scholarly journals Community Governance of Prostitution: Social Rehabilitation for Sex Workers through Social Capital

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-136
Author(s):  
Sudarmo - Sudarmo
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
City Government ◽  
Community Governance ◽  
Social Rehabilitation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Responsiveness

The Indonesian government has closed entire prostitution sites, one of them is Sunan Kuning with 500 sex workers in 2019. The study aims to investigate the implementation of social rehabilitation programs for its members through different networks covering social capital in bonding, bridging and linking social capital. This study used ethnographic method and showed that since the zone was covered by uncompromising Islamist group in 1998, the government was reluctant to manage prostitution and the area was reopened in 2003 after hundreds poor sex workers and procurers approached to local authorities and other parties to support them. Since then, the city government delegated authority to the society to manage it as a prostitution rehabilitation site. To be successful, the community required its members to obey established rules and created networks horizontally and vertically to diverse groups to provide health and social service and empowerment. However, the program implementation of social rehabilitation was ineffective because of limited networks and resources; community inconsistency to define prostitution rehabilitation, members’ inconstancy to follow agreed rules; lack of government responsiveness to the community conditions, and failure to define the substance problem. To solve this complex problem, it required continuing and synergistic collaborative governance with diverse stakeholders to resolve the problems. Keywords: Community Governance, Social Capital, Social Rehabilitation, Sex Workers. Abstrak Pemerintah Indonesia sudah memutuskan untuk menutup semua lokasi prostitusi, salah satunya adalah Sunan Kuning dengan jumlah hampir 500 pelacur, pada 2019. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menelaah secara rinci bagaimana komunitas pekerja seks, Sunan Kuning Semarang mengimplementasikan program rehabilitasi sosial bagi para anggotanya melalui bentuk-bentuk jaringan yang mencakup modal sosial secara bonding, bridging dan linking. Dengan menggunakan metode etnografi, studi ini memperlihatkan bahwa sejak zona tersebut ditutup oleh kelompok Islam yang tidak kenal kompromi pada tahun 1998, pemerintah kota enggan untuk menangani prostitusi, dan area tersebut dibuka kembali pada tahun 2003 setelah ratusan pelacur miskin dan mucikari mendekati para tokoh lokal dan pihak lain untuk mendukung mereka. Sejak itu, pemerintah kota melimpahkan otoritas kepada komunitas untuk mengelolanya sebagai wilayah rehabilitasi sosial bagi para pekerja sex. Agar rehabilitasi sosial berhasil, komunitas mengharuskan anggotanya untuk mematuhi peraturan yang berlaku dan membuat jaringan secara horizontal dan vertikal ke berbagai kelompok untuk menyediakan layanan kesehatan dan sosial dan pemberdayaan. Namun implementasi program rehabilitasi sosial tersebut tidak efektif karena keterbatasan jaringan dan sumberdaya; ketidakkonsistenan komunitas dalam memaknai rehabilitasi prostitusi; ketidakkonsistenan anggota untuk mengikuti aturan yang disepakati; kurangnya responsivitas pemerintah terhadap kondisi komunitas; dan kegagalan dalam mendefinisikan substansi masalah dengan tepat. Untuk memecahkan masalah yang sangat kompleks ini secara efektif memerlukan collaborative governance yang melibatkan berbagai pemangku kepentingan secara berkesinambungan dan inergis. Kata Kunci: Tata Kelola Komunitas, Modal Sosial, Rehabilitasi Sosial, Pekerja Sex.

scholarly journals Penyusunan Rancangan Qanun Pengelolaan Satwa Liar di Aceh

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Rachmatika Lestari ◽  
Eza Aulia ◽  
Phoenna Ath-Thariq ◽  
Asmaul Husna
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
City Government ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Expert Team ◽  
Human Conflict ◽  
The Government

Human conflict with wildlife is a complex problem because it isn’t only related to human safety but also with the safety of wildlife itself. Conflicts that have occurred have pushed the Government of Aceh, District/City Government and related parties to be more wise in understanding the lives of wild animals so that the handling and prevention measures can be optimized and based on the root of the problem. For this reason, a legal protection is needed in the form of a qanun which is expected to be able to integrate all available resources to protect wildlife in Aceh. The method of implementation in community service is to get involved with the expert team Commission II DPRA in drafting the Qanun of Wildlife Management until finally the qanun was ratified on 27 September 2019 and then promulgated to be Qanun on 29 October 2019. The participation of the authors in the drafting of the draft qanun of wildlife includes part of the process of forming the qanun, including starting from the stages of planning, drafting, and discussion. While the stages of ratification or stipulation, enactment and dissemination are carried out by the DPRA and the Government of Aceh itself in accordance with their respective duties, functions and authorities.

