Leap-frogging the Urban-Poor to a High Income Economy: A Case Study From a Developing Country

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahendhiran Nair ◽  
Santha Vaithilingam
Keyword(s):  
Urban Poor ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
National Development ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Klang Valley ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Poor Communities

Urban-poverty is a major concern for policy-makers in the developing world. If measures are not taken to address urban-poverty, it will result in growing social problems, which can lead to economic and political instability. It is widely recognized that ICT is a leap-frogging technology that can close the knowledge-divide and income gap between the ‘haves’ and ‘have-nots’. In this study, we examine if ICT diffusion can improve the income level of urban-poor communities in Malaysia. Three types of ICT were considered in this study, namely mobile phones, computers and internet. The study was conducted using survey data for 434 respondents from selected urban-poor communities in the Klang Valley region in Malaysia. The empirical analysis showed that all three ICTs enhanced the income level of this marginalised community. This provides evidence that ICT diffusion strategies should be an integral part of national development plans to address urban-poverty in developing countries.

Enabling Democratic Local Governance through Rural E-Municipalities in Kyrgyzstan

2013 ◽  
pp. 34-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zamira Dzhusupova
Keyword(s):  
Local Governance ◽  
Real Life ◽  
National Development ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Development Context

This chapter presents a case study on rural e-municipalities in Kyrgyzstan as an enabling tool for facilitating and supporting democratic local governance. The authors examine the case based on their action research and discuss key findings in terms of challenges of implementing and sustaining ICT-enabled local governance observed throughout the life cycle of the real life project. The case presentation is guided by the conceptual framework built on an extensive literature review. Key findings and lessons drawn from this case study can guide policy makers and practitioners in other developing countries in designing and implementing similar initiatives with careful consideration of national development context, enabling political, administrative, and legal environment, governance structure and decentralization policies, institutional framework, and strength of rural municipalities and local communities. This chapter’s possible contribution to research includes improving understanding of the implementation and sustainability issues of rural e-municipality as one of the critical e-governance initiatives at the grassroots level.

Single mothers coping with food insecurity in a Nairobi slum

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 004209802096384
Author(s):  
Sangeetha Madhavan ◽  
Shelley Clark ◽  
Sara Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Single Mothers ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Intangible Resources ◽  
Sub Saharan

With high urbanisation rates, cities in sub-Saharan Africa are contending with food insecurity. Urban studies scholars have approached the issue mainly from the perspective of food deserts. We adapt Sen’s ‘resource bundles’ and Watts and Bohles’s ‘space of vulnerability’ concepts to examine food insecurity as a function of both tangible and intangible resources. Moreover, we also interrogate the role of kin in strengthening safety nets for the urban poor. Drawing on a data set of 462 single mothers in a slum in Nairobi, Kenya, we find that (1) bundles comes in four types; (2) bundles with high levels of all resources buffer against food insecurity as do (3) bundles weighted with high levels of wealth and social standing; and (4) kin enhance the protective effect of bundles only for two types. These findings should direct urban poverty researchers to consider the compounding effect of resources in the reproduction of poverty and social inequality and encourage policy makers to focus on both vulnerability and resilience in designing interventions to ensure food security.

scholarly journals Who Participates in Popular Feasts and Festivals? An Empirical Approach from Cultural Economics Applied to the Carnival of Barranquilla (Colombia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 79-103
Author(s):  
Aaron Espinosa Espinosa ◽  
Luis Palma Martos ◽  
Luis Aguado Quintero
Keyword(s):  
Choice Model ◽  
Context Variables ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Individual Decisions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Perception Survey ◽  
Individual Participation

