The museum as a cultural universal

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Alina A. Kildyusheva

In the era of the information society and postmodern culture, the concept of cultural heritage has changed, the discourse on the meaning and prospects of the museum has been updated. The relevance of addressing the study of the fundamental cultural foundations of the museum phenomenon is associated with crisis phenomena in culture; modern global problems of mankind stimulate the formation of new cultural universals. Despite the large number of museological literature, from a philosophical point of view, the problem of the museum was rarely considered. The sociocultural significance of the museum is obvious, but the question of its essence remains open - the abundance of museological and cultural definitions of the museum does not add clarity. The work raises the question of the possibility of analyzing the phenomenon of the museum through the problems of universals, worldview universals.

Author(s):  
Tatyana Ya. Kuznetsova

On the All-Russian Scientific Seminar “Preservation of Document Cultural Heritage in the Information Society” held within the framework of the 7th International Library Philosophy School on September, 14—16, 2010.


Author(s):  
Francisca Fernández ◽  
Lourdes Canós-Darós ◽  
Cristina Santandreu-Mascarell

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Marius-Ioan Mihut

After the Second World War, Japan knew significantly accelerated economic development. This process was influenced by a series of factors such as the economic system’s opening, the introduction of innovation and technology, the investment in equipment, or the democratization of economy and politics. The doctrine of Nipponism is based on certain fundamental pillars. We mention three of the main theories, whose essential elements are described within this paper: technocracy theory, central management theory, and information society theory. These theories are approached both from a historical point of view and through the leading promoters’ prism and the defining elements that compose the particular theory.


X ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Cattaneo ◽  
Laura Baratin

The castle Colonna of Arnara: from the restoration of the monument to the enhancement of the ancient village and its territoryThe castle of Arnara, is located in Ciociaria in southern Lazio, in what was once the feud of the Conti of Ceccano. For the territory it is the most important monumental complex of medieval architecture. In fact, despite its small size, it is one of the few examples of fortified architecture still original in its essential lines. This castle represents an exceptional case of sedimentation and stratification, which even today, from its reading, allows us to reconstruct both its historical events and those related to the urban development of the adjacent historic village. Moreover it can be considered of priority importance also from the urbanistic point of view because it represents the first historical nucleus of Arnara. Unfortunately, today, the castle is in a bad state of conservation. With the passing of time its conditions have become more and more aggravated also because of the complex events linked to the various passages of property, of private and public nature, which have strongly influenced the management of the monument. The study of the castle of Arnara is part of the national and international debate that considers participation a key factor for the sustainable enhancement of the cultural heritage, because it promotes greater awareness of its social and economic value. The objective of the research work is to develop, taking the castle as a case study, a new approach that sees cultural heritage (tangible and intangible) as an irreplaceable heritage of knowledge and as a precious resource for economic growth, employment and social cohesion; therefore a cultural heritage seen as a driving force. In the specific case of Colonna Castle, attention has been focused on the importance of being able to activate virtuous circles around this very important place of culture, enhancing its role as a centre of knowledge and incubator of creativity and social innovation.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor Moreno - Mendoza ◽  
Agustín Santana - Talavera ◽  
José Molina - González