scholarly journals Determinan Kinerja Usaha Mikro (Studi Pada Usaha Mikro Di Kecamatan Wenang, Manado)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 09-26
Author(s):  
Paskanova Christi Gainau
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
City Government ◽  
Result Show ◽  
The Government

Nowadays, regarding increasing number of micro-business in urban areas,  achieving competitive advantage is considered as one of the business concerns. Obtaining competitive advantage entails specific requirements that social capital, physical capital, and human capital - is regarded as one of the most important factors. This study aims to examine the effect of capital to the performance of microbusinesses. The sample of this study was 31 micro-businesses in Wenang subdistrict, Manado, who were selected by simple random sampling.  After distributing the questionnaires, the data analysis was done by SmartPLS 3.0 M3. The result show that social capital and physical capital had no significant effect on the performance of micro-business, while human capital had a positive, and significant effect on the business performance. The implication is the Manado City government has to make the labor of micro-business as the target of empowerment activities that are organized by the government, private sector, bank, NGOs, domestic or foreign. In the long term, it can drive the micro-industry to the small and medium industries.  

scholarly journals Kolaborasi Antara Pt Gas Negara Dengan Pemerintah Kota Yogyakarta Dalam Mewujudkan Smart City

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenny Kurniasari ◽  
Eko Priyo Purnomo ◽  
Lubna Salsabila
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
City Government ◽  
Optical Fiber Networks ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Yogyakarta City

This study aims to describe the form of collaborative governance between the Government of Yogyakarta City and the business sector, namely PT Gas Negara in realizing smart cities. The focus of this research is to describe the process of cooperation between the two parties (Government and Private) so that a memorandum of understanding is created to support smart city. This study uses the cross-sector collaboration theory of John M Bryson and Barbara C. Crosby who mentioned collaborative governance must pay attention to the process. This study uses a qualitative patterned research method, while the data from this study are obtained through participant observation, in-depth interviews, document analysis, media and literature. Data in this study were analyzed using data triangulation techniques. Following are some of the findings from this study. First, PT Perusahaan Gas Negara Tbk signed a memorandum of understanding with the Yogyakarta City Government in supporting the smart city program by providing infrastructure and utilizing natural gas as an alternative energy source. Second, PT PGN developed the PGN 360 Degree Integrated Solution service as a follow-up to the provision of electronic-based services and thirdly, the Yogyakarta City Government utilized the ICT services / provider of optical fiber networks owned by PT PGN as a support for smart cities.

scholarly journals EVALUASI PROGRAM REHABILITASI SOSIAL DAERAH KUMUH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KUALITAS HIDUP WARGA DI KELURAHAN NGAGELREJO, KECAMATAN WONOKROMO KOTA SURABAYA

ASKETIK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-109
Author(s):  
Valeria Ulu ◽  
Nihayatus Sholichah
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
City Government ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Social Rehabilitation ◽  
Improvement Programs

Housing and settlements are one of the basic human needs that are important factors in improving human dignity and the quality of a prosperous life in a just and prosperous society. . The problem of slums which is mostly inhabited by the poor is a complex and intertwined phenomenon, because it has long been a social problem in the community. One of the efforts of the Surabaya City Government to reduce uninhabitable housing is through the Slum Areas Social Rehabilitation Program (RSDK).               Research on the Evaluation of the Slum Region Social Rehabilitation Program for Improving the Quality of Life of Residents was carried out to describe the extent of the Evaluation and Impact of the Implementation of the RSDK Program, using descriptive qualitative research methods based on the criteria of Effectiveness, Efficiency, Adequacy, Equality, Responsiveness and Accuracy.               The results of this evaluation indicate that in general the Program Implementation was sufficient to meet the criteria targeted at the implementation program. In terms of efficiency, program implementation still has shortcomings due to the minimum timeframe specified and also the implementation process that is appropriate to the cost per stage. Adequacy is judged by the success of the development is still low due to complaints from some program beneficiaries. The similarity is seen based on the costs incurred for the Construction of Home Improvements have been carried out fairly. The level of community responsiveness related to program implementation is quite good because of the role of the local community in helping the program implementation process. The accuracy of the program implementation related to the results or program objectives are in accordance with what is desired. The physical impact that occurs with the construction of uninhabitable housing improvement programs can help the development of environmental conditions in the communities living in slums. Meanwhile, the social impact that occurs is to bring up value that is useful and useful for the needs of people's lives.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN WALIKOTA DENPASAR NOMOR 36 TAHUN 2018 TENTANG PENGURANGAN PENGGUNAAN KANTONG PLASTIK

