scholarly journals Geological Structure Analysis to Determine the Direction of the Main Stress at Western Part of Kolok Mudik, Barangin District, Sawahlunto, West Sumatera

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Miftahul Jannah ◽  
Adi Suryadi ◽  
Muchtar Zafir ◽  
Randi Saputra ◽  
Ihsanul Hakim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Reverse Fault ◽  
Geological Structures ◽  
The North ◽  
Main Stress

On the study area there are three types of structure, those are fault, fold and joint. Types of fault were found  in the study area, reverse fault with the strike/dip is N215oE/75o, normal fault has a fault directions N22oE and N200oE with pitch 35o, and dextral fault with pitch 10o and strike N219oE. Fold and joint structures used to determine the direction of the main stress on the study area. Further, an analysis used stereonet for data folds and joints. So that from the data got three directions of main stress, those are Northeast – Southwest (T1), North – South (T2) and Southeast – Northwest (T3). On the Northeast – Southwest (T1) stress there are four geological structures, anticline fold at ST.3 , syncline folds at ST. 13a, ST. 13b, ST. 13c and ST. 33, chevron fold at ST. 44 and joint at ST. 2. On the North – South (T2) stress there are three geological structures, those are syncline fold at ST. 35, anticline fold at ST. 54 and joints at ST. 41, ST. 46 and ST. 47. On the Southeast – Northwest (T3) stress were also three geological structures, those are chevron fold at ST 42a, overturned fold at ST. 42b, syncline fold at ST. 42c and joints at ST. 5 and ST. 34.

scholarly journals Multi-Phase Tectonic Movements and Their Controls on Coalbed Methane: A Case Study of No. 9 Coal Seam from Eastern Yunnan, SW China

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 6003
Author(s):  
Ming Li ◽  
Bo Jiang ◽  
Qi Miao ◽  
Geoff Wang ◽  
Zhenjiang You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coalbed Methane ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Local Deformation ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Reverse Fault ◽  
Geological Structures ◽  
Dextral Shear ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Tectonic Movements

Multi-phase tectonic movements and complex geological structures limit the exploration and hotspot prediction of coalbed methane (CBM) in structurally complex areas. This scientific problem is still not fully understood, particularly in the Bumu region, Southwest China. The present paper analyses the occurrence characteristics and distribution of CBM based on the comprehensive analysis of CBM data. In combination with the analysis of the regional tectonics setting, geological structure features and tectonic evolution. The control action of multi-phase tectonic movements on CBM occurrence are further discussed. Results show that the Indosinian local deformation, Yanshanian intense deformation, and Himalayan secondary derived deformation formed the current tectonic framework of Enhong synclinorium. The intense tectonic compression and dextral shear action in the Yanshanian and Himalayan movements caused the complex geological structures in Bumu region, composed of the Enhong syncline, associated reverse faults and late derived normal fault. The CBM distribution is complex, which has the central and western NNE-trending high gas content zones along the syncline hinge zone and the reverse faults. The geological structure controls on CBM enrichment are definite and important. Based on geological structure features and responses of gas content, methane concentration, and gas content gradient, the gas controlling patterns of geological structure are determined and can be classified into five types: the reverse fault sealing, syncline sealing, monoclinal enrichment, normal fault dispersion, and buried floor fault dispersion types. The structural compression above the neutral surface plays an important role in the syncline sealing process, which is indicated by an increase in gas content gradient. The EW-trending tectonic intense compression and dextral shear action in the Himalayan movement avoided the negative inversion of NNE-trending Yanshanian compressive structure and its destruction of CBM reservoir. However, the chronic uplift and derived normal fault during Himalayan period caused the constant dissipation of CBM.

scholarly journals Geology Of Tanjung Medan ,Rokan IV Koto , Rokan Hulu District, Riau Province

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Budi Prayitno ◽  
Susilo Susilo
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Reverse Fault ◽  
Granite Intrusion ◽  
The North ◽  
Main Stress ◽  
Fault Block ◽  
Basement Rocks ◽  
Approach Method

The Administrative of research area has been in Tanjung Medan, Rokan IV Koto, Rokan Hulu, Riau Province and geographically located at 0 ° 37 '28.488 "- 0 ° 40' 10.3692" LU and 100 ° 24 '55.6884 "- 100 ° 27 '37.5804 "BT. Research method used approach method and laboratory analysis to get data of geology modeling and re-construction of geological history in research area. Based on surface observation, the geology of research area consists of Slate (Permian-carbon), Granite intrusion (Permian-Trias) with distribution SouthWest-SouthEast on the center of map. Arenite Sandstone unit (Easly Eocene) unconformity with slate on the bottom. Alluvial Rokan river crosses all type off rocks from north to south of map. While structure growth  in the research area have been joints structure with main stress Southwest-NorthEast, its similar with trend tectonic setting of Sumatra island, on the other hand reverse fault indicates the formation of a basin of extension stress in the early Eocene. the formation of basins in basement rocks begun at the time of the formation of the north-south trending northern form of the fault block forming horst and graben as well as accommodated the precipitation of pre-tertiary clastic materials. Whereas the Oligocene trans-tensional compression system accommodating the sedimentation system in the formed of arenite sandstone (SBPa) unconformity above the basement rocks simultaneously on the basin base decrease. The distribution of arenite sandstones based on the geological reconstruction covering all parts of the rock distribution which then undergoes the same weathering process of the formation of Bukit Barisan volcanic path that controls the development of geological structure up to the present.