The empirical analysis of individual participation in local and popular feasts and festivals is a field little explored by cultural economists. This article proposes a methodological scheme to analyse the profile of the participants in local and popular feasts and carnivals, allowing the establishment of a taxonomy that captures the heterogeneity of the participants replicable to other festivities and carnivals around the world. Similarly, participation equations that allow the analysis of the influence of context variables on individual decisions to participate in these types of events are estimated. For this, the Carnival of Barranquilla, the largest and most representative popular celebration in Colombia and declared by UNESCO as Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, is used as a case study. The data were obtained from the Citizen Perception Survey of the Barranquilla Cómo Vamos programme, which evaluates the quality of life and the fulfilment of development plans in that city, and an empirical strategy is employed consisting of the estimation of a probit discrete choice model, which allows modelling the individual decisions of a time-intensive good, such as a carnival, with a strong influence of traditional variables, such as cultural capital and the availability of leisure time, and other context variables: location of people in the territory, stratification and poverty. The different profiles found offer information on the different strategies that can be implemented from public policy to stimulate greater participation by the population in popular festivities and festivals.

scholarly journals Post-Disaster Relocation of Urban Coastal Communities in the Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Ginbert Permejo Cuaton
Keyword(s):  
Urban Poor ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Great Consideration ◽  
Relocation Assistance ◽  
Field Works ◽  
Post Disaster

This paper examines the super typhoon Haiyan disaster as a case study that demonstrates the full complexity of multidimensional challenges, vulnerabilities, and adaptation needs of urban coastal communities at high risk of future impacts. Anchored on the Coastal Relocation Potential framework developed by Bukvic, Smith, and Zhang (2015), this qualitative research gathered data using a combination of desk research and field works in three urban coastal villages of Tacloban City highly devastated by Haiyan. Results showed that residents in urban coastal communities consider the following factors in deciding to relocate or not: a) household level socio-economic factors, b) psychosocial and physical impacts, c) post-disaster recovery concerns, and d) relocation assistance support needs. The study argues that policy-makers need proper planning, participatory consultation and great consideration to the socio-economic impacts it will cause to coastal dwellers, majority of which is urban-poor families.

Enabling Democratic Local Governance through Rural E-Municipalities in Kyrgyzstan

2015 ◽  
pp. 1009-1033
Author(s):  
Zamira Dzhusupova
Keyword(s):  
Local Governance ◽  
Real Life ◽  
National Development ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Development Context

This chapter presents a case study on rural e-municipalities in Kyrgyzstan as an enabling tool for facilitating and supporting democratic local governance. The authors examine the case based on their action research and discuss key findings in terms of challenges of implementing and sustaining ICT-enabled local governance observed throughout the life cycle of the real life project. The case presentation is guided by the conceptual framework built on an extensive literature review. Key findings and lessons drawn from this case study can guide policy makers and practitioners in other developing countries in designing and implementing similar initiatives with careful consideration of national development context, enabling political, administrative, and legal environment, governance structure and decentralization policies, institutional framework, and strength of rural municipalities and local communities. This chapter's possible contribution to research includes improving understanding of the implementation and sustainability issues of rural e-municipality as one of the critical e-governance initiatives at the grassroots level.

scholarly journals Good Governance and National Development: Nigeria in Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Osunyikanmi Pius Olakunle
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
National Development ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
Flexible Work ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
The Subject

<em>Issues relating to good governance and development have been pushed to the forefront of world affairs, largely because of the wave of the democracy movement now blowing soothingly across the whole length and breadth of the international community. Good governance and development are dividends of democracy that are of great interest to the democratic family. The paper attempts to critically examine the intimate relationship between good governance and development with particular reference to Nigeria as a case study. Abundant literature on the subject matter reveals that democracy and good governance provide an enabling environment for development to take place, and that the role of political leadership in realizing all of this is critical. It is recommended, among other things, that (1) the intellectual class should be involved in the country’s development plan; (2) there is the urgent need to create a virile but flexible work force that can initiate and execute development plans; and (3) efforts must be made to embark on capacity building of all the institutions of governance so that they can perform their roles optimally for the benefit of the country.</em>

scholarly journals Impacts of Economic Structural Change on Economic Growth: Forecasting Models and Policy Implications (A Case Study of Bến Tre Province)

