Components Underlying the Relation between Field Dependence and Extraversion

Components of Eysenck's Extraversion scale were examined to account for previous findings indicating that field independence, as measured by individual and group forms of the embedded-figures test, is associated with Introversion. In two of the three samples of female university students, field independence, as measured by the Group Embedded Figures Test, was associated with low impulsivity and slow decision time, as measured by items on Eysenck's Extraversion scale.

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Use of the Group Embedded Figures Test with Children

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1983.57.1.199 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 199-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Bruce Thompson ◽

Murray M. Pitts ◽

Joan P. Gipe

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Style ◽

Field Dependence ◽

Age Groups ◽

Sixth Graders ◽

Field Independence ◽

Embedded Figures Test ◽

Embedded Figures ◽

Group Embedded Figures Test

Extensive previous research suggests that the cognitive style of field-independence/field-dependence has important implications for teaching and guidance. However, studies of the validity of group-administered measures which can be used with younger children are limited. The present study assessed the feasibility of using a widely recognized style measure, the Group Embedded Figures Test, with 45 fourth-, 42 fifth-, and 42 sixth-graders. The results were generally favorable with respect to the test's applicability to these age groups.

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Mobility-Fixity: Further Psychometric Data on the Field Independence of Accountants

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1995.80.2.515 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 80 (2) ◽

pp. 515-521 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tina Y. Mills

Keyword(s):

Field Dependence ◽

Test Scores ◽

Field Independence ◽

Embedded Figures Test ◽

Field Independent ◽

Psychometric Data ◽

Field Dependent ◽

Embedded Figures ◽

Group Embedded Figures Test

This study examined the performance of 49 accountants on the Group Embedded Figures Test and the Figural Intersections Test and used the two sets of scores to measure not only the accountants' field dependence-independence but also whether they may be mobile or fixed. This combination of test scores led to dividing accountants into one of four cognitive subtypes (field-independent scorers, both fixed and mobile, and field-dependent scorers, both fixed and mobile). The implications of mobility-fixity for accountants are discussed.

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Scores on Field Independence and Performance in Snooker

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1993.77.3f.1151 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 77 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1151-1154 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Terry McMorris ◽

Myles Francis ◽

Andrew MacDonald ◽

Kevin Priday

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Field Dependence ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Intermediate Level ◽

Field Independence ◽

Embedded Figures Test ◽

Sports Science ◽

Embedded Figures ◽

Group Embedded Figures Test ◽

And Performance

The purpose of this study was to compare the scores on the Group Embedded Figures Test, a measure of field dependence, for 25 male intermediate-level snooker players with scores of 25 intermediate-level sportsmen engaged in soccer, rugby, field hockey, and tennis and to examine the relation between scores on field dependence and performance on a snooker decision-making test. All the snooker players also took a test of decision making in snooker. The snooker players scored significantly more field independent than the sports-science majors on the Group Embedded Figures Test. A Pearson correlation of 0.78 was obtained between scores on the Group Embedded Figures Test and the decision-making test. As there may be an association between scores on field dependence and decision making in snooker, further research should examine sports like lawn bowls and pool where decisions are made in a static environment.

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Relation of Field Dependence to the “Philosophies of Human Nature”

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1969.24.1.197 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 197-198

Author(s):

Robert B. Duke

Keyword(s):

Human Nature ◽

Field Dependence ◽

The Other ◽

Field Independence ◽

Personality Variables ◽

Positive View ◽

Embedded Figures Test ◽

Embedded Figures ◽

Positive Correlations ◽

The One

To study the function of personality variables in the perception of other people, 52 undergraduate males were administered the Philosophies of Human Nature Scale and the Embedded-figures Test. Relatively low but significant positive correlations were found between field independence and trustworthiness, altruism, and the positive view of human nature. There was no significant correlation between field independence and strength of will, independence, complexity, and variability. Apparently, the personality of the one perceiving is relevant to what is perceived in the other person.

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Validation of a Children's Group Embedded Figures Test

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1977.44.3c.1259 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 44 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1259-1263 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Marlaine E. Lockheed ◽

Abigail M. Harris ◽

Meredith K. Stone ◽

Mary Lee Fitzgerald

Keyword(s):

Field Dependence ◽

Fourth Grade ◽

Fifth Grade ◽

Concurrent Validation ◽

Embedded Figures Test ◽

Embedded Figures ◽

Body Concept ◽

Group Embedded Figures Test ◽

Rod And Frame Test ◽

Rod And Frame

This paper describes the development and concurrent validation of a group-administered measure of field dependence for children. Subjects were 34 girls and 39 boys in the fourth-grade, and 35 girls and 40 boys in the fifth-grade. This measure was correlated with the Articulation of Body Concept measure for fourth-grade girls ( r = —.42) and boys ( r = —.59), and for fifth-grade girls ( r = —.64) and boys ( r = —.46). It was also correlated with scores on the Portable Rod-and-Frame Test for girls ( r = —.51) and boys ( r = —.39) at the fourth-grade.

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Effects of Speed Vs Accuracy Instructions and Field Dependence on College Students' Digit-Symbol Matching Performance

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1991.73.1.314 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 314-314 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jane L Wong ◽

Andrew R. Gilpin

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Field Dependence ◽

Test Scores ◽

Digit Symbol ◽

Embedded Figures Test ◽

Correct Digit ◽

Field Independent ◽

Embedded Figures ◽

Matching Performance ◽

Group Embedded Figures Test

Correct digit-symbol matches of 68 women were significantly higher than those of 26 men. Speed instructions led to higher scores than those for accuracy or a neutral approach. Field dependence (Group Embedded Figures Test scores) interacted with instructions and field independent subjects scored higher when instructed to be accurate.