scholarly journals Geological Structure Interpretation of Coalbed Methane Enrichment Area based on VMDC and Curvature Attributes

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2852
Author(s):  
Yaping Huang ◽  
Hanyong Bao ◽  
Xuemei Qi
Keyword(s):  
Coalbed Methane ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Positive Curvature ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Geological Structures ◽  
Structure Characteristics ◽  
Geological Models

Geological structures play a leading role in the occurrence characteristics of coalbed methane (CBM), and curvature attributes are an important geometric seismic attribute that can be used to identify a geological structure. In view of the characteristics of curvature attributes which are easily affected by noise, this paper proposes a method based on variational mode decomposition and correlation coefficients (VMDC) for denoising, and then extracts curvature attributes for geological structure interpretation. The geological models with anticline, syncline and normal fault structure characteristics are constructed, and curvature attributes of geological models without noise and with different percentages of random noise are calculated respectively. According to the time window test results, the 5 × 5 time window is more suitable in the case of no noise, while 9 × 9 time window is more suitable when there is noise. The results also show that both the median filtering and VMDC can suppress random noise, but VMDC can suppress noise better and improve the accuracy of curvature attributes. Mean curvature attributes can effectively identify geological structures such as anticlines, synclines and faults. Gauss curvature is not ideal for identifying geological structures. Both the maximum positive curvature and the minimum negative curvature have obvious responses to some geological structures. The method has been applied to a CBM enrichment area prediction in Qinshui Basin, China, and the geological structure characteristics of this area have been preliminarily interpreted. The known CBM content information verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Control litológico y estructural de los deslizamientos en el monte Rodiles (Asturias, España) Lithological and structural control of landslides in the Rodiles Hill (Asturias, Spain)

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (36) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
S. Llana Fúnez
Keyword(s):  
Structural Control ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Reverse Fault ◽  
Cantabrian Mountains ◽  
The North ◽  
Jurassic Rock ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Historic Settlement ◽  
The Hill

Resumen: El monte Rodiles, situado en el margen oriental de la ría de Villaviciosa, conserva evidencias de ocupación histórica desde sus orígenes como castro romanizado. El asentamiento está limitado en su vertiente sur por los restos de una muralla defensiva, mientras que en la ladera nororiental existen escarpes rocosos que debieron de actuar como defensa del enclave. Este trabajo realiza un análisis del relieve y revisa la estructura del sustrato geológico en el entorno próximo para determinar el origen de los escarpes en la ladera nordeste. Los datos de campo y el análisis de la topografía permiten identificar la existencia de varios deslizamientos que afectan a gran parte de la ladera nororiental del monte Rodiles. La masa deslizada aprovecha la inclinación de la sucesión litológica del Jurásico hacia el NE. La existencia de un nivel de arcillas, mecánicamente incompetentes, por debajo de los conglomerados de la Formación La Ñora, mecánicamente más competentes, permite el movimiento de la ladera hacia el mar. Estos escarpes están además alineados con la terminación lateral de una falla normal Mesozoica reactivada posteriormente como una falla inversa durante el levantamiento de la Cordillera Cantábrica. Las cicatrices de los deslizamientos, desarrolladas sobre niveles métricos de conglomerados fracturados, constituyeron por tanto una defensa natural del enclave histórico.Palabras clave: enclave histórico, deslizamientos, estabilidad de taludes, conglomerados jurásicos.Abstract: The Rodiles hill, on the eastern shores of the Villaviciosa estuary, preserves evidences of historic occupation since the romans. The settlement has a defensive wall in the south and is bounded to the north by a cragged slope to the sea. This work investigates the relief and the structure of the rocks in the area aiming at finding an origin for the crags in the northeastern slope of the hill. Field observations and the analysis of the topography reveal the presence of several landslides that affect most of the northeastern hillside. The dip of the Jurassic rock sequence to the NE and the presence of a two meter-thick layer of shales, mechanically very plastic, below the La Ñora conglomerates Formation, mechanically very competent, favours the slip of the hillside. The scarps are aligned with the lateral termination of a Mesozoic normal fault, reactivated as a reverse fault during the formation of the Cantabrian Mountains. The head scarps at the back of the landslides, developed on fractured conglomerates, constituted a natural defence during the historic settlement.Keywords: historic settlement, slides, slope stability, Jurassic conglomerates.

