scholarly journals KEMISKINAN SOSIAL DI WAPEKO : Analisa Kapital Sosial (Studi Kasus Kampung Wapeko, Distrik Kurik, Kabupaten Merauke – Papua)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Rendra Permana ◽  
Robert M.Z. Lawang
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Orang Asli ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Bridging Social Capital

Memahami bentuk kapital sosial dalam masyarakat heterogen dapat membantu mendukung pembangunan sosial yang bermuara kepada pengentasan kemiskinan. Konsep kemiskinan sosial dari Lewandowsky digunakan sebagai alat analisis kemiskinan yang dihadapi orang Marind. Penelitian ini berfokus pada masalah kemiskinan dan kapital sosial di Kampung Wapeko, distrik Kurik, Kabupaten Merauke, Papua. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis gambaran bentuk kapital sosial masyarakat orang asli Papua (Marind) dan transmigran di kampung Wapeko serta fungsi kapital sosial yang terbentuk dari kedua masyarakat tersebut dalam pengentasan kemiskinan di kampung Wapeko. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian, diketahui profesi orang Marind sebagai subsisten (pemburu, peramu), belum mengolah sumber daya alam karena tidak adanya kemampuan teknis dan jaringan dalam pengelolaannya (bertani, berdagang). Orang Marind hanya mampu memiliki kebutuhan dasar (rumah, listrik, air bersih) serta akses ekonomi yang sangat terbatas. Kapital sosial warga Marind berupa bonding social capital dengan penekanan pada norma pembagian dan pengelolaan lahan, kekerabatan (marga), pemanfaatan hutan serta konservasi tradisional (sasi). Tipologi bonding social capital orang Marind menimbulkan kesulitan untuk dapat menghadapi perubahan kondisi kampung dari bentuk kehidupan tradisional menuju modern karena kapital sosial yang dimiliki tidak mampu menggapai secara maksimal kapital sosial dari kelompok lain yang lebih permisif. Warga transmigran di Wapeko memiliki bridging social capital dengan norma kerjasama (gotong royong) dan etos kerja pantang menyerah yang menimbulkan jaringan yang kuat dalam menjalankan beragam variasi mata pencaharian (bertani, berdagang, pegawai) sehingga kondisi ekonominya meningkat. Pelaksanaan norma warga transmigran menimbulkan kepercayaan dari orang Marind dalam hal pemberian akses pembagian dan pengelolaan lahan serta pemanfaatan hutan. Hal tersebut memicu munculnya bridging social capital diantara dua kelompok tersebut dengan penguatan pada munculnya norma sewa lahan dan perdagangan hasil hutan (pengepul) sehingga menimbulkan pergerakan kesejahteraan ekonomi di kedua pihak. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah kemiskinan yang terjadi pada orang Wapeko disebabkan karena tidak dimilikinya bridging social capital.

scholarly journals Social capital and economic growth in the regions of Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 0308518X2110000
Author(s):  
Jonathan Muringani ◽  
Rune D Fitjar ◽  
Andrés Rodríguez-Pose
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Regional Economic Growth ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Bridging Social Capital

Social capital is an important factor explaining differences in economic growth among regions. However, the key distinction between bonding social capital, which can lead to lock-in and myopia, and bridging social capital, which promotes knowledge flows across diverse groups, has been overlooked in growth research. In this paper, we address this shortcoming by examining how bonding and bridging social capital affect regional economic growth, using data for 190 regions in 21 EU countries, covering eight waves of the European Social Survey between 2002 and 2016. The findings confirm that bridging social capital is linked to higher levels of regional economic growth. Bonding social capital is highly correlated with bridging social capital and associated with lower growth when this is controlled for. We do not find significantly different effects of bonding social capital in regions with more or less bridging social capital, or vice versa. We examine the interaction between social and human capital, finding that bridging social capital is fundamental for stimulating economic growth, especially in low-skilled regions. Human capital also moderates the relationship between bonding social capital and growth, reducing the negative externalities imposed by excessive bonding.

scholarly journals Understanding the Potential Influence of WeChat Engagement on Bonding Capital, Bridging Capital and Electronic Word-of-Mouth Intention

