Emotional Needs and Schematic Functioning in Depression: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
Paula I. STROIAN
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Schema Therapy ◽  
Emotional Needs ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Treatment ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Therapy Model ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

"Grounded in cognitive theory, the schema therapy model of psychopathology proposes a set of maladaptive cognitive structures, called early maladaptive schemas, resulting from the invalidation of emotional needs. More recently, the schema therapy model has been adapted for use with depressed clients. However, the utility of addressing emotional needs in the psychotherapeutic treatment of depression has not been established. The present paper aims to provide a narrative review of the current literature on basic needs as motivational factors in depression and their relation to schematic functioning. Theoretical considerations and practical evidence on the use of constructs related to basic motivation in depression are drawn from the literature on the cognitive and schema therapy-based models of depression. The implications for the theoretical understanding of needs are discussed, as are future directions for the research of schematic functioning in depression."

scholarly journals Towards a Reformulated Theory Underlying Schema Therapy: Position Paper of an International Workgroup

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnoud Arntz ◽  
Marleen Rijkeboer ◽  
Edward Chan ◽  
Eva Fassbinder ◽  
Alp Karaosmanoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Early Maladaptive Schemas ◽  
Schema Therapy ◽  
Emotional Needs ◽  
Ways Of Coping ◽  
Schema Modes ◽  
The World ◽  
And Coping ◽  
And Inversion ◽  
Further Development

Abstract Background A central construct in Schema Therapy (ST) is that of a schema mode, describing the current emotional-cognitive-behavioral state. Initially, 10 modes were described. Over time, with the world-wide increasing and broader application of ST to various disorders, additional schema modes were identified, mainly based on clinical impressions. Thus, the need for a new, theoretically based, cross-cultural taxonomy of modes emerged. Methods An international workgroup started from scratch to identify an extensive taxonomy of modes, based on (a) extending the theory underlying ST with new insights on needs, and (b) recent research on ST theory supporting that modes represent combinations of activated schemas and coping. Results We propose to add two emotional needs to the original five core needs that theoretically underpin the development of early maladaptive schemas (EMSs), i.e., the need for Self-Coherence, and the need for Fairness, leading to three new EMSs, i.e. Lack of a Coherent Identity, Lack of a Meaningful World, and Unfairness. When rethinking the purpose behind the different ways of coping with EMS-activation, we came up with new labels for two of those: Resignation instead of Surrender, and Inversion instead of Overcompensation. By systematically combining EMSs and ways of coping we derived a set of schema modes that can be empirically tested. Conclusions With this project, we hope to contribute to the further development of ST and its application across the world.

scholarly journals Survivors of Hell: Resilience Amongst Unaccompanied Minor Refugees and Implications for Treatment- a Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Mateos Rodriguez ◽  
Veronika Dobler
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Behaviour Problem ◽  
Positive Relationships ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
User Perspectives

AbstractApproximately half of the world’s displaced population are children and a significant proportion of these are unaccompanied asylum-seeking children (UASC). UASC are the most vulnerable of all refugee populations. Up to 90% of UASC have been subjected to exploitation, including trafficking or being drafted into military groups. Having survived the perils of flight, UASC are confronted with continued challenges, including the uncertainties regarding their residential rights in host counties. Unsurprisingly, the prevalence of mental health problems is higher amongst UASC than in any other refugee group. Yet, Mental Health and Psychosocial Support (MHPSS) appears to neither reach nor engage UASC. This begs for re-examination of what and how MHPSS is offered. Despite high levels of adversity, UASC often have considerable resilience, and make remarkable recoveries. However, literature exploring their resources or their own views of what helps or hinders recovery is scarce. In this narrative review, we explore individual and systemic factors promoting recovery in UASC. We consider theoretical understanding of resilience, emerging data and user perspectives. From these we deduct four areas of resilience in UASC: Individual factors – prosocial behaviour, problem-solving skills; Lifetime relationships – positive early family relationships, connection with family and country of origin, positive peer and adult relationships in host country; Acculturation – integration of own and new culture, positive relationships with prosocial institutions; Care arrangements – supported but less restrictive living arrangements. We suggest, MHPSS may need to focus on enhancing social networks, including connectedness with positive relationships in the home-country, life-history work with a focus on resource-building experiences in addition to trauma, and promoting integration of old and new cultural values. We also conclude that despite growing data, there is a gap in both eliciting user perspectives and understanding adaptive resources, especially those emerging during early development and within their cultural setting.