scholarly journals Analisis Parameter Gempabumi Dengan Struktur Geologi Di Daerah Asparaga, Gorontalo

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ratna Sari Madusila ◽  
Intan Noviantari Manyoe ◽  
Cindi Claudia Male
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Image ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Geological Structures ◽  
Point Distribution ◽  
The North ◽  
Prone Area ◽  
Complex Geological Structure ◽  
Satellite Image Data ◽  
Earthquake Data

Gorontalo is an area located in the North Arm of Sulawesi which has a complex geological structure as a result of the submergence of the Sulawesi Sea and East Sangihe so that this area is considered an earthquake-prone area. The existence of the regional structure and the mapping of the earthquake point distribution is interesting to be studied more deeply because it affects seismic activity in the area. The purpose of this study is to analyze earthquakes in the Asparaga area based on their depth and magnitude and to relate them to the geological structures found in the study area. The earthquake data used were obtained from USGS. Satellite image data used is the SRTM satellite image. Earthquake data is mapped to produce depth maps, magnitude maps, and earthquake zoning maps. Lineament data were processed using a rosette diagram. Lineament can reflect the morphology observed on the earth's surface as a result of the activity of geological forces. The results showed that the Asparaga area had shallow earthquake depths and moderate to large magnitudes. The focus of the earthquake was right on the path traversed by the geological structure and its relatively northwest-southeast direction. The geological structure in the research location is the epicenter of the earthquake because it is crossed by regional geological structures.

scholarly journals Gravity anomaly to identify Walanae fault using second vertical derivative method

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Marsellei Justia ◽  
Muhammad Fikri H Hiola ◽  
Nur Baiti Febryana S
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Data ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Reverse Fault ◽  
The South ◽  
Vertical Derivative ◽  
The North ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Free Air Anomaly ◽  
Fault Mechanism

<p class="Abstract">Research has been conducted to identify the Walanae Fault, coordinates 4–6 S and 118-120 E using anomalous gravity data. This research uses data measurement of Topography and the Free Air Anomaly from the TOPEX/Poseidon satellite. Then the authors processed to obtain the bouguer anomalies and made modeling by using the Surfer 10. The authors used the Second Vertical Derivative (SVD) with filter Elkins of Moving Average then analyze the graph of the SVD. The results shows the value of the residual anomaly in the north of fault is 25.21 mGal, in the middle occur range 17.67 mGal to 24.98 mGal and 30,376 mGal in the south of fault. The authors indicates the existence of a difference between the gravity between the Walanae Fault with surrounding geologic. From these results also show that Walanae Fault has a reverse fault mechanism in the northern part and the normal fault mechanism in the middle to the south, the authors conclude that the Walanae Fault is divided into two segments, that is the northern and the southern segment.</p>

scholarly journals Geological Structure and Tectonic Reconstruction of Botutonuo and Surrounding Areas, Gorontalo

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anggun Farwati M Abdullah ◽  
Muhammad Kasim ◽  
Ronal Hutagalung
Keyword(s):  
Shear Fracture ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Structure Mapping ◽  
The North ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Tectonic Reconstruction ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Interpretation Method

<p class="Normal1"><em><span>The research aimed to reconstruct the geological structure and tectonics based on fault, shear fracture and veins data of the Botutonuo and surrounding areas. This research was conducted with DEM interpretation method to determine the lineament pattern of rock offsets and the geological structure mapping method. Geological structure analysis was carried out by using kinematic analysis method of fault, fracture and veins data using the Win Tensor program to obtain the direction and type of stress forming it. Based on the results of the analysis, extensive stress and transtensive stress trendingN-S resulted direction of Normal Fault and Slip Fault (NE-SW). Extensional stress trending (NE-SW) is the result of reorientation stress trending (N-S) in the North Sulawesi arm which is accommodated by the Gorontalo Fault regime. Normal fault and slip fault are the 2nd order faults of the 1st order faults of Gorontalo faults.</span></em></p>

scholarly journals Gas Content Evaluation of Coalbed Methane Reservoir in the Fukang Area of Southern Junggar Basin, Northwest China by Multiple Geophysical Logging Methods

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Ge ◽  
Dameng Liu ◽  
Yidong Cai ◽  
Yingjin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Coalbed Methane ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Junggar Basin ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Reverse Fault ◽  
Geophysical Logging

