scholarly journals Spatial Patterns of Second Home Development as Part of Rural Landscapes. A Case Study of Apuseni Nature Park

2021 ◽  
Vol SI (8) ◽  
pp. 65-77
Author(s):  
Ioana Alexandra CIUPE
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Rural Landscapes ◽  
Second Homes ◽  
Second Home ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Rural Character

During the last decades, against the backdrop of radical social and economic restructuring, the rural environment has changed fundamentally, arising new social and economic dynamics and cultural realities. The second homes development has significantly contributed to this process and created major challenges for the need to protect the rural character. Therefore, with the purpose of integrated and sustainable spatial planning, a detailed acquaintance of second homes’ spatial differentiation as part of contemporary rural landscapes, is a core prerequisite. This study aims to determine the second homes spatial patterns in relation to the main characteristics of the local environment, and to create a practical cornerstone for stakeholders concerned with integrated planning of second home tourism. In order to achieve these goals, this research used five major datasets related to land cover, elevation, climate, management system for protected areas and other social aspects (e.g. tourism, native settlements). Twenty-three variables were defined using GIS and subsequently assigned to grid cells with a size of 1.5 km2. To reduce the dimensionality of spatial datasets, Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was performed, resulting seven components that explained 77.2% of the variation. The PCA score was the subject of k-means cluster analysis that revealed nineteen landscape types. Finally, the spatial location of second homes is overlaid with the identified rural landscapes. This approach shows plenty of hidden nuances of second home tourism and facilitates its integration in both spatial, socio-cultural, and administrative dimensions.

Occupancy, usage and spatial location of second homes in urban China

Cities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 102414
Author(s):  
Tianjiao Li ◽  
C. Cindy Fan
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Location ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Second Homes

Primary and secondary place of residence, the digital link and the rise of presence

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-385
Author(s):  
Philippe Bachimon ◽  
Patrick Eveno ◽  
César Gélvez Espinel
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Second Homes ◽  
Second Home ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Complementary Spaces

Purpose This paper aims to explore the gradual commercialisation of second homes in non-urban locations and identifie a spectrum that ranges from lending to rentals to home exchange. Design/methodology/approach This paper is a conceptual one based on a review of literature relating to the acquisiting and use of secondary residences or “second homes”. Findings This paper observes that the secondary residence is often the object of a material over-investment that is symbolic and mental. The owners never quite leave their main place of residence when in the secondary one. The result is not two complementary spaces, but a hybrid space made up of the interlocking of the two. This paper also concludes that digitalization has made it easier to rent a secondary residence for a short period of time, using for instance the Airbnb platform, thus making it more an object of trade than a second home. From a sustainability perspective, the COVID-19 pandemic is likely to bring to the relatively rapid growth of short-term renting a halt. Further, it may encourage owners to be more psychologically and physically invested in their secondary residence, thereby contributing more to the local economy. Originality/value Few authors have considered the way digital tools can alter the relation with the secondary place of residence.

Changing patterns of conspicuous consumption: Media representations of luxury in second homes

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trudie Walters ◽  
Neil Carr
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Conspicuous Consumption ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
Second Homes ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Second Home ◽  
Qualitative Thematic Analysis ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
Visual Text ◽  
Lifestyle Magazine

This article examines the potential of utilising representations of luxury in second homes to chart the changing patterns of conspicuous consumption. It is situated within a New Zealand context and based on the analysis of representations of luxury in second homes in an architecture/lifestyle magazine from 1936 to 2015. A qualitative thematic analysis was carried out on the written and visual text of 305 second home articles. The findings are divided into time periods which relate to distinct socio-cultural, political and economic events and ideologies that have influenced New Zealand society. The analysis reveals a change from ‘quiet luxury’ during the war years to the luxury of imported products, reflecting a fascination with first American and then European style in the mid-century. It also shows a change from a reputed cultural reticence to display one’s wealth to the flagrant conspicuous consumption of luxury goods and services in the 1980s which aligns with the rise of new wealth after the introduction of neoliberalism in the country. Finally, the variance between representations of luxury during recessionary times in the 1970s and 2000s demonstrates a change in attitude towards conspicuous consumption.

scholarly journals COMPARISON BETWEEN SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF SECOND HOME PHENOMENON AND OTHER LEISURE MOBILITY FORMS IN KOPRIVNICA-KRIŽEVCI COUNTY