2013 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 20-36
Author(s):  
Hổ Đinh Phi ◽  
DUY NGUYỄN KHÁNH
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Structural Change ◽  
National Development ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
The Government

During the past ten years, economic growth in Vietnam changed positively in the direction of a modern industrial economy. Accordingly, economic structure also experienced changes in which manufacturing and service sectors accounted for a bigger share in the GDP. The government and most researchers are therefore very interested in economic structural change. This structural change in Vietnam as a whole requires the same change in local economies. However, some provinces did not catch up with the national development yet. Thus, in order to facilitate structural change on the whole economy, it is necessary to clarify what economic structural change aims at, and identify a quantitative model for measuring impact of such change, which becomes a real challenge to Vietnam?s researchers and policy makers. To help solve this problem, the authors conducted a case study in B?n Tre to seek practical evidence. The results, based on regressive model, VAR model and Granger causality test, show that economic structural change impacts on the level of economic growth, labor productivity and the quality of life. This research also lays the foundation for a model for forecasting impacts of economic structural change.

Benchmarking Local e-Government

2012 ◽  
pp. 624-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana de Juana-Espinosa ◽  
Juan José Tarí
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Critical Success Factors ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Tourist Town ◽  
Government Project ◽  
Development Plans

The aim of this chapter is to examine the stages of business process re-Engineering (BPR) and the critical success factors needed to successfully implement e-Government initiatives in a major tourist town in Spain. The research utilises a case study as the main methodology for understanding the penetration of e-Government in a tourist town in Spain. This town is one of the most attractive destinations for holiday travelers from Northern and Central Europe, as well as for many Spanish people. The chapter shows how the stages of BPR are deployed in a local e-Government project and how the critical success factors (CSFs) have been addressed. These results may serve as an exemplary approach to understanding BPR and critical success factors in local e-Government strategies. The study provides lessons for policy makers and other stakeholders, including project managers and implementers that will help them to increase the efficiency and efficacy of their e-Government adoption processes especially if their economy is tourism-centered. Accordingly, the local government in many tourism-oriented, emerging economies may benefit from this experience, since it will allow them to identify the relevant success factors and to overcome possible barriers culminating into the increase of efficiency of their e-Government development plans.

Women and Survival Strategies in Poor Urban Contexts: A Case Study from Guadalajara, Mexico

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 81-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocío Enríquez Rosas
Keyword(s):  
Urban Poor ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Poor Women ◽  
The World ◽  
Heads Of Household ◽  
Urban Contexts ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Urban poverty in countries like Mexico nowadays shows a new dynamism that calls for an inter disciplinary approach to allow us to sort out the underlying mechanisms that keep many Mexican households in poverty. Based on current theoretical debates about survival strategies and relying on an anthropological approach, this paper analyzes how urban poor households confront their condition. The analysis starts out from a case study, the world of meanings that underlie poverty and the alternatives that the urban poor currently develop, especially urban poor women, who are mothers (whether they be heads of household or not), in order to survive daily.

Urban poverty and vulnerability in India: A social policy perspective

Social Change ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Loughhead ◽  
Onkar Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Urban Poor ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Considerable Effort ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
Conceptual Distinction

This article explains the characteristics of the urban poor and makes a strong case for its analysis and understanding at an individual, household and community level. The paper argues that policy makers need to make a conceptual distinction between social development and social protection during both the planning and implimentation of any antipoverty policy. To shift policy making towards this approach a considerable effort to shift in resource flows will be required. Analysis of the causes and symptoms of urban poverty needs to be improved, innovative partnership between different stakeholders (poor people as well as community leaders, governments, the pivate sector, NGOs and donors etc.) need to be developed and policy makers need to be clear about what they are trying to achieve — to raise all the poor to the improving condition and to keep them there or to continue with palliative measures which keep the poor in their vulnerable condition?

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