To study the gas potential of coalbed methane (CBM) in the Fukang area, southern Junggar Basin (SJB) of North China, different methods including multiple geophysical logging, the Kim method with proximate analysis data, and Langmuir adsorption were used to evaluate the gas content. Furthermore, the geological controls on gas content were evaluated. One hundred sixteen CBM wells with geophysical logging and 20 with field-measured gas content were adopted to assess the gas content in the Fukang area of SJB, NW China. The results show that the two geophysical logging variables (DEN and CNL) were favorable for evaluating the gas content due to the perfect correlation with the measured gas content. The gas content varies from 4.22 m3/t to 16.26 m3/t, and generally increases with increasing burial depth. The gas content in coal seams along the synclinal axis is significantly higher than that along the synclinal wing in the west zone. In the east zone, the gas content of the westward is higher than that of the eastward because of the fault coating effect by reverse fault. Generally, the gas content of the SJB is in the order of syncline > surrounding reverse fault > slope of syncline > slope of anticline > central of reverse fault, if only geological structure features are considered. The favorable areas for CBM concentration appear to be a composite gas controlling result of multiple geological factors. Two typical geological scenarios with low gas content and high gas content were revealed. In the Fukang area of SJB, the low gas content is mainly due to the normal fault and roof lithology of sandstone. The most favorable area of high gas content for CBM exploration and development is in the northeast, where reversed fault, synclinal axis, mudstone roof lithology, and burial depth coincide with high gas content.

scholarly journals Tectonic Relationships and Structural Development between Arjosari, Pacitan, East Java and Tawangmangu, Karanganyar, Central Java

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahrudin . ◽  
Ahmad Syauqi Hidayatillah ◽  
Muhammad Jabaris Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Normal Fault ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Structural Mapping ◽  
Structural Pattern ◽  
Volcanic Arcs ◽  
The North ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Complex Part ◽  
Main Stress ◽  
East West

Java Island has volcanic arcs at the south and at the middle which are spread in a east-west pattern called Southern Mountains Zone and Quaternary Mountains Zone. The east-west pattern resembles the structural pattern produced by the Java tectonic subduction. Based on this, research was carried out to determine tectonic relationships and structural development in the Southern Mountains Zone and the Quaternary Mountains Zone. The study was conducted by structural mapping of each zone, namely the Grendulu Fault in Pacitan Regency which belongs to Southern Mountain Zone and the Cemorosewu Fault in Karanganyar Regency which belongs to Quaternary Mountains Zone. The mapping shows that the Grendulu Fault is a horizontal fault with north-south main stress, while the Cemorosewu Fault is a normal fault with nearly vertical main stress. Based on these, it can be concluded that there is no direct, but indirect tectonic relationship that works between the two: both structures developed due to Java Subduction. The structural development of the Grendulu Fault is strongly influenced by Java Subduction, which the subduction gives north-south main stress that forms this fault. While Southern Mountains formed, Kendeng Basin was formed due to loading from the mass of Southern Mountains. The formation of Kendeng Basin was continued with the formation of the Mount Lawu Complex (part of Quarternary Mountains) where the Cemorosewu Fault developed. This fault is formed as a result of mass loading of the Mount Lawu itself and triggered by the slope from Kendeng Basin to the north.

scholarly journals Transboundary geophysical mapping of geological elements and salinity distribution critical for the assessment of future sea water intrusion in response to sea level rise

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1845-1862 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Jørgensen ◽  
W. Scheer ◽  
S. Thomsen ◽  
T. O. Sonnenborg ◽  
K. Hinsby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Salinity Distribution ◽  
Geological Structures ◽  
The North

Abstract. Geophysical techniques are increasingly being used as tools for characterising the subsurface, and they are generally required to develop subsurface models that properly delineate the distribution of aquifers and aquitards, salt/freshwater interfaces, and geological structures that affect groundwater flow. In a study area covering 730 km2 across the border between Germany and Denmark, a combination of an airborne electromagnetic survey (performed with the SkyTEM system), a high-resolution seismic survey and borehole logging has been used in an integrated mapping of important geological, physical and chemical features of the subsurface. The spacing between flight lines is 200–250 m which gives a total of about 3200 line km. About 38 km of seismic lines have been collected. Faults bordering a graben structure, buried tunnel valleys, glaciotectonic thrust complexes, marine clay units, and sand aquifers are all examples of geological structures mapped by the geophysical data that control groundwater flow and to some extent hydrochemistry. Additionally, the data provide an excellent picture of the salinity distribution in the area and thus provide important information on the salt/freshwater boundary and the chemical status of groundwater. Although the westernmost part of the study area along the North Sea coast is saturated with saline water and the TEM data therefore are strongly influenced by the increased electrical conductivity there, buried valleys and other geological elements are still revealed. The mapped salinity distribution indicates preferential flow paths through and along specific geological structures within the area. The effects of a future sea level rise on the groundwater system and groundwater chemistry are discussed with special emphasis on the importance of knowing the existence, distribution and geometry of the mapped geological elements, and their control on the groundwater salinity distribution is assessed.

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