scholarly journals Apical instrumentation in endodontic therapy

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurniasri Darliana ◽  
Endang Sukartini
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Apical Constriction ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
Shaping Process ◽  
Canal Systems ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Major Factors

Cleaning and shaping of the root canal as the foundation for successful endodontic therapy. Cleaning of the root canal as the removal of all the contents of the root canal systems before and during shaping. Mechanical cleaning as the most important part of the root canal therapy. Instrumentation of the apical region has long been considered to be an essential component in the cleaning and shaping process. The apical area as the critical zone for instrumentation. The apical portion of the root canal system can retain microorganisms that could potentially cause periradicular inflammation. The nickel-titanium rotary instrumentation system to facilitate the cleaning and shaping process. Larger instrumentation sizes not only allow proper irrigation but also significantly decrease remaining bacteria in the canal system. How the larger apical sizes preparation must be achieved to clinical success. This paper will describe the major factors impacting the selection of final apical size, the factors are the anatomy of the apical constriction, root canal diameter, apical instrumentation, and bacteria in dentin tubuli.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Interference of Calcium Hydroxide-based Intracanal Medication in Filling Root Canal Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 368-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Melo Pithon ◽  
Deyla Duarte Vilela ◽  
Manoel Matos Neto ◽  
Alexandre Mascarenhas Villela
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Group I ◽  
Canal Systems ◽  
Root Canal System

ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate the interference of the intracanal medication Calen® (SSWhite, São Paulo, Brazil) on the filling of simulated lateral canals. Materials and methods Twenty human anterior teeth were used. Before the endodontic filling procedures the access of cavity was made, and after this root canals were made in all the teeth to simulate the presence of lateral canals. After preparation, the teeth were randomly divided into two groups (n=10). In group I, the root canal system was filled directly after chemicalmechanical preparation; in group II, endodontic treatment was performed in multiple sessions, and after preparation the calcium hydroxide-based intracanal medication Calen® was inserted. After the period of 7 days, the root canals were vigorously irrigated and then they were filled. Next, the teeth were radiographed to verify the quality of the filling. Results The results demonstrated that the teeth treated in a single session, without calcium hydroxide medication, presented 47 canals out of 60 with radiographic evidence of filling, whereas the teeth in which intracanal medication was used, only 07 presented a radiographic image compatible with filling (p < 0.05). Conclusion The use of the calcium hydroxide-based medication Calen made it difficult to obtain a hermetic filling of the root canal system. Clinical significance The clinical significance of this work basing on the fact that once the dentist knowing that property obliteration of calcium hydroxide can be taken care when they are used in the presence of lateral canals. How to cite this article Vilela DD, Neto MM, Villela AM, Pithon MM. Evaluation of Interference of Calcium Hydroxide-based Intracanal Medication in Filling Root Canal Systems . J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(5):368-371.

scholarly journals Systematic review of the effect of endodontic irrigants over coronaviruses

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e23810615457
Author(s):  
Amjad Abu Hasna ◽  
Eduardo Bresciani
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Electronic Search ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Canal Systems ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Corona Viruses

Objective: This systematic review aimed to discuss a possible effect of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) over the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the new generation of corona virus, which was reported firstly in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Methods: Electronic search was performed for studies up to March 31, 2021 in the following databases: PubMed, LILACS, BBO, Scopus, web of science and Cochrane considering clinical trials and laboratory studies that evaluated the action of NaOCl over SARS-CoV-2. Results: Numerous founded studies reported effectivity of NaOCl in different concentrations and exposure times over corona viruses including the SARS-CoV-2. However, none of the studies evaluated this action in the root canal system. No metanalysis was conducted due to variability of methods or lack of information of included articles. Conclusion: NaOCl has a possible effectivity over SARS-CoV-2 as it dissolves the organic material of virus membrane, but this should be evaluated in the root canal systems.

scholarly journals The efficiency of canal cleaning with reciprocating movements instruments - SEM study

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 148-152
Author(s):  
Slavoljub Zivkovic ◽  
Jelena Neskovic ◽  
Marijana Popovic-Bajic ◽  
Milica Medojevic-Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Single File ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Niti Instruments

Introduction/Objective. The application of nickel?titanium (NiTi) instruments in cleaning and shaping of the root canal system is a standard and a precondition for the success of endodontic treatment. The objective of this study was to use scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis in order to examine the efficiency of cleaning the apical third of the root canal system using two different NiTi systems with reciprocating movements. Methods. The study included 20 single-rooted teeth (premolars) divided into two groups. In group 1, the canal preparation was realized with a single file UNICONE with reciprocating movements (MEDIN, Inc., Nove M?sto na Morav?, Czech Republic), and in group 2, with ? RECIPROC BLUE instrument with reciprocating movements (VDW GmbH, Munich, Germany). The same quantities of 2% NaOCl solution and 17% EDTA solution were used as irrigation solutions. The samples prepared for SEM analysis of the smear layer in the apical third were evaluated on a scale of 1?5 and at a magnification of 1,000?. Results. SEM analysis pointed to mostly clean canal walls in the apical segment in both tested groups. Slightly cleaner walls were observed after the application of the UNICONE file (78%) compared to the samples of the second group, where the instrumentation was realized by the RECIPROC BLUE file (76%), but without statistically significant differences. Conclusion. Single-file reciprocating systems do not remove the smear layer completely, but provide efficient cleaning of the apical region of the canal.