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Group Embedded Figures Test: Psychometric Data for a Sample of High School Students

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1985.61.3f.1243 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 61 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1243-1248 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michael D. Leahy ◽

Suleiman D. Zalatimo

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

Test Time ◽

Public High School ◽

Field Independence ◽

School Students ◽

Present Sample ◽

Embedded Figures Test ◽

Embedded Figures ◽

Group Embedded Figures Test

The present study examined psychometric and normative data for a sample of 259 public high school sophomores (122 boys and 137 girls) who had been administered the Group Embedded Figures Test. For the combined group a Spearman-Brown coefficient of internal consistency of .88 was obtained between Sections 2 and 3 of the test. The present sample was significantly more field-dependent than the normative groups reported by other investigators, and no sex differences was observed with respect to field dependence/field independence. It is recommended that test time for administration of this instrument be extended to 6 min. for each section for samples of high school age.

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Pengaruh Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Pratikum Melalui Pendekatan Discovery Berbasis Inkuiri dan Gaya Kognitif Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa

JURNAL PIJAR MIPA ◽

10.29303/jpm.v15i2.1357 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 182

Author(s):

Eko Sugiarto ◽

Hartono Hartono ◽

Subandowo Subandowo

Keyword(s):

Field Independence ◽

Embedded Figures Test ◽

Embedded Figures ◽

Post Test ◽

Group Embedded Figures Test

Pemilihan model atau metode pembelajaran yang sesuai untuk materi pelajaran tertentu, karakteristik materi pelajaran, dan karakteristik peserta didik (gaya kognitif) terhadap pencapaian hasil belajar. Penelitian eksperimen ini dengan desain treatment by level 2x2. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu 2 kelas eksperimen dan 2 kelas kontrol, masing-masing kelas berjumlah 38 peserta didik baik dari SMP Negeri 17 Surabaya maupun dari SMP Negeri 16 Surabaya, yang secara empirik dipandang cukup homogen serta memiliki karakter yang relatif sama. Instrumen yang digunakan terdiri dari 2 instrumen yaitu (1) instrumen untuk mengukur gaya kognitif dan (2) instrumen untuk mengukur hasil belajar. Instrumen yang pertama adalah Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) untuk mengukur gaya kognitif, sedangkan instrument yang kedua adalah tes pengetahuan awal (pre-test) dan setelah perlakuan (post-test) yang terdiri dari 20 soal pilihan ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai probabilitas signifikansi < 0,05 maka kesimpulan H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Hal ini terbukti; (1) Ada perbedaan antara model pembelajaran pratikum melalui pendekatan discovery berbasis inkuiri dengan model pembelajaran pratikum tanpa melalui pendekatan discovery berbasis inkuiri pada materi sistem gerak pada manusia terhadap hasil belajar kelas 8 pada tahun pelajaran 2018-2019 di SMP Negeri 17 dan SMP Negeri 16 Surabaya; (2) Ada perbedaan antara gaya kognitif tinggi atau field Independence (FI) dan gaya kognitif rendah atau dependence (FD) pada materi sistem gerak pada manusia terhadap hasil belajar kelas 8 pada tahun pelajaran 2018-2019 di SMP Negeri 17 dan SMP Negeri 16 Surabaya; (3) Ada interaksi antara model pembelajaran pratikum melalui pendekatan discovery berbasis inkuiri dan gaya kognitif terhadap hasil belajar kelas 8 pada tahun pelajaran 2018-2019 di SMP Negeri 17 dan SMP Negeri 16 Surabaya.

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Field-Dependence and Stability of Self-View

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1976.43.2.563 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 563-566 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Willem Claeys ◽

Paul Deboeck ◽

Nicole Viaene

Keyword(s):

Field Dependence ◽

Self Report ◽

Personality Factor ◽

Field Independence ◽

Emotional Instability ◽

Embedded Figures Test ◽

Field Independent ◽

Field Dependent ◽

Embedded Figures ◽

Second Year

Contrary to Witkin's opinion, field-dependent individuals are expected to show higher stability of self-view than field-independent individuals. 73 Belgian second-year university students were submitted to the Group Embedded Figures Test. The Five Personality Factor Test measuring extraversion, friendliness, emotional instability, conscientiousness and general culture, was administered to each student for self-description (self-report) and to both parents for description of the student (mother's report and father's report). The decrease of correlation between self-report and parent's report as a function of the degree of student's field-independence supports the authors' hypothesis. Results are interpreted in terms of closer attention of field-independent individuals to relevant cues.

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Associating Embedded Figures Test Performance with Extreme Hysteria and Psychasthenia MMPI Scores in a Psychiatric Population

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.1177/003151258005000261 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 432-434

Author(s):

David M. Lawrence ◽

Victor Morton

Keyword(s):

Field Dependence ◽

Test Performance ◽

Field Independence ◽

Embedded Figures Test ◽

Geometric Figures ◽

Performance Time ◽

Embedded Figures ◽

Chi Squared ◽

Psychiatric Population ◽

Female Subjects

21 female subjects from a psychiatric population scoring high on one of two MMPI scales, Hysteria or Psychasthenia, were given Jackson's (1956) shortened version of the Embedded Figures Test. Hysteria correlates positively and significantly .71 with time spent in detecting embedded geometric figures. Obsessive-compulsiveness and Embedded Figures Test performance time are negatively correlated —.63. The average times were 102.5 sec. for hysteria subjects and 62.6 sec. for psychasthenia subjects. Chi-squared establishes the significant association of MMPI measurements for hysteria and obsessive-compulsiveness with field-dependence and field-independence, respectively.

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