scholarly journals Educational financing and improvement: conceptual issues and policy debates in the UK

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-480
Author(s):  
Carol Campbell ◽  
Vincent Carpentier ◽  
Geoff Whitty
Keyword(s):  
Social Investment ◽  
National Education ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
National Education Systems ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
British Experience ◽  
Funding Mechanisms ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

This paper explores the ways in which education funding questions relate to key policy issues facing contemporary governments. It demonstrates how decisions about the level and distribution of expenditure have different implications for national education systems, institutions and students. Following a general discussion of social investment in education, the paper identifies some specific policy considerations in recent attempts to improve the compulsory and post-compulsory sectors. Drawing in particular on British experience, the impact of decisions about expenditure and funding mechanisms on access and performance is considered. We conclude that funding issues cannot be resolved in purely technical terms, but are contingent upon ideological perspectives about broader economic and social priorities.

scholarly journals Demanded and Feared: Transnational Convergencies in National Educational Systems and Their (Expectable) Effects

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christel Adick
Keyword(s):  
Systems Approach ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
World Systems ◽  
World Systems Theory ◽  
Strong Argument ◽  
National Education ◽  
National Education Systems ◽  
Immanuel Wallerstein ◽  
The Impact

The article focuses on the impact of social developments related to ‘globalisation’ on education. In line with the world systems approach as most prominently expounded by Immanuel Wallerstein the author conceptualises globalisation not as a new development, but as the current expression of a long historical process originating in sixteenth century Europe. In order to make use of world systems theory for education, the author makes a strong argument in favour of taking Bourdieu's concepts of cultural capital and the relative autonomy of the educational system into account. On this basis, the author reviews a secondary analysis based on numerous studies of national education systems with respect to the various degrees of convergence, divergence and variation. It is argued with reference to the neo-institutionalist approach of the Stanford group that convergence and standardisation in education are not questions of affirmation or rejection as much as historical processes that by no means imply a deterministic implementation of an economic rationale.

At what cost?

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Sue Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
Government Funding ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

With childcare in the UK now being some of the most expensive in the world, questions about the sustainability of settings and the impact of funding on social mobility are at the centre of policy debates. Sue Cowley takes a look at the current situation with government funding and assesses the impact of the 30 hours entitlement.

Crisis, What Crisis?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Meen ◽  
Christine Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Housing Policy ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Housing Outcomes

The opening chapter provides an overview of the topics covered in the book, set in the context of the key policy debates that have taken place in recent years, not just in the UK but across countries facing similar issues. The chapter introduces the analytical approaches to be used. The methods are primarily those of economists – including modern as well as traditional techniques - but recognise the insights of other disciplines and the political constraints under which housing operates. The chapter stresses that housing cannot be divorced from the macroeconomy and monetary and fiscal policies are often more important to housing outcomes than policies directly aimed at housing. But housing also influences the economy which, particularly since the Global Financial Crisis, has added further constraints on housing policy.

scholarly journals Service user and carers perspectives of joint and integrated working between health and social care

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailsa Cameron ◽  
Lisa Bostock ◽  
Rachel Lart
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Integrated Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an update to a review of the joint working literature in the field of health and social care for adults, with particular emphasis given to the experiences of users and carers. Design/methodology/approach – The aims of the literature review remained largely the same as those of the original, they were to identify: models of joint working, evidence of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness and the factors promoting or hindering the models. However, to reflect the growing interest in the experiences of users and carers a fourth aim was added to map these experiences. Given their prominence in terms of policy debates about integration, the review focused on jointly organised services for older people and people with mental health problems in the UK only. Findings – The review demonstrates tentative signs that some initiatives designed to join-up or integrate services can deliver outcomes desired by government. Importantly some studies that report the experiences of users of services and carers suggest that they perceive benefits from efforts to join-up or integrate services. However it is our contention that the evidence is less than compelling and does not justify the faith invested in the strategy by current or previous governments. Originality/value – The study updates our knowledge of the impact of joint working in the field of health and social care for adults. Importantly the paper highlights what is known about the experiences of users and carers of joint/integrated services.

Never Waste a Crisis: Understanding the Welsh Policy Response to PISA in the Context of the Globally Structured Reform Agenda

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-191
Author(s):  
Lizzie Swaffield
Keyword(s):  
International Student ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Education Systems ◽  
National Education ◽  
Reform Agenda ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
National Education Systems ◽  
Modes Of Governance ◽  
The Impact

This article considers the nature of the globally structured reform agenda including the role of international organisations and the development of new supra-national modes of governance. It discusses the impact of this agenda on education policy within national education systems with a particular focus on the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development's (OECD) Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) as an example of the globally structured reform agenda. It explores the role PISA has in global educational governance and in influencing the transfer of policy between education systems. Policy responses to PISA are critically discussed with a particular focus on the response in Wales. It is argued that new supra-national modes of governance shape education systems and the transfer of policy between them, but that they are also used as a tool to further domestic political agendas in order to bring about reforms.

