the state of Paraná, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 486 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-105
Author(s):  
LAURA C. DE LANNOY ◽  
AYRTON I. DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
RENATO GOLDENBERG ◽  
DUANE F. LIMA
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Northern Limit ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Taxonomic Descriptions ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Doubtful Species

Myrtaceae is one of the largest families in number of species within the order Myrtales and one of the richest families in Brazil. Myrcia is the fourth largest genus of Myrtaceae, with approximately 770 species distributed from Central America and the Caribbean to southern South America. In Brazil Myrcia is represented by 397 species, of which 309 are endemic. In this study, we present the taxonomic treatment for all species of Myrcia that occur in Paraná state, Brazil. Analyses of herbarium specimens, online databases, and bibliography were performed. Fifty-three species of Myrcia occur in Paraná, distributed in all vegetation types. Twenty-three names were excluded from previous lists of species or listed as doubtful species. Neither of the recorded species is endemic to Paraná, but this state is the southern and northern limit of distribution of six and two species, respectively. We present an identification key, taxonomic descriptions, figures, maps, and comments on phenology, habitat, and morphology for each species.

Intrinsic and measured statistics of discrete stochastic populations

2008 ◽  
Vol 464 (2099) ◽  
pp. 2929-2948 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.E French ◽  
K.I Hopcraft ◽  
E Jakeman ◽  
T.J Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Technique ◽  
Statistical Properties ◽  
Single Population ◽  
Quantum Phenomena ◽  
Two Populations

The notion that the nature of a measurement is critical to its outcome is usually associated with quantum phenomena. In this paper, we show that the observed statistical properties are also a function of the measurement technique in the case of simple classical populations. In particular, the measured and intrinsic statistics of a single population may be different, while correlation and transfer of individuals between two populations may be hidden from the observer.

A European warm waters neophyte Shinnersia rivularis — new alien species to the Slovak flora

Biologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavol Eliáš ◽  
Michal Hájek ◽  
Petra Hájková
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Thermal Spring ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Single Population ◽  
A Site ◽  
Two Populations

AbstractShinnersia rivularis is reported as a new alien species of the Slovak flora. The species was found in the catchment water of a thermal spring at a site in Partizánske, part Veľké Bielice (West Slovakia) in 2002. In the year of discovery, plants formed single population of about 30 square metres of water surface of the canal discharging warm water from the spa. Two populations covering the area ca 90 square meters were found in 2007. A brief description of the species is given and its distribution in Central Europe is reviewed. So far, the species has been reported from only three localities in Central Europe, which are distributed in three countries: Austria, Hungary and Germany.

scholarly journals Heteroplasmy variability in individuals with biparentally inherited mitochondrial DNA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Slone ◽  
Weiwei Zou ◽  
Shiyu Luo ◽  
Eric S Schmitt ◽  
Stella Maris Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Single Cell Level ◽  
Biparental Inheritance ◽  
Cell Level ◽  
Single Population ◽  
Parent Of Origin ◽  
Two Populations

ABSTRACTWith very few exceptions, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in humans is transmitted exclusively from mothers to their offspring, suggesting the presence of a strong evolutionary pressure favoring the exclusion of paternal mtDNA. We have recently shown strong evidence of paternal mtDNA transmission. In these rare situations, males exhibiting biparental mtDNA appear to be limited to transmitting just one of the mtDNA species to their offspring, while females possessing biparental mtDNA populations consistently transmit both populations to their offspring at a very similar heteroplasmy level. The precise biological and genetic factors underlying this unusual transmission event remain unclear. Here, we have examined heteroplasmy levels in various tissues among individuals with biparental inheritance. Our results indicate that individuals with biparental mtDNA have remarkable inter-tissue variability in heteroplasmy level. At the single-cell level, paternal mtDNA heteroplasmy in sperm varies dramatically, and many sperm possess only one of the two mtDNA populations originally in question. These results show a fundamental, parent-of-origin difference in how mtDNA molecules transmit and propagate. This helps explain how a single population of mtDNAs are transmitted from a father possessing two populations of mtDNA molecules, suggesting that some mtDNA populations may be favored over others when transmitted from the father.

scholarly journals Rediscovery of the endangered lichen Pseudocyphellaria aurata (Lobariaceae, Ascomycota) in mainland Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. e099
Author(s):  
Ibai Olariaga ◽  
Graciela Paz-Bermúdez ◽  
Javier Calvo ◽  
Javier Etayo ◽  
María Prieto
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Two Populations

Lichens, as well as other organisms, should be considered important biodiversity components for the establishment of priorities in conservation biology. In this study, we report six new recent localities of the highly endangered, epiphytic macrolichen Pseudocyphellaria aurata in Spain: two in Navarra and four in A Coruña. Previous Spanish reports based on literature and herbarium specimens suggest a reduction of the distribution area of P. aurata and local extinction. Pseudocyphellaria aurata is known to be extinct in six localities, where it has not been observed since the middle of the 19th century (Cádiz, Pontevedra, Málaga). Four records reported for central Spain (Zaragoza, Salamanca, Teruel) are considered unplausible. The newly discovered populations are located in well-preserved patches of atlantic deciduous forest with strong oceanic influence, whose long-term ecological stability seems evident because of the presence of ancient trees. Nevertheless, these populations are small, fragmentary, and are threatened by habitat degradation, forestry and maybe fungal pathogens. Two populations, Intzola and Beba (Navarra and A Coruña, respectively), account for 75.7% of thalli. The localities with the highest number of trees colonized by P. aurata are Santa Leocadia and Beba in A Coruña. We reassessed the conservation status of this species concluding that conservation initiatives must be implemented to avoid its extinction in mainland Spain.