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ni Nengah Karuniati ◽  
Noor Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
City Government ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
The Government

The problem of plastic waste must be handled not only by the government but also by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and the community. There are still many people who are using plastic bags in their daily lives. This lack of awareness of those people of reducing plastic bags is caused by; (a) Lack of social support that includes socio-cultural and community involvement to obey the rules, (b) lack of support from human and non-human resources, and (c) lack of support from the ability of executing agents – bureaucracy, norms and clear work patterns. Based on these facts, the research problem of this study is; how is the implementation of Denpasar Mayor Regulation Number 36 of 2018 on the use of plastic bags. This research was conducted qualitatively to determine and analyse the implementation of this regulation. Quantitative and qualitative data of this research were from primary and secondary data which were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and from internet. Based on the theory of G. Shabbir Cheema and Dennis A. Rondinelli, there are four variables, namely condition of community environment, relationship between organizations, organizational resources for program implementation, and characteristics and capabilities of executing organization. The efforts and strategies that have been made by Denpasar City Government include among other things collecting data of the use of plastic bags, signing joint commitments, doing campaigns, arranging talk shows, and making policies one of which is Denpasar Mayor Regulation No. 36 of 2018.   Masalah sampah plastik harus ditangani tidak saja oleh pemerintah tapi juga oleh lembaga swadaya masyarakat (LSM) dan masyarakat. Masih banyak masyarakat yang memakai kantong plastik dalam kesehariannya. Penyebab kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat dalam pengurangan kantong plastik adalah; (a) Kurangnya dukungan dari lingkungan yang mencakup sosio kultural serta keterlibatan masyarakat untuk menaati aturan, (b) kurangnya dukungan dari sumber daya manusia dan sumber daya non manusia, (c) dukungan yang kuramg memadai dari kemampuan agen pelaksana yaitu birokrasi, norma dan pola kerja yang jelas. Berdasarkan titik tolak dari fenomena tersebut, rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah; bagaimanakah implementasi Peraturan Walikota Denpasar Nomor 36 Tahun 2018 Tentang Pengurangan Penggunaan Kantong Plastik di kota Denpasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis implementasi Peraturan tersebut. Penelitian ini adalah  penelitian deskriptif yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif serta menggunakan data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data primer dan skunder dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan internet/daring, dan dikaji dengan teori  G. Shabbir Cheema dan Dennis A. Rondinelli yang mengungkapkan empat variabel: kondisi lingkungan masyarakat, hubungan antara organisasi instansi lain, sumber daya organisasi untuk implementasi program, dan karakteristik dan kemampuan agen pelaksana. Berbagai upaya dan strategi yang telah dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Kota Denpasar meliputi pendataan penggunaan kantong plastik, penandatanganan komitmen bersama, kampanye, sosialisasi, talkshow, penetapan regulasi/ kebijakan terkait seperti Peraturan Walikota Denpasar No. 36 Tahun 2018. 

scholarly journals The Role of Social Capital in Handling Covid-19 at the Local Level in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
. Wahyudi ◽  
Achmad Nurmandi ◽  
. Salahudin ◽  
Iradhad Taqwa Sihidi
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Local Level ◽  
City Government ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
City Community ◽  
The People ◽  
Community Volunteers ◽  
The Government ◽  
To Come