Study shows strong union presence specifically encourages use of person-centered human resource management (HRM) practices, but discourages performance-centered ones

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 4-6
Keyword(s):  
Senior Managers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Market Economies ◽  
Hrm Practices ◽  
The Usa ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Hr Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose The researchers wanted to find out a number of things. First, they wanted to assess the influence of strong unions on approaches to HRM. Second, they wanted to know if the strategic HR function had a positive effect on both person-centered and performance-centered HRM. Third, they tested the theory that the economic context had a significant influence on HRM practices. Companies in liberal market economies (LMEs), for example, were expected to adopt more performance-centered HRM, but for companies in coordinated market economies the reverse was likely to be true (CMEs). Design/methodology/approach Cristiani et al collected their data from the Cranet 2009 survey, the world’s largest comparative analysis of HRM practices. They sent out a questionnaire to senior managers responsible for HRM at private multinational companies. The authors sampled 3,406 firms across 14 countries. They placed six OECD nations in the LME group (Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the UK, and the USA) and ten in the CME group (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Japan, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, and the Netherlands). Findings The data revealed that the strategic HR function had a positive effect on the adoption of both person-centered and performance-centered HRM. The study also demonstrated that a more powerful union presence encouraged the use of person-centered approaches, whereas it discouraged performance-centered ones. The data suggested that the variety of capitalism (VoC) moderated the relationships between the strategic HR function role and performance-centered HMR, but the same impact on person-centered approaches was not found. Originality/value Proof of the moderating effect of the VoC shows that HR professionals – especially at multinationals - need to align their practices with the larger context in which their company is operating. The most valuable finding for businesses was the impact of a strong union presence on which HRM practices were likely to be accepted, or rejected.

Peran Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles Dalam Sistem Pajak Bumi di Pulau Jawa Tahun 1811-1816

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Yusup Hari Setyawan
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
The Past ◽  
System 2 ◽  
British Experience ◽  
Internal Sources ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Traffic Rules

This study aims to determine: 1) the background of Raffles in implementing the landrent system, 2) how the implementation of landrents 3) the impact after the implementation of landrents in Java in 1811-1816. This study uses a literature research method, in approaching events in the past so that historical events can be explained chronologically. The steps in this research are collecting data sources, criticizing both external and internal sources, continued with interpretation, and historiography. The results showed (1) the background of landrents replacing the forced cultivation system in Java was implemented inspired by the British experience in India. (2) The landrent system can be implemented if it can control the territory, either through diplomacy or a ceasefire to control the territory so that the system works, the landrent system was initially implemented per village, in 1814 it was changed to an individual tax system which actually made it worse, especially for farmers. (3) For the UK, the landrent system was implemented without responsibility, inconsistency in implementing the rules. For the island of Java, the implementation of the traffic rules running on the left, adopted from England, the crime rate decreased, paying attention to culture, Javanese literature, historical heritage. When the Dutch returned, the landrent system continued until 1830.

The impact of globalization on national education systems

Prospects ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel F. McGinn
Keyword(s):  
Education Systems ◽  
National Education ◽  
National Education Systems ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The impact of rail industry restructuring on incentives to adopt innovation: A case study of Britain

2018 ◽  
Vol 234 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Nash ◽  
Bryan Matthews ◽  
Andrew Smith
Keyword(s):  
Revenue Sharing ◽  
Government Leadership ◽  
Rail Industry ◽  
British Experience ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Access Charges ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dominant Operator

This paper examines whether there are features of the structure and regulation of the British rail industry which fail to provide adequate incentives for innovation and how to overcome those found. British experience is of wider interest because Britain has gone further than any other European country to try to provide appropriate incentives through sophisticated track access charges and performance regimes and through cost- and revenue-sharing arrangements. The methodology adopted in this study started with a literature review but then followed this up with a round of interviews in Britain and a more limited round of interviews in Germany and Sweden plus reports prepared by partners on Sweden, France and Slovenia. The two main issues identified are fragmentation of the rail system, so that the organisation bearing the costs of the innovation may not receive the benefits, and short time horizons produced by franchising and regulatory arrangements. A variety of solutions have been tried in different European countries, including the holding company model, government leadership and alliances or other cost- and revenue-sharing arrangements, but all have disadvantages as well as advantages, and the best approach to take depends on circumstances such as whether there is, or could be, a single dominant operator on the network concerned.

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