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to affirm that it is possible to segment visitors of cultural heritage into homogeneous groups according to a series of characteristics to detect the variables that have statistical significance to identify visitor clusters.Design/methodology/approachFour case studies were selected, where a total of 500 questionnaires were made to visitors. The authors proceeded with cluster analysis using SPSS software to differentiate visitor segments. Four groups of visitors were first identified and which have subsequently been reduced to three, according to several factors.FindingsThe main contributions of this paper are: (1) the segment to which each one of the determinants of the cultural tourism product is dedicated; (2) the variable object of the analysis, i.e. the formation of visitor segments; and (3) the inclusion of less studied variables such as type of accommodation contracted, treatment offered in the museums or entrance price.Research limitations/implicationsThe analysis has been developed in different museums, with different management models, in a specific place. However, the results are generalizable to other places and to other institutions that manage cultural heritage. The implications are management strategies for a sustainable cultural development in institutions of tourism and heritage.Practical implicationsFrom a practical point of view, the results are useful for cultural managers, travel agencies, tour operators, tourism companies or political offices, among others, because they generate new ideas and strategies focused on maximizing the use of the resources of cultural institutions.Social implicationsFor both local and non-local agents, the knowledge of the factors that make up the groups of visitors in the heritage sites represents a strategy in aspects of marketing, promotion and distribution, thus generating capacities for the different intermediaries, and the possibility of negotiating lower prices with better benefits. It is also possible to create new products destined for other publics.Originality/valueThe study is original because this has not been published.


Author(s):  
Aysu Altaş

Technology has penetrated every aspect of life and it proceeds with the aim of facilitating people's lives. Geographical information systems as a part of the developing technology provide services in every area with different forms. One of these areas is museology. The desire to make visual and written information and cultural heritage that are presented by museums with auditory and interactive experiences has brought together digital technologies and cultural and historical activities. From this point of view, the “Müze Asist” is a remarkable application in terms of the fact that it is a local app and in use in most of the museums in Turkey and the convenience provided for all tourists who want to visit a museum, especially for those who prefer self-guided tours. This chapter may be a guide to its objects and to the next researchers.


1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-175
Author(s):  
Laura Domanico

The study examines the Italian legislation on the cultural heritage and the environment, and points out the cultural gaps from the point of view of the definition and comprehension of these matters, and the delays surrounding the management of the cultural heritage in the territory. While theoretical debate on the environment in Italy has received a strong impulse in recent years, the cultural heritage continues to be governed by generally outdated laws of an essentially restrictive and punitive nature. The environment and cultural heritage are also seen by the Italian legislation as two separate entities, with negative consequences at the level of the protection, safeguarding and evaluation of the heritage. The study also puts forward a unified, dynamic view of the human environment (the interaction between human beings and the environment), which includes both the visible and invisible landscapes, the latter existing concealed beneath the surface. The proposed concept of the subsoil is that of a structured universe, in whose understanding and interpretation archaeology plays a determining role. By protecting and safeguarding only what ‘we can see’, i.e. the environmental and historic landscape above the soil, the law forgets that this is nothing other than the product of a series of partial landscapes fossilized and stratified in the course of time. By seeking out a new definition of the human environment, the study advances a conception that takes into account continuing transformations while not excluding an intuitive and emotional approach.


Author(s):  
Paolo Ardizzone ◽  
Pier C. Rivoltella

The goal of this chapter is to describe the main transformations of our Information Society and to show how these kinds of transformations are changing teaching roles in schools and universities. Particularly, the focus is on teachers and tutors in on line education: the first ones are gradually passing from the “sage on the stage” to the “guide on the side” (of the learner) and understanding that their job is no longer individual, because their activities are much more staff activities; the second ones are really important because the learner, in an online environment, needs more than in presence to be helped from the cognitive and emotive point of view. The chapter provides a description of the main activities of these professionals: organization, knowledge and experience sharing, and evaluation. In conclusion, we try to indicate some problems whose importance decision makers should consider.


2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-172
Author(s):  
Egbert Schroten

After some introductory remarks and after some comments on the contributions in this thematic issue, I am playing with the word ‘relativity’, in order to show that human enhancement is only relatively new, that some claims in this area (for instance those of the so-called Transhumanists) should be put into perspective, that human enhancement should be seen in relation to (the far-reaching impact on) society, in relation to global problems such as climate change, food and water, and in relation to religious belief(s), since technology is the incarnation of our hopes, desires and ideals. From a Christian point of view, it would be interesting to relate human enhancement to concepts like resurrection of the body, kenosis, theiosis, sin and imago Dei.


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