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8489
Author(s):  
Hua Pang ◽  
Jingying Wang ◽  
Xiang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Electronic Word Of Mouth ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
Bridging Capital

As the most prevalent social media platform in mainland China, WeChat enables interpersonal communication among users and serves as an innovative marketing platform for enterprises to interact with consumers. Although numerous studies have investigated the antecedents of electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM), WeChat users’ specific behaviors still receive limited academic attention. Drawing from social capital theory and social exchange theory, this article develops a model to systematically explore three differentiated types of WeChat behaviors and their association with users’ social capital and e-WOM intention. The conceptual model is explicitly evaluated by utilizing web-based data gathered from 271 young people. Obtained results demonstrate the path effects indicating that: (1) WeChat use behaviors such as seeking, sharing, and liking can positively influence bonding social capital, while only the impacts of sharing and liking on bridging social capital are significant; (2) bonding and bridging social capital are both significant predictors of e-WOM intention, and bonding social capital is the more influential of the two; (3) bonding social capital partially mediates the effect of seeking on e-WOM intention. These findings are eloquent for researchers and operators to further grasp the increasing importance of WeChat adoption and social capital on young generations’ e-WOM intention in the evolving digital age.

scholarly journals Bridging and Bounding Social Capital: Social Interaction Analysis of Islets Islanders in Wakatobi Marine National Park

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-46
Author(s):  
Taane La Ola ◽  
Nur Isiyana Wianti ◽  
Muslim Tadjuddah
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
National Park ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the differences in the strength of social capital that is bonding and bridging two community groups, namely land-dwellers and Sama Bajo boat-dwellers in three islands in Wakatobi Marine National Park. This study used a post-positivistic research paradigm, and the primary data were collected by using a questionnaire to 240 respondents who represented the group of land-dwellers and Sama Bajo boat-dwellers on the islands of Wangi-wangi, Kaledupa, and Tomia. This research was also supported by qualitative data through in-depth interviews from several informants and desk studies. The results showed that bridging social capital relations tend to be weak in the two forms of interactions between the Sama Bajo and the land-dwellers on Wangi-wangi Island and Kaledupa Island, while bridging social capital tend to be secured in Tomia Island. We found that the social context through the historical links in the past and identity played a role in the relationship of bridging social capital and bonding social capital in the three communities as an analytical unit of this research.  

Online Social Capital Among Social Networking Sites' Users

2019 ◽  
pp. 90-119
Author(s):  
Azza Abdel-Azim Mohamed Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Social Networking Site ◽  
Abu Dhabi ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
Exchange Of Information

This research aimed to explore types of online social capital (bridging and bonding) that the Emiratis perceive in the context of social networking site (SNS) usage. A sample of 230 Emiratis from two Emirates, Abu Dhabi and Dubai, was used to investigate the hypothesis. The results showed that WhatsApp was the most frequent SNS used by the respondents. Also, a significant correlation of the intensity of social networking usage and bridging social capital was found, while there was no significant association between SNS usage and bonding social capital. The factors determined the SNSs usage motivations among the respondents were exchange of information, sociability, accessibility, and connections with overseas friends and families. Males were more likely than females to connect with Arab (non-Emiratis) and online bonding social capital. Both genders were the same in their SNSs motivations and online bridging social capital.

How do the Crowdfunders Judge the Crowdfunded?

2016 ◽  
pp. 78-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu-Claude Chaboud
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Venture Capital ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
Blue Chip

This chapter addresses the reactions from communities of early supporters of companies turning from participative forms of financing to classical venture capital and/or buyouts by blue chip firms. Through the study of two recent cases of major crowdfunding successes, namely Oculus VR, a Californian company which obtained nearly $2.5 Million in an exemplary Kickstarter campaign and was later bought by Facebook for $2 Billion, and Mojang, a Swedish company formed to manage the unprecedented success of a video game, Minecraft, sold to supporters from its unfinished versions, the firm being later purchased by Microsoft for $2.5 Billion. Both of these companies had to manage the changes in the nature of their relationships with their early supporters. This chapter proposes typologies of potentially harmful changes induced by attempts to transform bonding social capital into bridging social capital, as well as countermeasures available to entrepreneur to control the effects of such situations.