scholarly journals REPRESENTATIVES OF THE VITALBAE PRANTL. SUB-SECTION OF CLEMATIS L. GENUS IN THE COLLECTION OF THE SOUTHURAL BOTANICAL GARDEN–INSTITUTE OF UFRC OF THE RAS

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
R. A. Bilalova ◽  
◽  
V. P. Putenikhin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Assessment ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Preliminary Estimate ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Federal Research

Results of the introduction researches of 5 species of Clematis in a collection of lianas of South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of Ufa Federal Research Centre are presented in article. According to phenological observations in 9 years (2007–2015) integrated assessment of introduction perspectives and introduced stability of clematises is given. The scale developed by P.I. Lapin and S.V. Sidneva for wood plants is used for assessment of introduction perspectives. Preliminary estimate of introduction stability is carried out according to a scale of N.V. Trulevich. Extent of ripening of shoots, winter hardiness, preservation of growth form, shoot-formation ability, generative development, ability to reproduction in culture were estimated. All species are characterized by stability of rhythmic processes and their fitness to local climatic conditions. Duration of the vegetative period consists of 5,5 months. Duration of flowering of C. ligusticifolia is more than 2,5 months, C. gouriana is more than 2 month, C. apiifolia, C. fargesii and C. brevicaudata is not less than 1,5 months. In accordance with the scale of introduction stability, all the studied species belong to the perspective group of II (80-85 points). All the species under investigation can be used in green landscaping in different regions of the South Urals.

scholarly journals A taxonomic evaluation of the Thesium confine species complex (Santalaceae)

Bothalia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kagiso S. Mashego ◽  
M. Marianne Le Roux
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
African Species ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
The Family

Background: Thesium L. is the largest genus in the family Santalaceae (sandalwood family). The last taxonomic revision of the southern African species dates back to 1925. An urgent revision of the genus is required as indicated in a recent national biosystematics research strategy for South Africa.Objectives: To revise the Thesium confine species complex (Thesium durum, T. confine and Thesium spartioides) and to update the typification, nomenclature, descriptions and distribution ranges.Method: Morphological characters were studied using own field collections as well as herbarium specimens from K, NU, PRE and PRU and images on Global Plants (JSTOR). Distribution ranges of the studied species were updated.Results: An examination of morphological characters revealed great similarity between T. spartioides and T. confine. Both species have an herbaceous habit, decumbent growth form, terminal (or less frequently axillary) inflorescences and a sympatric northern distribution in South Africa. Thesium durum differs from T. spartioides and T. confine in having a shrubby habit, erect growth form and axillary inflorescences and occurs in the southern part of South Africa.Conclusion: Thesium spartioides is synonymised under T. confine, and T. durum is retained as a separate species.

The Kiandra leek orchid is the previously presumed extinct mignonette leek orchid (Orchidaceae; Orchidoideae): evidence from morphological comparisons

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 528 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-83
Author(s):  
BRONWYN M. AYRE ◽  
TOBIAS HAYASHI ◽  
RYAN D. PHILLIPS ◽  
NOUSHKA REITER
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Single Population ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Herbarium Collections

Prasophyllum morganii (Orchidaceae), the mignonette leek orchid, was first collected from a single population in the subalps of Victoria, Australia, in 1929 but has not been collected since 1933. A morphologically similar leek orchid, P. retroflexum, was described in 2000 from Kosciuszko National Park, New South Wales, Australia. We measured 51 morphological traits on 14 field collected and 13 herbarium specimens of P. retroflexum, and six historical herbarium collections of P.  morganii. In addition, we conducted a comparison of the types of both species with the field and herbarium specimens. Multivariate analyses were undertaken using 35 characters, and an ordination performed on range-standardised data. Results show no morphological differences between specimens identified as P. morganii and P. retroflexum, and we conclude they are conspecific.

Begonia benitotanii (section Petermannia, Begoniaceae) a new species endemic to the Philippine island of Bucas Grande

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 513 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264
Author(s):  
ROSARIO RIVERA RUBITE ◽  
ROCHELLE YONGQUE BRILLANTES ◽  
DANILO N. TANDANG ◽  
CECILIA B. MORAN ◽  
MARK GREGORY Q. RULE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Philippine Island ◽  
Living Plant ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
A New Species

In 2011 and later in a 2018 field survey, an unknown Begonia species allied to taxa in section Petermannia was found in Bucas Grande Island. After thorough studies of the living plant, literature, and herbarium specimens we name the new species Begonia benitotanii, to honor Dr. Benito C. Tan, the internationally known Filipino muscologist. In 2011, there were two populations observed, each of about 300 individuals in a 100 m area. During recent fieldwork, one population was found decimated while the other was reduced to just about 50 individuals. The site is being converted into coconut, banana, and rice plantations. The area is not currently protected under the country’s National Integrated Protected Areas System by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources. According to the IUCN red list categories and criteria, B. benitotanii is hereby proposed to be placed under the Critically Endangered (CR) category.

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