Federal Territories as the Innovation of the Policy of Spatial Development in the Russian Federation

Author(s):  
Ye.M. Buchwald
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 2410-2426
Author(s):  
A.N. Savrukov ◽  
N.T. Savrukov

Subject. This article examines the set of economic relations and problems emerging within the spatial development of settlements and constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Objectives. The article aims to develop key indicators and methods for assessing transport accessibility, potential market capacity, taking into account socio-economic characteristics, geographical location and the level of connectivity of areas. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of economic, statistical analysis and synthesis, comparison, and the k-means method. Results. The article proposes a system of cost-benefit equations for economic agents, and criteria, and a methodology for assessing the Transport Accessibility Index. Based on the clustering of Russian subjects by k-means, the article describes four groups of regions by level of transport accessibility. Conclusions and Relevance. The practical use of the approach presented to assess the Transport Accessibility Index will help form the basis for management decisions aimed at improving efficiency in the planning of spatial development and assessing the socio-economic effects of the proposed measures. The developed Transport Accessibility Index should be used as part of the analysis and monitoring of the effectiveness of infrastructure expenditures affecting changes in the transport accessibility of settlements within individual regions (municipalities).


2020 ◽  
pp. 187-195
Author(s):  
D.А. Artemenko ◽  
E.N. Yalunina ◽  
Е.А. Panfilova ◽  
T.Yu. Sinyuk ◽  
T.N. Prokopets

Author(s):  
Ренат Зинурович Усеев

Раздел 8 Концепции развития уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации на период до 2030 года предусмотрел создание в структуре российской пенитенциарной системы учреждений уголовно-исполнительной системы объединенного типа. Первое такое учреждение начнет свою работу в 2024 г. Автором на уровне гипотезы предлагается рассмотреть основные вопросы, связанные со становлением и развитием учреждений уголовно-исполнительной системы объединенного типа. В связи с этим в настоящей статье рассмотрены три основополагающих направления развития данных учреждений: пространственное развитие, законодательство, правоприменение. Каждый из указанных аспектов проанализирован автором с точки зрения как проблем, так и предполагаемых путей их решения. Цель работы - на основе исследования географии исправительных учреждений, уголовно-исполнительного законодательства РФ и правоприменительной деятельности показать основные проблемы, связанные с развитием учреждений уголовно-исполнительной системы объединенного типа, и возможные пути их решения. Среди проблем показаны проблемы территориального (пространственного) размещения учреждений объединенного типа, законодательства и правоприменения вновь создаваемых учреждений. Методами исследования в научной статье явились универсальные методы (анализ и синтез, индукция и дедукция, аналогия и моделирование); эмпирические методы (обобщение, классификация); теоретические методы (идеализация, абстрагирование, гипотетико-дедуктивный метод) и др. Выводы и результаты работы определяются достижением ее целей. Section 8 of the Concept for the Development of the Penitentiary System of the Russian Federation for the Period up to 2030 provided for the creation of a unified type of penal institutions in the structure of the Penal System of Russia. The first institution such type will begin its work in 2024. The author at the hypothesis level analyses the main issues related to the formation and development of institutions of the unified penal system. In this regard, the author considers three fundamental areas of development of the institutions under consideration: spatial development, legislation, law enforcement. Each of these projects was analyzed by the author in terms of both problems and suggested ways to solve them. The purpose of the work is to show on the basis of a study of the geography of correctional institutions, penal enforcement legislation of the Russian Federation and law enforcement activities the main problems associated with the development of penal correction institutions of a unified type and possible ways to solve them. Among the problems are the problems of territorial (spatial) placement of institutions of a unified type, legislation and enforcement of newly created institutions. The research methods in the scientific article were universal methods (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy and modeling); empirical methods (synthesis, classification); theoretical methods (idealization, abstraction, hypothetical-deductive method) and others. The conclusions and results of the work are determined by the achievement of its goals.


2018 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 04003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Meerovich

The article criticizes the strategy of spatial development of Russia, legally stated in the government document “The Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030. A Draft Concept”, released by the Ministry of Economic Development (2016). The author argues that the Strategy only states the existing situation, but does not enumerate a set of measures that are to be undertaken to strengthen the possibility of implementing any development scenario, and does not outline the ways of making assumptions a reality. The paper proves that the postulates of the Soviet settlement doctrine and urban planning theory still deeply impact the contemporary theory and practice of territorial planning.


2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-363
Author(s):  
V. N. Leksin ◽  
B. N. Porfiriev

Purpose: the purpose of the research is to evaluate proposals on the formation of a fundamentally new support and zonal structure for managing the development of the Russian Arctic and related changes in the regulatory and legal support for this development.Methods: research is carried out with the use of interdisciplinary methodologies which integrate specific tools of research of economic, sociological, political science, ecological, legal and other issues of spatial systems’ functioning.Results: there is an active modernization in the production, infrastructure and defense spheres on the territory of the Russian Arctic, the accelerated development of which can be considered a prerequisite for solving the social and economic problems of the integrated development of the whole macroregion. At the same time, the gradual modernization of the institutional and legal bases for the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF) began. An additional impetus was given to it by the adoption of Decree №1064 of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 31, 2017 on a new state program for the development of the Arctic that made significant adjustments to earlier decisions on public administration and legal support for the development of the Russian Arctic.Conclusions and relevance: the authors showed that one of the main reasons for the slow implementation of the justifiably ambitious intentions of the country's leadership on the complex socio-economic re-development of the Russian Arctic was the underestimation of the importance of modernizing the institutional and legal bases for the re-development of the Russian Arctic. The modernization of the institutional and legal bases of spatial development is becoming an important factor in the stable functioning of not only the state, regions and municipalities, but also for the implementation of any investment projects. The data on innovations in the structure of the institutes and legal regulators of the development of the Russian Arctic confirms the undoubtedly positive potential for modernizing the institutional and legal bases for the spatial development of the Russian Arctic and the need for experimental verification of the decisions taken so that that potential could be fully realized. 


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