Capitalizing on Cultural Assets: Community Cultural Wealth and Immigrant-Origin Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 2156759X2097365
Author(s):  
Lucy L. Purgason ◽  
Robyn Honer ◽  
Ian Gaul
Keyword(s):  
School Counseling ◽  
School Counselors ◽  
Culturally Responsive ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Cultural Wealth ◽  
Emotional Needs ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Cultural Wealth ◽  
College And Career

Nearly one of four students enrolled in public school in the United States is of immigrant origin. School counselors are poised to support immigrant-origin students with academic, college and career, and social/emotional needs. This article introduces how community cultural wealth (CCW), a social capital concept focusing on the strengths of immigrant-origin students, brings a culturally responsive lens to multitiered system of supports interventions identified in the school counseling literature. We present case studies highlighting the implementation of CCW and discuss implications and future directions for school counseling practice.

scholarly journals Molecular Transport Junctions: An Introduction

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 376-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherie R. Kagan ◽  
Mark A. Ratner
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Charge Transport ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Molecular Transport ◽  
Molecular Junction ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Molecular Scale ◽  
Molecular Charge ◽  
Made In

AbstractThis issue of MRS Bulletin on molecular transport junctions highlights the current experimental and theoretical understanding of molecular charge transport and its extension to the rapidly growing areas of molecular and carbon nanotube electronics. This introduction will outline the progress that has been made in understanding the mechanisms of molecular junction transport and the challenges and future directions in exploring charge transport on the molecular scale. In spite of the substantial challenges, molecular charge transport is of great interest for its intrinsic importance to potential single-molecule electronic, thin-film electronic, and optoelectronic applications.

Conclusions and Future Directions for Group Schema Therapy

2012 ◽  
pp. 295-301
Author(s):  
Neele Reiss ◽  
Joan M. Farrell ◽  
Arnoud Arntz ◽  
Jeffrey Young
Keyword(s):  
Schema Therapy ◽  
Future Directions

Dysfunctional Parenting and Psychological Symptomatology: An Examination of the Mediator Roles of Anger Representations in the Context of the Schema Therapy Model

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329412097176
Author(s):  
İ. Volkan Gülüm ◽  
Gonca Soygüt
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emotional Needs ◽  
Psychological Symptomatology ◽  
Schema Modes ◽  
Therapy Model ◽  
Mediational Models ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, we investigated the mediator roles of anger-related schema modes in the relationship between dysfunctional parent modes and psychological symptoms. We focused on specific schema modes (i.e., punitive and demanding parent modes; vulnerable, angry, and enraged child modes; and the angry protector mode). The study included 297 college students (159 women), with the average age of the sample being 19.66 years (SD = 1.53, range = 18 to 29 years). All participants completed self-report questionnaires on schema modes and psychological symptoms, as well as a demographic form. We evaluated two different mediational models to understand two different dysfunctional parenting styles. The results suggest that all variables significantly correlated with each other and almost all the direct paths in the models were significant. However, the mediator analysis revealed that some of the anger-related modes had very low but significant mediator roles in the models (i.e., the angry child mode for both models and the enraged child mode for the demanding parenting model). The vulnerable child mode played a central and key role in the relationship between dysfunctional parenting and psychological symptoms. The study suggests that anger representations might be windows to understand and intervene in unmet core emotional needs.

scholarly journals Optimisation of the organ donor and effects on transplanted organs: a narrative review on current practice and future directions

Anaesthesia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 1191-1204
Author(s):  
K. D. Bera ◽  
A. Shah ◽  
M. R. English ◽  
D. Harvey ◽  
R. J. Ploeg
Keyword(s):  
Current Practice ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Transplanted Organs

scholarly journals The challenge of the EMC effect: Existing data and future directions

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (08) ◽  
pp. 1430013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Malace ◽  
David Gaskell ◽  
Douglas W. Higinbotham ◽  
Ian C. Cloët
Keyword(s):  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Deep Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Charged Lepton ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Precise Data ◽  
Emc Effect ◽  
Existing Data

Since the discovery that the ratio of inclusive charged lepton (per-nucleon) cross-sections from a nucleus A to the deuteron is not unity — even in deep inelastic scattering kinematics — a great deal of experimental and theoretical effort has gone into understanding the phenomenon. The EMC effect, as it is now known, shows that even in the most extreme kinematic conditions the effects of the nucleon being bound in a nucleus cannot be ignored. In this paper, we collect the most precise data available for various nuclear to deuteron ratios, as well as provide a commentary on the current status of the theoretical understanding of this thirty year old effect.

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