Prediction of Neurosurgical Results by Psychological Evaluation

1979 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally K. Kuperman ◽  
Charles J. Golden ◽  
David Osmon ◽  
Horst G. Blume
Keyword(s):  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Personality Measures ◽  
Multiple Correlation ◽  
One Year ◽  
Eventual Outcome

There has been an increasing interest in the role of personality factors in the outcome of medical treatment. The present study examined the role of personality measures in predicting the outcome of neurosurgery for patients with a well-documented disruption of one or more discs. Each of 15 male and 16 female patients whose average age was 40.8 yr. received the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory before surgery and received a follow-up at least one year after surgery or until a final, stable level of recovery was attained. A multiple correlation of .64 between the personality measures and treatment outcome suggested that even in cases with a well-documented need for surgery, psychological factors can play a major influence in the eventual outcome. Possible psychological interventions before surgery which might increase the likelihood of a good outcome are briefly outlined.

Individualized Behavioural Treatment of Severe Stuttering

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willi Ecker ◽  
Victor Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Oral Reading ◽  
Reading Improvement ◽  
Behavioural Treatment ◽  
Communication Situations ◽  
Cognitive Techniques ◽  
One Year

This case study illustrates the reduction of severe stuttering by an individually tailored treatment programme. Interventions are derived from a tripartite analysis (Lang, 1971) and include EMG biofeedback, regulated breathing, exposure in vivo to stressful communication situations and cognitive techniques to reduce relapse risk. The role of dysfunctional response system interactions in stuttering is emphasized. Treatment resulted in a marked reduction of stuttering and associated facial contortions during videotaped conversations with strangers and oral reading. Improvement was maintained at one-year follow-up.

scholarly journals Role of methyleprednisolone succinate in the management of acute spinal cord injury

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-172
Author(s):  
NK Karn ◽  
BP Shrestha ◽  
GP Khanal ◽  
R Rijal ◽  
P Chaudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Acute Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
And Gender ◽  
One Year

Objective: To see the role of methyleprednisolone succinate in the management of acute spinal cord injury. Methods: A randomized control trial was done including the patients with acute spinal cord injury. They were divided into age and gender matched two groups. Patients with presence of active infection, associated open fracture, those on long term steroid and those who did not give consent to participate in the trial were excluded. One group received methyleprednisolone succinate within 8 hours of injury and another group did not receive the drug. Both the groups were managed nonoperatively. The neurological status of the patients was assessed at presentation, once spinal shock was over, at 6th week and 6th month and after one year according to ASIA scoring. Frankel grading was also assessed in every follow up. Conclusion: Methylprednisolone succinct prevents secondary cord injury to a great extent and hence its administration within 8 hours of injury results in a better functional (motor and sensory) outcome. Keywords: acute spinal cord injury; methyleprednisolone succinate DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v9i3.5585   HR 2011; 9(3): 168-172

Conceptualization and assessment of personality factors in depression

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 309-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon L. Flett ◽  
Paul L. Hewitt ◽  
Norman S. Endler ◽  
R. Michael Bagby
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Personality Measures ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Clinical Literature

Research that relates personality to depression is one of the dominant themes in the clinical literature. The current paper examines this research from a critical perspective. It is argued that existing research is limited by (i) a failure to adopt a broad conceptual approach to the study of personality and depression; and (ii) the use of personality measures with questionable psychometric properties. Our observations lead us to suggest that greater adherence to established methodology and conceptual developments in the personality field will result in substantial improvements in research on personality and depression, and may ultimately provide a more accurate appraisal of the role of personality factors in depression. In addition to examining important issues, key directions for future research are discussed.

Different Therapeutic Approaches and Outcome in the Treatment of Pterygium

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Karabatsas ◽  
G. W. Marsh ◽  
A. M. Cook ◽  
S. D. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Lamellar Keratoplasty ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
One Year