scholarly journals Effect of biomechanical preparation and calcium hydroxide pastes on the antisepsis of root canal systems in dogs

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janir Alves Soares ◽  
Mario Roberto Leonardo ◽  
Léa Assed Bezerra da Silva ◽  
Mário Tanomaru Filho ◽  
Izabel Yoko Ito
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Canal Systems ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Level Of Significance

In the endodontic treatment of root canals with necrotic pulps associated with periapical radiolucent areas, one of the main objectives of treatment consists in eliminating the microorganisms spread throughout the ramifications of the root canal system. The scope of this study was to evaluate the antiseptic efficacy of biomechanical preparation and two calcium hydroxide-based pastes, in dogs' teeth with experimentally induced chronic periapical lesions. After initial microbiological sampling, instrumentation of the root canals was undertaken using the conventional technique, using K type files used in conjunction with a solution of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. After ninety-six hours, further microbiological sampling was undertaken and Calen/CPMC or Calasept pastes were applied for 15 and 30 days. Ninety six hours after the removal of the medication, the third microbiological sampling was undertaken and finally histomicrobiological analysis followed using Brown & Brenn staining. The results were analyzed using the Kruskall-Wallis test, with a level of significance established at 5% (p<0.05). It was shown that the biomechanical preparation significantly reduced the number of colony forming units of microorganisms in root canals. In contrast, there was no significant difference between the antiseptic action of long-term dressings over two periods of action, although 30 days produced a greater reduction in the quantity of microorganisms and of positive microbiological cultures. In histological sections of the four experimental groups, similar microbiological patterns were shown (p>0.05), characterized by an elevated incidence of cocci, bacilli and filaments, predominantly gram-positive, in root canals, secondary canals and accessories, apical cementoplasts and dentinal tubules, but with a low incidence of microorganisms in areas of cementum resorption and the periapical lesion. The biomechanical preparation and intracanal dressing based on calcium hydroxide were important in the antisepsis of the root canal; however, both procedures did not produce significant changes in the microbiological aspects of the root canal system.

scholarly journals A Case of Unusual Anatomy in Second Mandibular Molar with Four Canals

2008 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 217-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Maniglia-Ferreira ◽  
Fábio de Almeida-Gomesa ◽  
Bruno Carvalho de Sousa ◽  
Carla Cabral dos Santos Acioli Lins ◽  
Roberto Alves dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Root Canal Treatment ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Mandibular Molar ◽  
Canal Systems ◽  
Mandibular Second Molar ◽  
Root Canal System

ABSTRACTSuccess in root canal treatment is achieved after thought cleaning and shaping followed by the complete obturation of root canal system. Such treatment may be performed in root canal systems that do not comply with the normal anatomical features described in standard textbooks. This article describes the conventional root canal treatment on an unusual mandibular second molar with four root-canals. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:217-219)

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Smear Layer Removal Capability between EndoVac and Endoactivator Endodontic Irrigation Systems at the Root Canal System and Isthmus: A Micro-Computed Tomography Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 7033
Author(s):  
Vicente Faus-Llácer ◽  
Mauricio Luna-Roa ◽  
Ignacio Faus-Matoses ◽  
Celia Ruiz-Sánchez ◽  
Álvaro Zubizarreta-Macho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Ct Analysis ◽  
Canal Systems ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Endodontic Irrigation

The aim of this comparative study is to analyze the efficacy of EndoVac and Endoactivator endodontic irrigation systems for removing the endodontic smear layer present in the coronal, middle, and apical root third of the root canal system (RCS) and the isthmus from mesial roots from the first lower molar teeth using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis. The study was performed on 40 mesial roots that were randomly assigned to the following groups: Group A, EndoVac endodontic irrigation system (EV) (n = 10); Group B, Endoactivator endodontic irrigation system (EA) (n = 10); Group C, Root canal systems performed with F2 ProTaper Gold endodontic rotary system but not irrigated (Positive control) (n = 10); Group D, Root canal systems not performed or irrigated (Negative control) (n = 10). The samples were exposed to micro-CT analysis and the mesial roots were segmented using an advanced image segmentation technique based on partial differential equations (ROI: 10 × 10 × 10 mm) and the root canal systems and isthmus were reconstructed at a resolution of 25 microns per voxel. The EA study group showed statistically significant different residual endodontic smear layer volume (0.48 ± 0.24 mm3) compared to the EV study group (0.18 ± 0.15 mm3) (p = 0.016). The EV endodontic irrigation system performed a higher smear layer removal at coronal and middle root thirds, compared to the EA endodontic irrigation system; however, the EA endodontic irrigation system performed a higher smear layer removal at the apical root third, compared to the EV endodontic irrigation system.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Ease of Removal of Fractured NiTi Endodontic Rotary Files from the Root Canal System—An In Vitro Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 718
Author(s):  
Vicente Faus-Matoses ◽  
Eva Burgos Ibáñez ◽  
Vicente Faus-Llácer ◽  
Celia Ruiz-Sánchez ◽  
Álvaro Zubizarreta-Macho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Canal System ◽  
The Us ◽  
Canal Systems ◽  
Root Canal System