The Covid-19 pandemic is a multidimensional problem that requires the government to be adaptive and creative in mobilizing all available resources. It's not just a matter of solutive policies, but more than that, social capital is needed because handling the Covid-19 crisis must involve the cooperation of all parties. This study aims to provide an analysis of how social capital works in handling Covid-19 in Blitar City, Indonesia. The focus is seeing response from Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD) and community elements consisting of Covid Task Force, Community Organizations (Ormas), Community / Community Volunteers, RT / RW, and other components in the Blitar City community. This study shows that social capital in Blitar City works well. There is mutual trust and strengthen cooperation between the government and the people to come out of the crisis together. The City Government has succeeded in showing good responsiveness accompanied by coordination and cross-stakeholder communication, increasing trust in the government, and that is the key to public compliance with social mobility restrictions and recommendations for obeying health protocols. Although this compliance is not followed by all people, at least in general social solidarity has been formed which is the main key in handling the Covid-19 crisis.   Received: 15 July 2021 / Accepted: 7 October 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021

scholarly journals Knowledge Network for Sustainable Local Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1124
Author(s):  
Freddy Marín-González ◽  
Alexa Senior-Naveda ◽  
Mercy Narváez Castro ◽  
Alicia Inciarte González ◽  
Ana Judith Paredes Chacín
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Knowledge Networks ◽  
Knowledge Network ◽  
Deductive Inference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Exchange Network ◽  
The Relationship

This article aims to build a network for the exchange of knowledge between the government and production, community and university sectors for sustainable local development. To achieve this, the authors relied on the concepts of sustainable local development, social capital, the relationship between sectors or intersectorality, networks and interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary knowledge. Regarding the methodology, the abductive method was used. Under a documentary design, the research techniques were a content analysis of theoretical documents and the deductive inference technique. The construction of a knowledge exchange network for sustainable local development stands out as the result. It is concluded that knowledge networks for sustainable local development have positive implications in the establishment of alliances and links between the sectors that make up society.

scholarly journals Assessing the influence of social capital on water point sustainability in rural Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret T. Person ◽  
Maryann G. Delea ◽  
Joshua V. Garn ◽  
Kelly Alexander ◽  
Bekele Abaire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
Rural Ethiopia ◽  
Resource Governance ◽  
Water Point ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Despite considerable investment, sustainability of rural water resources remains a critical challenge in Ethiopia. Evidence suggests social capital – the networks, norms, and trust that facilitate cooperative behaviors – influences a community's ability to manage communal water resources. In turn, strong community governance of water resources may lead to sustainable resource management. Existing evidence provides a framework for exploring the relationship between social capital and governance of common-pool resources. However, there is a dearth of quantifiable evidence demonstrating the relationship between social capital, collaborative governance, and, in turn, sustainability of communal water resources. In 32 communities in rural Ethiopia, we employed a validated survey tool, developed by the World Bank, to quantify social capital and explore these relationships. We found associations between governance and several social capital domains: groups and networks, trust and solidarity, and information and communication. All governance indicators were associated with functionality. Identifying domains of social capital that influence governance can inform institutional efforts to target community-based water resource programming, foster social capital to improve water point sustainability, and diagnose issues related to resource management. Additional research examining the influence and directionality of social capital and other social constructs on water resource governance and functionality is warranted.

COVID-19, migration and inclusive cities through e-governance: strategies to manage asylum seekers in Durban, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Kariuki ◽  
Maria Lauda Goyayi ◽  
Lizzy Oluwatoyin Ofusori
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Public Services ◽  
City Government ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Governance Strategies ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

Purpose This paper aims to examine the role of electronic governance (e-governance) in enabling asylum seekers’ access to public services in the city of Durban, South Africa. Because of COVID-19, the government scaled down its operations, limiting access to public services, including among migrants. Design/methodology/approach Because of COVID-19-related restrictions, a systematic review was conducted of the relevant academic literature as well as the information portals of relevant government departments, municipalities and research reports on migration and refugees in South Africa. A total of 320 peer-reviewed research articles were identified. These were filtered and 68 relevant articles were selected. Findings The study found that asylum seekers have limited access to public services via information communication technology-enabled mechanisms. Whilst the city government has embraced e-governance, it is still in its nascent stages. Research limitations/implications This study was limited to a desktop one because of COVID-19 restrictions and it focused exclusively on asylum seekers. Therefore, its findings can only be generalised to this category of people. Practical implications Future studies on this subject should gather data from all categories of migrants to gain in-depth perspectives. Social implications All spheres of governance in South Africa should recognise asylum seekers as a constituency that deserves access to public services. E-governance can facilitate easier access to these services, and policies need to be aligned with this reality. Originality/value This study examined the efficacy of e-governance in enabling access to government services by asylum seekers during COVID-19. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no other study on this subject was conducted during this period.

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