2017 ◽  
pp. 166-180
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
National Level ◽  
Spatial Mobility ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Second Homes ◽  
Second Home ◽  
Recreation Areas ◽  
Near Future

Unlike other forms of leisure spatial mobility (tourism, excursions, outdoor recreation), the second home phenomenon includes elements of habitation or place attachment to the receiving area. Although all leisure activities are generated by the desire for temporarily change of the dwelling place and escape to recreational amenity rich areas, the leading second home and tourism-excursion-outdoor recreation areas do not fully coincide. The goal of the paper is to examine the spatial overlapping of the second home phenomenon and other leisure mobility forms in Koprivnica-Križevci County to provide scientific contribution to the research of spatial (non)matching of the mentioned phenomena in rural areas of Croatia. Koprivnica-Križevci County was therefore chosen because it is a typical rural area in the Peripannonian region of Croatia, which does not stand out on a national level either according to a large number of second homes, or according to more prominent tourism flow, but in the near future a stronger development of leisure spatial mobilities can be expected. The spatial overlapping of the second home phenomenon and other leisure mobility forms in Koprivnica-Križevci County was examined through the following steps: a) identification of the leading second home areas in the County according to the number of second homes at the level of the settlement in 2011; b) identification of leading tourism-excursion-outdoor recreation areas in the County at the level of the settlement according to four indicators: number of overnights in 2016, number of tourist beds in 2016, number of catering facilities linked with tourism- excursions outdoor recreation in 2017, number of tourist attractions in 2017; and c) analysis of spatial overlapping of second home phenomenon and other leisure mobility forms.

scholarly journals Vikendice na otoku Krku - prostorni raspored i strukturna obilježja vlasnika

Geoadria ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Vuk Tvrtko Opačić
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Second Homes ◽  
Permanent Residence ◽  
Second Home ◽  
Accurate Picture ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Developmental Dynamics ◽  
Home Region

The period of the conversion of the existing and abandoned residential dwellings into second homes (mostly in 1960s and 1970s) on the island of Krk, as well as along the whole stretch of the Croatian littoral, was followed by the period of the construction of purpose-built dwellings for vacation and recreation, i.e. of family weekend-houses (in 1970s and 1980s). This was manifested through the purchase and conversion of agricultural land into building sites which initially targeted the most desirable locations along the coast of the island, and later less desirable locations in the island hinterland. From mid 1990s onwards the island of Krk, and especially certain parts of it, experienced a more intensive construction of multi-apartment buildings for vacation and recreation which brought about radical geographical transformation. The study analyses the characteristics of the recent developmental dynamics of the second home phenomenon on the island of Krk as a representative case study of a receiving second home region within the Croatian littoral. The study is based on the analysis of the spatial distribution of dwellings for vacation and recreation and the comparison of their number with the number of dwellings for permanent occupancy. In order to achieve a more accurate picture of the intensity and directions of the second home mobility which exists among emissive and receiving second home regions, an analysis is provided of the structural characteristics of the owners of second homes on Krk. They are grouped by the place of their permanent residence, the distance between the place of permanent residence and the receiving second home region and by the size of the place of permanent residence.

Ontogenic regulation of spatial differentiation in the crypt-villus axis of normal and isografted small intestine

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (4) ◽  
pp. G500-G511 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Gutierrez ◽  
K. J. Grapperhaus ◽  
D. C. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Extracellular Substances ◽  
Enterocytic Differentiation

Despite rapid proliferation, the mammalian intestinal epithelium maintains precise spatial differentiation from crypt to villus tip and from duodenum to colon. During perinatal life, the rodent gut undergoes a dramatic morphogenesis, resulting in formation of the crypt-villus and duodenal-colonic axes. The ontogeny of regional differences in gene expression in the emerging vertical axis has not been well described. We used the liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) and apolipoprotein (apo) AIV genes as markers of neonatal enterocytic differentiation. In situ hybridization analyses revealed that both genes exhibit unique spatial patterns of expression along the jejunal crypt-villus axis during ontogeny, characterized by increased cellular mRNA levels in villus base enterocytes. To examine the requirement for a normal luminal environment to generate these precise patterns of cellular gene expression, we employed intestinal isograft techniques. Fetal intestines were implanted as early as embryonic day 12. Appropriate expression of the apo AIV and L-FABP genes was recapitulated during villus morphogenesis in fetal life. However, spatial patterns of gene expression in the isografted postnatal cryptvillus axis were altered. The preferential accumulation of L-FABP and apo AIV mRNA in villus base enterocytes was never observed in isografts. These results suggest that a “basal” differentiation program is encoded in fetal endoderm and mesenchyme, yet extracellular substances contained in the lumen or extrinsic to the intestine play an important modulatory role in generating spatial differentiation during ontogeny.

