Relation of Motor Performance to Perceived Movement in Rorschach Inkblots

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Willner ◽  
Ira Belmont
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
Relational Concept

The present study examined the claim that an inverse relationship exists between the perception of movement and the production of motor activity. Since studies of motor activity and of perceived movement indicated that each is multidimensional in character, it was hypothesized, and the results obtained confirmed the fact, that no such inverse relationship exists. It was concluded that no simple inter-relational concept such as proposed by Herman Rorschach and by the Werner-Wapner sensory-tonic theory can be used as the basis for examining complex sensory and sensory-motor interactions.

Cognitive task during fatiguing exercise increases the sensory-motor performance in professional dancers

2019 ◽  
Vol 178 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ömer Pamuk ◽  
Mehmet A. Özçelik ◽  
Neşe Toktaş ◽  
Aliye Gündoğdu ◽  
İ. Ethem Hindistan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Performance ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
Fatiguing Exercise ◽  
Professional Dancers

scholarly journals Enhancement of Pentobarbital-induced Sleep by the Vaporized Essential Oil of Citrus keraji var. kabuchii and its Characteristic Component, γ-Terpinene

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Kobayashi ◽  
Hiroaki Takemoto ◽  
Ziqi Fu ◽  
Emiko Shimizu ◽  
Yukitaka Kinjo
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Spontaneous Motor Activity ◽  
Sedative Effects

Kabuchii (Citrus keraji var. kabuchii hort. ex Tanaka, Rutaceae) is a peculiar Okinawan citrus fruit. Local farmers cultivating various Citrus fruits say that the fragrance of Kabuchii is the most relaxing, but, there are few reports on the biological effects of the essential oil of Kabuchii and its chemical components [1]. In this study, the sedative effects of inhalation of the vaporized Kabuchii essential oil in open field, Rotarod, and pentobarbital sleep tests are compared with diazepam, as a positive control. In the open field test, both Kabuchii essential oil and diazepam decreased the spontaneous motor activity dose-dependently. The reduction in spontaneous motor activity in the 0.3 mg/cage (ca. 0.0278 mg/L) Kabuchii essential oil group was greater than that in the 1 mg/kg diazepam group. In the Rotarod test, Kabuchii did not affect the motor performance, even at the highest dosage tested (3 mg/cage), whereas diazepam decreased it dose-dependently. The effects of the major or characteristic components of Kabuchii, d-limonene, γ-terpinene, thymol, and p-cymene, were also evaluated in the open field and Rotarod tests. γ-Terpinene and thymol significantly decreased spontaneous motor activity at a dosage of 0.3 mg/cage, without affecting motor performance. Thus, γ-terpinene was estimated to be the main active component. Reduction in spontaneous motor activity by γ-terpinene in the open field test was not observed in intranasal zinc sulfate irrigation-induced anosmic mice. In the pentobarbital sleep test, both Kabuchii essential oil and diazepam potentiated pentobarbital-induced loss of the righting reflex (LRR). The LRR duration prolonging effects of both treatments were inhibited by pretreatment with flumazenil, a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. The LRR latency reducing effect of Kabuchii was not affected by flumazenil, while that of diazepam was suppressed by it. γ-Terpinene showed similar potentiating effects on pentobarbital-induced sleep. Thus, vaporized Kabuchii essential oil and its active component, γ-terpinene, have sedative effects comparable with diazepam without inducing motor incoordination, which is a well-known side effect of diazepam.

Correlations between sensory-motor functions and motor performance measured by optoelectronic kinesiology in 75-year-olds

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Matousek ◽  
K. Frändin ◽  
I. Gause-Nilsson ◽  
B. Johnels ◽  
G. Steg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Performance ◽  
Motor Functions ◽  
Sensory Motor

scholarly journals Control of motor activity in crayfish by the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone via motoneuron excitability and sensory-motor integration

2013 ◽  
Vol 216 (10) ◽  
pp. 1808-1818 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bacque-Cazenave ◽  
F. Bouvet ◽  
P. Fossat ◽  
D. Cattaert ◽  
J. P. Delbecque
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Motoneuron Excitability ◽  
Sensory Motor

scholarly journals Sensory-motor performance in seven-year-old children born extremely preterm

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piia Lönnberg ◽  
Ulla Niutanen ◽  
L. Diane Parham ◽  
Elina Wolford ◽  
Sture Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Performance ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Sensory Motor

The Effects of Vestibular Stimulation on the Sensory-Motor Performance of Handicapped Individuals: A Critical Review of the Literature

1984 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Michael A. Cass
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Linear Forms ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this article was to critically examine the literature dealing with the impact of vestibular stimulation on the sensory-motor performance of individuals evidencing handicapping conditions. The research examined consisted of studies in which vestibular stimulation was employed in conjunction with other intervention procedures and studies in which either angular or linear forms of vestibular stimulation were used as the sole form of treatment. Evidence supporting the supposition that vestibular stimulation enhances the sensory-motor performance of handicapped individuals was found to be tentative at best, and possible directions for future research were indicated.

scholarly journals Modulatory Action by the Serotonergic System: Behavior and Neurophysiology inDrosophila melanogaster

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zana R. Majeed ◽  
Esraa Abdeljaber ◽  
Robin Soveland ◽  
Kristin Cornwell ◽  
Aubrey Bankemper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Tryptophan Hydroxylase ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Receptor Subtype ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Feeding Behaviors ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Motor Circuits ◽  
Sensory Motor

Serotonin modulates various physiological processes and behaviors. This study investigates the role of 5-HT in locomotion and feeding behaviors as well as in modulation of sensory-motor circuits. The 5-HT biosynthesis was dysregulated by feedingDrosophilalarvae 5-HT, a 5-HT precursor, or an inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase during early stages of development. The effects of feeding fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, during early second instars were also examined. 5-HT receptor subtypes were manipulated using RNA interference mediated knockdown and 5-HT receptor insertional mutations. Moreover, synaptic transmission at 5-HT neurons was blocked or enhanced in both larvae and adult flies. The results demonstrate that disruption of components within the 5-HT system significantly impairs locomotion and feeding behaviors in larvae. Acute activation of 5-HT neurons disrupts normal locomotion activity in adult flies. To determine which 5-HT receptor subtype modulates the evoked sensory-motor activity, pharmacological agents were used. In addition, the activity of 5-HT neurons was enhanced by expressing and activating TrpA1 channels or channelrhodopsin-2 while recording the evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) in muscle fibers. 5-HT2 receptor activation mediates a modulatory role in a sensory-motor circuit, and the activation of 5-HT neurons can suppress the neural circuit activity, while fluoxetine can significantly decrease the sensory-motor activity.

scholarly journals Psychophysiological Mechanisms of Coordination Component of Psychomotor Abilities of the Musicians

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
S.G. Korlyakova
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Motor Memory ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Technique Development

Psychomotor abilities of the musician are implemented in performing technique and include muscle strength, endurance, speed of movements, coordination, motor memory. The article presents the materials of a theoretical study aimed to identify the level character of the coordination component of psychomotor abilities of musicians formation, to define the psychophysiological mechanisms that contribute to the effective development of musical-performing technique. The process of coordination component of psychomotor abilities of musicians formation reviewed in the light of N.. Bernstein theory on construction of movements, which most fully represents the interrelation of physiological and psychological mechanisms of a man motor activity. On the example of musical- performing activity of trained pianists the processes of intermuscular, spatial, sensory-motor (visual-motor, auditory-motor, tactile-motor) coordination formation are reviewed and in general – psychomotor coordination processes involved in musicians performing technique development.

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