Purpose This study was initiated to investigate the role of different therapeutic modalities in the outcome of the surgical treatment of pterygium. Methods The results of treatment of pterygia with a variety of surgical techniques were studied in 56 eyes (49 patients) operated on at Bristol Eye Hospital during a period of five years. The surgical techniques included simple excision; bare sclera; conjunctival autograft; sliding conjunctival flap; lamellar keratoplasty and penetrating keratoplasty. Twelve eyes received additional beta irradiation in a fractionated total dose of 40 Gys. Results The incidence of recurrence was 23.2% for the 43 treated primary pterygia, and 23% for the 13 recurrent pterygia. All recurrences occurred between 2.5 and 11 months postoperatively. None of the 11 cases where additional beta irradiation was used showed any recurrence or other complication within the study period. In the recurrent pterygia group, the cases treated with a combination of surgical excision and beta irradiation, showed significantly lower recurrence rate (p<0.001) compared to those cases treated with surgical excision alone. Conclusions Beta irradiation as a complement to surgical treatment of pterygium, is successful in treating high risk cases such as reoperations, whereas for the majority of primary pterygia surgical excision alone is adequate. Additionally, follow up of one year will reveal any recurrences.

scholarly journals Role of a follow-up in puberty children with diffuse euthyroid goiter

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
A. V. Kiyaev ◽  
I. O. Zaikova ◽  
V. V. Fadeev
Keyword(s):  
Random Sample ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Therapeutic Intervention ◽  
Presumptive Diagnosis ◽  
One Year ◽  
Toxic Goiter

То identify patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) in a random sample of children, a stepwise clinical examination was conducted among 427 ninth-form pupils (aged 14-15 years) from 4 Yekaterinburg districts. Among 58 children with goiter as shown by ultrasonography, 18 were initially diagnosed as having hypertrophic AIT; 38patients had diffuse euthyroid goiter; one patient had diffuse toxic goiter; and mixed euthyroid goiter was detected in one case. At one-year follow-up, re-examination rejected the diagnosis of AIT in 13 of the 18 patients. It was concluded that: (1) the follow-up of children with a presumptive diagnosis of AIT suggests that the latter plays a much less role in the etiological pattern of diffuse euthyroid goiter as compared with the data of the primary examination; (2) most changes originally interpreted as manifestations of AIT are reversible, which suggests that it is preferable to follow-up children with a presumptive diagnosis of AIT in the phase of euthyrosis under active therapeutic intervention.

Phase II trial with carboplatin/gemcitabine induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy concomitantly with paclitaxel/gemcitabine in stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7139-7139 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Hirsh ◽  
M. Duclos ◽  
L. Souhami ◽  
P. Del Vecchio ◽  
L. Ofiara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Disease ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Phase Ii Trial ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Stage Iii Nsclc ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
One Year ◽  
Ecog Ps

7139 Background: The optimal combination of concomitant thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) and CT in stage III unresectable NSCLC remains unclear. The role of induction CT with Cb/G regimen, less toxic than Cisplatin/G, has not been established in stage III NSCLC. Methods: Forty-two patients (pts), 41 evaluable, entered this trial between January 2003 and November 2004, 27 males, 14 females, median age 60 (37–70), 19 pts with ECOG PS 0, 22 pts with PS 1, 22 pts with stage III A (N2), and 19 pts with stage III B (N2, N3). They received Cb AUC 5 i.v. on day 1 and G 1000 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1 + 8 every three weeks x 2 cycles, followed on day 50 by TRT, 60 Gy over 6 weeks, concomitantly with P 50 mg/m2 i.v. and G 100 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1 + 8 every three weeks x 2 cycles. Results: After induction CT, partial response (PR) was 73.1% (30 pts), stable disease (SD) 24.4% (10 pts), and 2.5% (1 pt) had progressive disease. After TRT and P/G, 19.5% (8 pts) had CR, 75.6% (31 pts) PR, and 4.9% (2 pts) PD. Median time-to-disease progression was 11.5 months. Median survival has not been reached yet, but surpassed 16.5 months; one-year survival is 71% (29 pts). Twenty three patients are still alive, after minimal follow-up of 13 months. First site of PD was in lungs in 7 pts, in brain 5 pts, in bones 4 pts; 2 pts died without PD, of cardiovascular disease. Toxicity of induction CT was minimal. During TRT and CT, grade 3 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia occurred in 8 pts, 3 pts, and 3 pts respectively, grade 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia in one pt each. Nine pts received red cell transfusions, one pt platelet transfusion. One patient developed esophageal fistula with grade 4 toxicity, 3 pts had grade 3 esophagitis, 2 pts grade 3 infections, and one pt grade 3 dermatitis and elevation of liver enzymes. Conclusions: This regimen is effective, well tolerated, and appears to be an excellent choice for stage III NSCLC. Sponsored by Eli Lilly Canada. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Primary Orbital Myxoid Liposarcoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Chen Niu ◽  
Netra Rana ◽  
Zhi Gang Min ◽  
Ming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Myxoid Liposarcoma ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ct And Mri