Social capital affects job performance through social media

2020 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 903-922
Author(s):  
Yung-Shen Yen ◽  
Mei-Chun Chen ◽  
Chun-Hsiung Su
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Male Workers

PurposeThis study aims to explore the impact of social capital on job performance when workers interact with coworkers through social media in organizations.Design/methodology/approachStructural equation modeling was conducted, and a sample of 230 workers in Taiwan was investigated.FindingsThis study found that bonding social capital has a greater impact on job performance than bridging social capital for interactions among coworkers through social media in organizations. Moreover, bridging social capital affects job performance more strongly for male workers than for female workers, but bonding social capital affects job performance more strongly for female workers than for male workers.Research limitations/implicationsThis study extended social capital theory by adding the mediating effects of job satisfaction and relational satisfaction and the moderating effect of gender into the model.Practical implicationsThis study suggests that company managers need to train workers how to use social media to appropriate their affordances and consider the work team relationship to position adequate strategies for male and female workers.Originality/valueThis study advances the previous knowledge of social capital theory for workers interacting with coworkers through social media in organizations.

Civic Engagement and Mass–Elite Policy Agenda Agreement in American Communities

2005 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
KIM QUAILE HILL ◽  
TETSUYA MATSUBAYASHI
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Policy Agenda ◽  
Democratic Representation ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Civic Associations ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
Democratic Responsiveness ◽  
Mass Public

We test propositions about how different forms of civic engagement are related to democratic representation in American communities. Our data are for the samples of communities, their citizens, and their leaders originally examined by Verba and Nie inParticipation in America(1972). Our analyses of those data indicate that membership in bridging social–capital civic associations is unrelated to democratic responsiveness of leaders to the mass public but that bonding social–capital membership is negatively associated with such responsiveness. We also demonstrate that bonding social–capital civic engagement weakens the democratic linkage processes inherent in elections.

scholarly journals Social capital and community representation: How multiform networks promote local democracy in Los Angeles

Urban Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 2521-2539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliet Musso ◽  
Christopher Weare
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Network Ties ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
Perceived Success ◽  
Governance Network ◽  
Community Representation

This paper examines the variant roles that specific forms of networked-based social capital play in supporting the democratic functions of a neighbourhood governance network in Los Angeles. A significant body of empirical work has demonstrated the positive role that social capital plays in the functioning of civil society, but there has been less attention to the manner in which different types of network-based social capital promote support efficacy of multifaceted civic organisations. This paper utilises network measures from a survey of the members of a neighbourhood governance network in Los Angeles to explore the associations between types of network ties – within group; among groups; to different external stakeholders – and perceived self-efficacy of the member associations. We find that internal cohesion, or bonding social capital, promotes both advisement of city officials and promotion of local participation, suggesting that this network-based resource is fungible. Other network structures appear to have value in different contexts, in that stakeholder connections promote participation, while bridging social capital is associated with perceived success in advising city officials. The findings suggest that architects of participatory reform should be attentive to system goals in establishing supports for varying forms of system relationships.

scholarly journals Post more! The mediating role of social capital between Instagram use and satisfaction with life

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda-Elisabeth Reimann ◽  
Phillip Ozimek ◽  
Elke Rohmann ◽  
Hans-Werner Bierhoff
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

AbstractSince more and more people have begun to use social networking sites (SNSs), research on the use of SNSs is flourishing. This study examines Instagram use and the psychological well-being of the users. It was conducted based on two samples (n1 = 143 and n2 = 320) examining the relationship between Instagram use, social capital, and satisfaction with life using online questionnaires. Social capital was divided into bonding and bridging social capital and Instagram use was distinguished depending on an active and passive mode, respectively. Instagram use was measured by a behavioral report – the Instagram Activity Questionnaire (IAQ) – which was developed in accordance with the Facebook-Activity Questionnaire (FAQ; cf., Ozimek & Bierhoff, 2016). The results indicated consistently in both samples the occurrence of positive associations between mode of Instagram use and social capital variables. Furthermore, only bonding social capital – not bridging social capital – was positively correlated to satisfaction with life. A path model showed that the negative association of active Instagram use and satisfaction with life was positively mediated by bonding social capital. These results are discussed based on social capital theory. Limitations of this investigation are pointed out and suggestions for future research are outlined.

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