This study aimed at analyzing and comparing the ease of removal of fractured nickel–titanium (NiTi) endodontic rotary files from the root canal system between the ultrasonic tips and the Endo Rescue appliance removal systems, as well as comparing the volume of dentin removed between ultrasonic tips and the Endo Rescue appliance using a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scan. Material and Methods: Forty NiTi endodontic rotary files were intentionally fractured in 40 root canal systems of 20 lower first molar teeth and distributed into the following study groups: A: Ultrasonic tips (n = 20) (US) and B: Endo Rescue device (n = 20) (ER). Preoperative and postoperative micro-CT scans were uploaded into image processing software to analyze the volumetric variations of dentin using an algorithm that enables progressive differentiation between neighboring pixels after defining and segmenting the fractured NiTi endodontic rotary files and the root canal systems in both micro-CT scans. A non-parametric Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon test or t-test for independent samples was used to analyze the results. Results: The US and ES study groups saw 8 (1 mesiobuccal and 7 distal root canal system) and 3 (distal root canal system) fractured NiTi endodontic rotary files removed, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found in the amount of dentin removed between the US and ER study groups at the mesiobuccal (p = 0.9109) and distal root canal system (p = 0.8669). Conclusions: Ultrasonic tips enable greater ease of removal of NiTi endodontic rotary files from the root canal system, with similar amounts of dentin removal between the two methods.

scholarly journals Micro-tomographic characterization of the root and canal system morphology of mandibular first premolars in a Chilean population

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Sierra-Cristancho ◽  
Luis González-Osuna ◽  
Daniela Poblete ◽  
Emilio A. Cafferata ◽  
Paola Carvajal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Multiple Root ◽  
Root Anatomy ◽  
Type I ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Chilean Population

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze the root anatomy and root canal system morphology of mandibular first premolars in a Chilean population. 186 teeth were scanned using micro-computed tomography and reconstructed three-dimensionally. The root canal system morphology was classified using both Vertucci’s and Ahmed’s criteria. The radicular grooves were categorized using the ASUDAS system, and the presence of Tomes’ anomalous root was associated with Ahmed’s score. A single root canal was identified in 65.05% of teeth, being configuration type I according to Vertucci’s criteria and code 1MP1 according to Ahmed’s criteria. Radicular grooves were observed in 39.25% of teeth. The ASUDAS scores for radicular grooves were 60.75%, 13.98%, 12.36%, 10.22%, 2.15%, and 0.54%, from grade 0 to grade 5, respectively. The presence of Tomes’ anomalous root was identified only in teeth with multiple root canals, and it was more frequently associated with code 1MP1–2 of Ahmed’s criteria. The root canal system morphology of mandibular first premolars showed a wide range of anatomical variations in the Chilean population. Teeth with multiple root canals had a higher incidence of radicular grooves, which were closely related to more complex internal anatomy. Only teeth with multiple root canals presented Tomes’ anomalous root.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Morpho-Geometrical Changes of the Root Canal System Produced by TF Adaptive vs. BioRace: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
Loai Alsofi ◽  
Muhannad Al Harbi ◽  
Martin Stauber ◽  
Khaled Balto
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Type I ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Canal Surface ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Structure Model Index ◽  
Continuous Rotation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Root Canal System

We aimed to analyze the morpho-geometric changes of the root canal system created by two rotary systems (TF Adaptive and BioRace) using micro-CT technology. Two concepts of rotary file system kinematics, continuous rotation and adaptive kinematics, were used in root canal preparation. Twenty mandibular molars (n = 20) were selected with the following criteria: the teeth have mesial roots with a single and continuous isthmus connecting the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals (Vertucci’s Type I configuration) and distal roots with independent canals. Teeth were scanned at a resolution of 14 μm. Canals were divided equally into two groups and then enlarged sequentially using the BioRace system and TF Adaptive system according to manufacturer protocol. Co-registered images, before and after preparation, were evaluated for morphometric measurements of canal surface area, volume, structure model index, thickness, straightening, and un-instrumented surface area. Before and after preparation, data were statistically analyzed using a paired sample t-test. After preparation, data were analyzed using an unpaired sample test. The preparation by both systems significantly changed canal surface area, volume, structure model index, and thickness in both systems. There were no significant differences between instrument types with respect to these parameters (p > 0.05). TF Adaptive was associated with less straightening (8% compared with 17% for BioRace in the mesial canal, p > 0.05). Both instrumentation systems produced canal preparations with adequate geometrical changes. BioRace straightened the mesial canals more than TF Adaptive.

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