Liposarcomas are common malignant soft-tissue tumors, which come from primitive mesenchymal cells and differentiate into adipose tissue. These tumors are more commonly found in lower limbs and retroperitoneal region but also reported in pharynx, lung, liver, digestive tract, diaphragm, as well as in the spermatic cord. We reported a case of primary orbital myxoid liposarcoma in a 20-year-old female patient presented with a painless proptosis of the right eye. The mass was pathologically diagnosed as a myxoid liposarcoma. The tumor recurred in 9 months after surgical intervention. The second surgery was performed and followed by postoperative local radiotherapy. No recurrence has been reported after one year of follow-up. We highlighted the role of CT and MRI findings in the tumor diagnosis and the importance of local radiotherapy after surgery. Asian Journal of Medical Science, Volume-4 (2013), Pages 28-32 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v4i4.8311 

Schizo-affective Symptomatology in Late Life

1971 ◽  
Vol 118 (545) ◽  
pp. 437-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Post
Keyword(s):  
Twin Studies ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Affective Psychosis ◽  
Affective Psychoses ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
The Family ◽  
One Year ◽  
Depressive States

Kasanin (10) seems to have been the first author to use the term 'schizo-affective psychosis'. He drew attention to Lange's observations of catatonic features in mania, and to Claude's concept of 'schizomanie’. The case records of his young and acutely ill patients make one wonder, however, whether Kasanin had been sufficiently ready to recognize mixed manic-depressive states. Arising from the study of more prolonged illnesses, the Kleist-Leonhard school attempted to construct a number of sub-categories of schizophrenia in order to accommodate ‘cycloid’ cases. In this country, the term 'schizo-affective’ is at the present time in bad odour. Aubrey Lewis (11), employing very searching criteria, discovered schizophrenic symptoms in 23 of his 61 patients with affective psychoses, but derived them from hereditary and personality factors. Both Batchelor (2) and Mayer-Gross, Slater, and Roth (13), while admitting the occasional co-existence of manic-depressive and schizophrenic psychoses largely ascribed to mixed inheritance, have indicated that the schizo-affective label could be avoided by a more rigorous diagnostic approach and follow-up. These were employed recently by Clayton et al. (6), and of 39 schizo-affective patients 33 were re-assessed after at least one year; only 13 were still ill; and although 5 of them continued to show some schizophrenic symptoms, the authors interpreted their findings to indicate that schizophrenic deterioration was not a usual result of schizo-affective illness. Moreover, the family histories suggested a very strong relationship with ordinary affective illnesses rather than with schizophrenia or schizo-affective psychoses. These workers did not, therefore, confirm the claims of others (e.g. those arising from Mitsuda's (14) twin studies) to the effect that atypical psychoses were in a genetically different category from schizophrenia and manic-depression. The concept of 'schizo-affective’ has been devastatingly criticized by Foulds and Caine (7) on logical grounds.

scholarly journals Identifying People with Depression: The role of ‘Self Rated Health’

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Nafisa Huq ◽  
Tarzia Choudhury ◽  
Samia Aziz ◽  
SM Yasir Arafat ◽  
M Omar Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
One Year ◽  
Independent University

Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide. However, it is under recognized and undertreated. Self-rated health is a one-item question that has been used for population health monitoring. It was aimed to examine the prospect of using ‘self-rated health’ (SRH) in identifying people with depression among adult community-based population in Bangladesh over a one-year period controlling for socio-demographic, chronic diseases and symptoms, physical disability, smoking, and life events. We examined data from 3455 participants aged 18 years and above who participated in the 2015 January and 2016 January Health and Socio-Economic Survey of Independent University, Bangladesh. Using multiple logistic regressions, depression at baseline was examined to predict self-rated health at one-year follow-up adjusting for socio-demographic variables, chronic diseases, risk behaviors, and life events. Respondents with depression at baseline had 35% higher odds of reporting poor SRH in the follow-up round compared to those with no depression (OR=1.35, 95% CI=1.03 1.78, P<0.03). SRH may be used by community health workers as a preliminary indicator to identify people who may have depression followed by further screening and management for depression. South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.8(1) 2018: 10-16

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