Garbage In, Garbage Out

2005 ◽  
pp. 45-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tess McCarthy ◽  
Jerry Ratcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Computing Technology ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Address Data ◽  
Patterns And Processes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Advances in computing technology and analytical techniques have given crime analysts increasingly powerful toolboxes with which to unlock the spatial patterns and processes of crime. However, the utility of such tools is still bounded by the “garbage in, garbage out,” maxim, whereby analytical output is only as reliable as the analytical input. Therefore, this chapter reviews some of the sources of spatial data inaccuracy that must be considered when analyzing crime. Given the prevalence of street addresses as a spatial location identifier for crime events, particular attention is given to the accuracy and optimum parameters for geographically referencing address data. Example data drawn from burglary records in the city of Wollongong, Australia, illustrate the significance of the issues and the impact that poor address management can have on the analysis of crime. The chapter emphasizes the practical, by outlining address correction options and summarizing recent research that identifies optimum settings for geocoding software tools.

COVID-19 and Second Home Prices in Switzerland: An Empirical Insight

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-386
Author(s):  
Thomas Bieger ◽  
Robert Weinert ◽  
Aristid Klumbies
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Home Ownership ◽  
Price Increase ◽  
Second Homes ◽  
Home Prices ◽  
Transaction Prices ◽  
Second Home ◽  
Research Propositions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Empirical Insight

Abstract During the COVID-19 pandemic, second home ownership created several owner benefits. This paper analyses price changes of second homes during the pandemic. It derives propositions for the impact of the pandemic on the value of second homes for its owners. The contribution draws on panel data of transaction prices for second homes from Switzerland, a country with traditionally strong second home ownership, provided by Wüest Partner. The results show that there is a significant price increase for second homes – especially compared to apartments – after the start of the COVID-19 crisis. They also show that prices even in certain second-class destinations have risen significantly during the pandemic. Different research propositions are derived like that buyers might look for less crowded places in the pandemic, and the reduced benefits of intensive infrastructures during a pandemic.

scholarly journals Do Rural Second Homes Shape Commensal Microbiota of Urban Dwellers? A Pilot Study among Urban Elderly in Finland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3742
Author(s):  
Mika Saarenpää ◽  
Marja Roslund ◽  
Riikka Puhakka ◽  
Mira Grönroos ◽  
Anirudra Parajuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Urban Elderly ◽  
Second Homes ◽  
Commensal Microbiota ◽  
Second Home ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Home Users

According to the hygiene and biodiversity hypotheses, increased hygiene levels and reduced contact with biodiversity can partially explain the high prevalence of immune-mediated diseases in developed countries. A disturbed commensal microbiota, especially in the gut, has been linked to multiple immune-mediated diseases. Previous studies imply that gut microbiota composition is associated with the everyday living environment and can be modified by increasing direct physical exposure to biodiverse materials. In this pilot study, the effects of rural-second-home tourism were investigated on the gut microbiota for the first time. Rural-second-home tourism, a popular form of outdoor recreation in Northern Europe, North America, and Russia, has the potential to alter the human microbiota by increasing exposure to nature and environmental microbes. The hypotheses were that the use of rural second homes is associated with differences in the gut microbiota and that the microbiota related to health benefits are more diverse or common among the rural-second-home users. Based on 16S rRNA Illumina MiSeq sequencing of stool samples from 10 urban elderly having access and 15 lacking access to a rural second home, the first hypothesis was supported: the use of rural second homes was found to be associated with lower gut microbiota diversity and RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway levels. The second hypothesis was not supported: health-related microbiota were not more diverse or common among the second-home users. The current study encourages further research on the possible health outcomes or causes of the observed microbiological differences. Activities and diet during second-home visits, standard of equipment, surrounding environment, and length of the visits are all postulated to play a role in determining the effects of rural-second-home tourism on the gut microbiota.

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